Epidural Catheter Placement Techniques by Anesthesia Residents: Success and Complications (EPİ-TECH)
Anesthesia Residents' Epidural Catheter Placement Techniques: A Prospective Observational Study on Success Rates and Complications
Studieoversigt
Status
Status
Betingelser
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljeret beskrivelse
Undersøgelsestype
Undersøgelsestype
Tilmelding (Anslået)
Tilmelding
Kontakter og lokationer
Studiekontakt
Studiekontakt
- Navn: dilara göçmen, Asst prof
- Telefonnummer: +90 216 625 4545
- E-mail: dilara.gocmen@marmara.edu.tr
Studiesteder
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Maltepe
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Istanbul, Maltepe, Tyrkiet (Türkiye), 34852
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital
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Kontakt:
- dilara göçmen, Asst prof
- Telefonnummer: +90 216 625 4545
- E-mail: dilara.gocmen@marmara.edu.tr
-
-
Deltagelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
- Voksen
- Ældre voksen
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Prøveudtagningsmetode
Studiebefolkning
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18-80 years
- ASA physical status I, II, or III
- Scheduled for elective surgery requiring perioperative epidural analgesia or anesthesia (lumbar or thoracic approach)
- Epidural catheter to be placed by a resident with ≥ 2 years of anesthesia training
Exclusion Criteria:
- Spinal deformity (scoliosis, kyphosis, or prior spinal surgery at the target level)
- Coagulopathy or anticoagulant therapy precluding neuraxial blockade
- Active infection at the insertion site or systemic infection
- Pre-existing neurological disease affecting the spinal cord or nerve roots
- Emergency surgery
- History of prior failed epidural catheterization
- Patient refusal or inability to provide written informed consent
- Local anatomical pathology precluding safe epidural access
Studieplan
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
Antal grupper/kohorter
Kohorter og interventioner
Gruppe / kohorteGruppe / kohorte |
Intervention / BehandlingIntervention / Behandling |
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Loss of Resistance (LOR) Group
Patients in whom the epidural space is identified using the loss of resistance technique.
The attending resident uses a syringe filled with air or normal saline attached to the Tuohy needle hub and advances until resistance disappears upon entering the epidural space.
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Epidural catheterization performed using an 18G Tuohy needle and standard catheter set by anesthesia residents with a minimum of two years of training, under specialist supervision.
Technique selection (LOR or HD) is at the discretion of the performing resident and is not randomized.
Andre navne:
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Hanging Drop (HD) Group
Patients in whom the epidural space is identified using the hanging drop technique.
A drop of normal saline is placed at the Tuohy needle hub and observed to be aspirated inward by the negative epidural pressure as the needle tip traverses the ligamentum flavum.
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Epidural catheterization performed using an 18G Tuohy needle and standard catheter set by anesthesia residents with a minimum of two years of training, under specialist supervision.
Technique selection (LOR or HD) is at the discretion of the performing resident and is not randomized.
Andre navne:
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Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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First-attempt success rate
Tidsramme: Time Frame: Immediately upon procedure completion
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Defined as successful epidural space identification and catheter placement in a single Tuohy needle insertion attempt, without redirecting the needle.
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Time Frame: Immediately upon procedure completion
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Sekundære resultatmål
Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Dural puncture rate
Tidsramme: Intraoperative
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Inadvertent dural puncture defined as free flow of cerebrospinal fluid through the Tuohy needle or epidural catheter, confirmed by visual inspection.
Recorded as yes/no by the independent observer at the time of the procedure
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Intraoperative
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Catheter Advancement Failure Rate
Tidsramme: intraoperative
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Inability to thread the epidural catheter beyond 3 cm into the epidural space despite confirmed needle placement, necessitating needle repositioning or procedure abandonment.
Recorded as yes/no by the independent observer.
