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Bone Deterioration After Kidney Transplantation Assessed by DXA and HR-pQCT (DXACT)

6. november 2026 opdateret af: Medical University Innsbruck

Prospective Imaging-based Assessment of Skeletal Deterioration After Kidney Transplantation Using DXA and HR-pQCT (DXACT Study)

The goal of this observational study is to learn how bone health changes during the first year after kidney transplantation in adults receiving their first kidney transplant.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • How many patients show a clinically relevant decline in bone density or bone structure within 12 months after transplantation?
  • Does a standard bone density scan (DXA) detect these changes as well as a high-resolution scan of bone structure (HR-pQCT)?

Participants will:

  • Have a DXA scan of the lower spine, hip and forearm and an HR-pQCT scan of the forearm and lower leg shortly after transplantation and again after 12 months. Participants followed up in Innsbruck may also have these scans after 6 months.
  • Give blood and urine samples at the same visits, taken together with routine blood tests whenever possible, for bone and mineral markers and storage in a biobank.

The study does not change any treatment. All treatment decisions remain with the patients' physicians.

Studieoversigt

Status

Rekruttering

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Bone mineral density declines rapidly during the first 6-12 months after kidney transplantation, driven by glucocorticoid exposure, persistent chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and changes in bone turnover. This period coincides with the highest fracture risk. DXA-scans provide areal bone mineral density only and cannot distinguish cortical from trabecular bone or assess microarchitecture, so it may underestimate early cortical deterioration. HR-pQCT measures volumetric bone mineral density, cortical and trabecular microarchitecture and, by finite element analysis, estimated bone strength.

DXACT is an investigator-initiated, prospective, single-centre observational cohort study at the Medical University of Innsbruck. Baseline clinical and laboratory assessment is performed 7 +/- 2 days and imaging 10 +/- 7 days after transplantation; assessments are repeated at 12 months, with an optional 6-month visit for participants followed locally. HR-pQCT is performed at the distal radius and distal tibia of the dominant side (contralateral side if a vascular access or implant is present); DXA at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), hip and distal radius (33%).

Clinically relevant skeletal deterioration is defined as a change exceeding the least significant change (LSC = 2.77 x precision CV) of the respective modality and parameter. Laboratory assessments include parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxy- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphate, P1NP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, TRAP5b, CTX, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin. EDTA plasma and urine are stored in a pseudonymised biobank at -80 °C.

Analyses are primarily descriptive and exploratory. Planned analyses include agreement and discordance between DXA- and HR-pQCT-based classification, associations of imaging changes with biochemical markers and clinical factors (age, sex, dialysis vintage, cumulative glucocorticoid dose, rejection, graft function), and comparison by graft function at 12 months. Incident fragility fractures beyond 12 months may be retrieved from routine clinical records without further participant contact.

Undersøgelsestype

Observationel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

100

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

Studiesteder

    • Tyrol
      • Innsbruck, Tyrol, Østrig, 6020
        • Rekruttering
        • Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension
        • Kontakt:
        • Kontakt:
        • Ledende efterforsker:
          • Andreas Kronbichler, MD, PhD
        • Underforsker:
          • Clemens Untersulzner, MD

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

18 år og ældre (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Prøveudtagningsmetode

Ikke-sandsynlighedsprøve

Studiebefolkning

Adult recipients of a first kidney transplant (living or deceased donor) treated at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria, who are approached by the study team within 10 days after transplantation.

