Access to Probing and Peri-implant Diseases

May 8, 2026 updated by: Alberto Ortiz Vigon, Arrow Development

Access to Peri-implant Probing and Its Association With Peri-implant Diseases: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

This multicenter cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the association between access to peri-implant probing and radiographic peri-implant bone loss. Although probing is the primary diagnostic tool for peri-implant diseases, prosthetic design may limit access, potentially affecting diagnosis and disease progression. The study will include patients with dental implants in function for at least three years and will assess clinical, radiographic, and prosthetic variables.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Peri-implantitis is a plaque-induced inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation of peri-implant tissues and progressive bone loss. Probing is essential for diagnosis; however, prosthetic design may hinder or prevent proper probing access, potentially compromising diagnostic accuracy.

Despite its clinical relevance, no studies have directly evaluated whether limited access to probing is associated with peri-implant bone loss. This study aims to address this gap.

This is a multicenter cross-sectional observational study conducted in nine private clinics in Spain. A total of 281 patients will be included. Clinical and radiographic data will be collected, including probing accessibility, probing depth, plaque index, bleeding on probing, suppuration, prosthetic design, hygiene accessibility, and radiographic bone levels.

Statistical analysis will evaluate associations between probing access and peri-implant bone loss at both patient and implant levels.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

281

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adult patients attending participating clinics for the first time for maintenance, review, or treatment, with dental implants in function for at least three years

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥18 years
  • Dental implants loaded for at least 3 years
  • Implant-supported restorations (single, partial fixed, or full-arch)
  • First visit to the clinic (maintenance, review, or treatment)
  • Signed informed consent
  • Availability of clinical and radiographic records

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Exposure of the intraosseous portion of the implant
  • Evident prosthetic misfit
  • Inability to provide informed consent
  • Lack of cooperation for clinical examination

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Association between probing access and peri-implant radiographic bone loss
Time Frame: Baseline (cross-sectional assessment)
Evaluation of whether limited or impossible probing access is associated with increased radiographic bone loss (measured in mm from implant platform to bone level).
Baseline (cross-sectional assessment)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Prevalence of implants with limited or no probing accessibility
Time Frame: Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Proportion of implants classified as having limited or impossible access to peri-implant probing, based on probe angulation and feasibility without prosthesis removal.
Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Prevalence of non-hygienizable implant-supported prostheses
Time Frame: Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Proportion of implant-supported restorations classified as non-hygienizable, defined as the inability to pass an interdental brush of at least 0.4 mm diameter
Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Association between hygiene accessibility and peri-implant bone loss
Time Frame: Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Evaluation of the relationship between prosthetic hygiene accessibility (hygienizable vs non-hygienizable) and radiographic peri-implant marginal bone levels.
Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Clinical peri-implant parameters
Time Frame: Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Assessment of peri-implant clinical parameters, including plaque presence, bleeding on probing, suppuration, and probing depth (when measurable), in relation to probing accessibility.
Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Patient-related and implant-related factors associated with probing accessibility
Time Frame: Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)
Exploratory analysis of the association between probing accessibility and variables such as type of prosthesis (single, partial, full-arch), implant characteristics (bone level/tissue level, connection type), and patient-related factors (oral hygiene habits, maintenance frequency, history of periodontitis).
Assessed at the baseline visit (single cross-sectional evaluation)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Arrow Development

Collaborators

Salud y Estetica Dental SCH Zurbano S.L
Clinica Dental Nexus, Malaga
Clinica Bio, Madrid
Centro de Periodoncia e Implantes Aranda-Macera, Madrid
Clínica Sánchez Cortés, Madrid
Madrid Perio & Implant Clinic, Madrid
Clínica Barbieri, A Coruña
Clinica Ortiz-Vigon, Bilbao
PerioCentrum Guadalajara

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

May 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 23, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

April 29, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 12, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 8, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 01924

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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