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intraoperative
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Operator-Assessed Difficulty Score
Tidsramme: Immediately after procedure completion
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The performing resident rates the overall technical difficulty of the procedure immediately upon completion using a 5-point Likert scale: 1 = very easy, 2 = easy, 3 = moderate, 4 = difficult, 5 = very difficult.
Recorded on the standardized data collection form
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Immediately after procedure completion
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Intravascular catheter placement rate
Tidsramme: intraoperative
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Unintentional intravascular placement defined as aspiration of blood through the epidural catheter prior to test dose administration.
Recorded as yes/no by the independent observer immediately following catheter advancement
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intraoperative
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Postoperative Pain Scores
Tidsramme: 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively
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Pain intensity assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), where 0 = no pain and 10 = worst imaginable pain.
Recorded at four time points: immediately upon arrival to the recovery unit (0 hours), and at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively by the independent observer.
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0, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively
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Rate and Type of Assistance Required During Catheter Placement
Tidsramme: Intraoperative
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The level of assistance received by the performing resident is recorded in three categories: (1) No assistance - procedure completed independently; (2) Verbal guidance only - supervising specialist provides verbal instructions without physical intervention; (3) Physical assistance - supervising specialist takes over needle or catheter manipulation partially or completely.
Recorded by the independent observer at the time of the procedure.
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Intraoperative
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First-Attempt Success Rate Stratified by Resident Seniority Level
Tidsramme: Intraoperative
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First-attempt success rates are compared across three seniority strata defined by duration of anesthesia training: junior residents (2-3 years), intermediate residents (3-4 years), and senior residents (4 years and above).
Seniority is determined by the total duration of anesthesia specialty training at the time of the procedure.
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Intraoperative
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Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Sponsor
Sponsor
Publikationer og nyttige links
Generelle publikationer
- 1. Hoffmann VL, Vercauteren MP, Vreugde JP, Hans GH, Coppejans HC, Adriaensen HA. Posterior epidural space depth: safety of the loss of resistance and hanging drop techniques. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 1999;83(5):807-811. 2. Günaydın B, Tan A, Doğru O, Mutlu M, Öztürk G, Güler HG. Comparison of spring-loaded, loss of resistance and hanging drop techniques in lumbar epidural blocks. Agri. 2012;24(1):13-18. 3. Azizov S, Okcu M, Goksu H. Could the Hanging Drop Technique Be an Alternative Method to Loss of Resistance in Cervical Epidural Injections? Pain Physician. 2025;28:217-221. 4. Tran DQH, González AP, Bernucci F, Finlayson RJ. Confirmation of Loss-of-Resistance for Epidural Analgesia. Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. 2015;40(2):166-173. 5. Yoshida K, Tanaka S, Watanabe K. Hanging-Drop Technique Is More Suitable for Epidural Space Confirmation in Patients With Subcutaneous Emphysema After Traumatic Multiple Rib Fractures. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 2023;37(12). 6. Konrad C, Schüpfer G, Wietlisbach M, Gerber H. Learning manual skills in anesthesiology: Is there a recommended number of cases for anesthetic procedures? Anesthesia & Analgesia. 1998;86(3):635-639. 7. De Oliveira GS, Glassenberg R, Chang R, Fitzgerald P, McCarthy R. Virtual airway simulation to improve dexterity among novices performing fibreoptic intubation. Anaesthesia. 2013;68(10):1053-1058. 8. Kopacz DJ, Neal JM, Pollock JE. The regional anesthesia learning curve. Regional Anesthesia. 1996;21(3):182-190. 9. Naik VN, Devito I, Halpern SH. Cusum analysis is a useful tool to assess resident proficiency at epidural anesthesia. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. 2004;51(7):703-708.
Datoer for undersøgelser
Studer store datoer
Studiestart (Anslået)
Studiestart
Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)
Primær færdiggørelse
Studieafslutning (Anslået)
Studieafslutning
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
Først indsendt
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først opslået (Faktiske)
Først opslået
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)
Sidste opdatering sendt
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidst verificeret
Sidst verificeret
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Nøgleord
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
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