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 years or older at the time of kidney transplantation
  • First kidney transplantation (living or deceased donor)
  • Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent
  • Enrolment possible within 10 days after kidney transplantation
  • Clinical stability sufficient to undergo imaging procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous kidney transplantation
  • Prior or ongoing treatment with antiresorptive or osteoanabolic therapies (e.g. bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide) at the time of transplantation
  • Conditions precluding reliable bone imaging, including metal implants at the measurement sites
  • Contraindications to HR-pQCT or DXA
  • Inability to undergo imaging due to physical or technical limitations
  • Known metabolic bone diseases unrelated to chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)
  • Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with study participation, data quality or protocol adherence

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Observationsmodeller: COHORT
  • Tidsperspektiver: PROSPECTIVE

Kohorter og interventioner

Gruppe / kohorte
Intervention / Behandling
Kidney transplant recipients

Adults (18 years or older) who received a first kidney transplant (living or deceased donor) at the Medical University of Innsbruck and are enrolled within 10 days after transplantation.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), hip and distal radius (33%) and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the distal radius and distal tibia, performed at baseline (10 +/- 7 days after kidney transplantation) and at 12 months, with an optional 6-month visit. Imaging is used for research only; no treatment is assigned.

Andre navne:
  • Dobbeltenergi røntgenabsorptiometri
  • High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography

Blood and urine samples at each study visit, taken together with routine blood draws, for markers of bone and mineral metabolism and storage in a biobank.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Proportion of Participants With Clinically Relevant Skeletal Deterioration on HR-pQCT
Tidsramme: Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months

Deterioration exceeding the least significant change (LSC = 2.77 x precision CV) in at least one of cortical thickness, cortical porosity or finite element-derived failure load at the distal radius or distal tibia.

Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months
Proportion of Participants With Clinically Relevant Skeletal Deterioration on DXA
Tidsramme: Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months

Decrease in areal bone mineral density exceeding the site-specific least significant change at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), hip or distal radius (33%).

Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in Cortical Thickness
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mm) and relative (%) change in cortical thickness at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Cortical Porosity
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (percentage points) and relative change in cortical porosity at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Total Volumetric BMD
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mg HA/cm³) and relative (%) change in total volumetric bone mineral density at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Cortical Volumetric BMD
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mg HA/cm³) and relative (%) change in cortical volumetric bone mineral density at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Volumetric BMD
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mg HA/cm³) and relative (%) change in trabecular volumetric bone mineral density at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Number
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (1/mm) and relative (%) change in trabecular number at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Thickness
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mm) and relative (%) change in trabecular thickness at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Separation
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mm) and relative (%) change in trabecular separation at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Biochemical Markers of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Change in parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphate, P1NP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, TRAP5b, CTX, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Estimated Bone Strength (Failure Load)
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute and relative change in finite element-derived failure load (N) at the distal radius and distal tibia.

Baseline to 12 months
Change in Areal Bone Mineral Density
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute and relative change in areal BMD (g/cm2) at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), total hip, femoral neck and distal radius (33%) measured by DXA.

Baseline to 12 months
Skeletal Changes by Graft Function
Tidsramme: 12 months

Comparison of HR-pQCT and DXA changes between participants with eGFR >= 60 and < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (CKD-EPI 2021) at 12 months.

12 months

Andre resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Discordance Between DXA and HR-pQCT Classification
Tidsramme: 12 months

Proportion of participants classified differently by DXA and HR-pQCT, in particular stable DXA with deterioration on HR-pQCT.

12 months
Association of Dialysis Vintage With Skeletal Deterioration
Tidsramme: Baseline to 12 months

Pre-transplant dialysis duration (continuous; pre-emptive, < 12, >= 12 months) as predictor of imaging-derived skeletal changes.

Baseline to 12 months
Incident Fragility Fractures
Tidsramme: Up to 5 years after transplantation

Fragility fractures retrieved from routine clinical records without participant contact.

Up to 5 years after transplantation

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Andreas Kronbichler, MD, PhD, Medical University Innsbruck

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

21. oktober 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

31. december 2029

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

31. december 2029

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

28. oktober 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

6. november 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

13. november 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

13. november 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

6. november 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. oktober 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • DXACT-003
  • 1140/2026 (Anden identifikator: Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Innsbruck)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data will not be shared publicly, as participant consent does not cover transfer to third parties. De-identified data may be made available by the study lead upon reasonable request, subject to approval by the ethics committee and data protection regulations.

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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