Effect of Involving Community-dwelling Older Adults in Activities in Relation to Meals

Žádný zásah: Controlgroup

Experimentální: Interventionsgroup

Behaviorální: A rehabilitation process involving collaborative goal setting with a case manager about managing own food and meals

The intervention consists of two parts:

1. Education of the health care staff with three day's education focusing of aspects of food, meals and nutrition to old people.
2. The individual participants in the intervention group will be participating in a rehabilitation process involving collaborative goal setting with a case manager. All the case managers have a background as registered dietician and will before start of the intervention be trained in managing a rehabilitation process with focus on meals and food. The training will consist of three days of education in, respectively, areas in relation to rehabilitation and the role as a care manager. Specific topics include; assessment of functional abilities in relation to meals and food; goal setting by means of GAS (Goal Attainment Scaling), ethical considerations and communication.

Quality of life

EuroQol (EQ-5D) is a questionnaire with five questions to be answered in three categories of movement, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.

30 seconds chair-stand

30 seconds chair-stand will be used to measure muscle strength. Participants are asked to fold their arms across their chest and to stand up and sit down on a chair without pushing off with arms, as many times as possible for 30 seconds.

Weight

Weight in kilograms

Height

Height in meter and centimetre

Loneliness

Loneliness will be measured by the UCLA Loneliness Scale. The scale consists of 20 items (11 positive and 9 negative), describing subjective feelings of loneliness.

Mental well-being

Mental well-being will be measured by the short Warwich-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS) - Danish version 2014. SWEMWBS is a 7-item scale; each answered on a 1 to 5 Likert scale, with most items representing aspects of psychological and eudemonic well-being, and few covering hedonic well-being or affect.

Self-efficacy

Self-efficacy will be measured by The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE).The GSE is a 10-item psychometric scale will be used to assess optimistic self-beliefs to cope with a variety of difficult demands in life.

Satisfaction with food-related life

The satisfaction with food-related life will be measured by the Satisfaction with Food-related Life (SWFL) scale.The SWFL, consists of 5 items grouped into a single dimension (e.g. Food 1: Food and meals are positive elements; Food 2: I am generally pleased with my food; Food 3: My life in relation to food and meals is close to ideal; Food 4: With regards to food, the conditions of my life are excellent; Food 5: Food and meals give me satisfaction in daily life.). In each scale, the respondents must indicate their degree of agreement with these statements using a 6-level Likert scale (1 = disagree completely, 6 = agree completely).