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Effects of AI-Generated Animated Videos on Dental Anxiety in Children (AIVDAC)

13. maj 2026 opdateret af: Gül Keskin, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University

Instrument-Specific Effects of an AI-Generated Animated Video Series on Dental Anxiety in Paediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the overall effect of an artificial intelligence-generated, instrument-specific animated video series compared with the conventional Tell-Show-Do (TSD) technique on dental anxiety in children aged 4 to 8 years. The study will also investigate whether the anxiety-reducing effect differs according to the dental instrument introduced.

Researchers will compare the animated video series with the conventional Tell-Show-Do technique across four dental instruments: dental mirror, dental probe, micromotor handpiece, and saliva ejector.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the study groups. Children will either watch an instrument-specific animated educational video or receive the Tell-Show-Do technique related to a specific dental instrument. Dental anxiety levels will be evaluated using the Facial Image Scale (FIS), Venham Picture Test (VPT) and Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale-Faces version (MCDASf), together with pulse rate and oxygen saturation levels, before and after the application procedure.

Studieoversigt

Status

Rekruttering

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

This prospective, single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial will evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-generated animated educational video series in reducing dental anxiety among children aged 4 to 8 years. The study uses a 2×4 factorial design to compare the animated video series with the conventional Tell-Show-Do (TSD) technique across four commonly used dental instruments: dental mirror, dental probe, micromotor handpiece, and saliva ejector.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of eight study groups according to intervention type and dental instrument. Only healthy children with no previous dental treatment experience and a Frankl Behavior Rating Scale score of 3 or 4 will be included in the study. Children in the animation groups will watch an instrument-specific animated educational video, while children in the control groups will receive the conventional Tell-Show-Do technique for the same instrument.

Dental anxiety will be assessed using the Facial Image Scale (FIS), Venham Picture Test (VPT), and Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale-Faces version (MCDASf). Physiological parameters including pulse rate and oxygen saturation levels will also be recorded before and after the application procedure.

The study aims to investigate both the overall effectiveness of the animated educational video series and the instrument-specific differences in anxiety reduction among pediatric dental patients.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

144

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
    • Antalya
      • Alanya, Antalya, Tyrkiet (Türkiye), 07425
        • Rekruttering
        • Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Faculty of Dentistry
        • Kontakt:
        • Kontakt:
        • Ledende efterforsker:
          • Gül Keskin, Assoc. Prof., DDS, PhD
        • Underforsker:
          • Fatma Yaman Toktaşır, DDS, Research Assistant

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 4-8 years
  • Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale score of 3 or 4 (positive or definitely positive) at initial assessment
  • No previous restorative or surgical dental treatment
  • ASA physical status classification I or II
  • Ability to communicate in Turkish
  • Written informed consent from the parent or legal guardian

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Confirmed neurodevelopmental disorder (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder)
  • Clinically significant visual or hearing impairment
  • Prior exposure to formal behaviour management conditioning programmes
  • Requirement for emergency dental care at the study appointment

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Støttende pleje
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Faktoriel opgave
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Animated Series - Dental Mirror
Children in this arm viewed a single episode of the AI-generated animated video series (~60 seconds) corresponding to the dental mirror, presented on a 10-inch tablet at 60 dB SPL in the dental waiting area prior to clinical examination. The episode features a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters that hide among tooth surfaces and are revealed and removed by the dental mirror.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AI-Generated Animated Video Series
An original four-episode animated video series produced using AI-assisted animation tools. Each episode is approximately 60 seconds in duration and is designed around a single dental instrument, featuring a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters whose mischievous behaviour is resolved through the action of the featured instrument. Each child viewed only the single episode corresponding to the instrument assigned to their group.
Aktiv komparator: Tell-Show-Do - Dental Mirror
Children in this arm received the standard Tell-Show-Do technique (~4 minutes) applied specifically to the dental mirror, following a standardised script. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Tell-Show-Do (TSD) Technique
The standard Tell-Show-Do technique applied specifically to the instrument assigned to each group. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do). Each TSD session lasted approximately 4 minutes, matching the viewing time of the single animated episode in the intervention condition.
Eksperimentel: Animated Series - Dental Probe
Children in this arm viewed a single episode of the AI-generated animated video series (~60 seconds) corresponding to the dental probe. The episode features a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters that jump between teeth and become wedged in interproximal spaces, then are dislodged and removed by the dental probe.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AI-Generated Animated Video Series
An original four-episode animated video series produced using AI-assisted animation tools. Each episode is approximately 60 seconds in duration and is designed around a single dental instrument, featuring a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters whose mischievous behaviour is resolved through the action of the featured instrument. Each child viewed only the single episode corresponding to the instrument assigned to their group.
Aktiv komparator: Tell-Show-Do - Dental Probe
Children in this arm received the standard Tell-Show-Do technique (~4 minutes) applied specifically to the dental probe, following a standardised script. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Tell-Show-Do (TSD) Technique
The standard Tell-Show-Do technique applied specifically to the instrument assigned to each group. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do). Each TSD session lasted approximately 4 minutes, matching the viewing time of the single animated episode in the intervention condition.
Eksperimentel: Animated Series - Micromotor Handpiece
Children in this arm viewed a single episode of the AI-generated animated video series (~60 seconds) corresponding to the micromotor handpiece. The episode features a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters that eat and rest on a tooth surface, then are tickled and removed by the micromotor handpiece.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AI-Generated Animated Video Series
An original four-episode animated video series produced using AI-assisted animation tools. Each episode is approximately 60 seconds in duration and is designed around a single dental instrument, featuring a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters whose mischievous behaviour is resolved through the action of the featured instrument. Each child viewed only the single episode corresponding to the instrument assigned to their group.
Aktiv komparator: Tell-Show-Do - Micromotor Handpiece
Children in this arm received the standard Tell-Show-Do technique (~4 minutes) applied specifically to the micromotor handpiece, following a standardised script. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Tell-Show-Do (TSD) Technique
The standard Tell-Show-Do technique applied specifically to the instrument assigned to each group. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do). Each TSD session lasted approximately 4 minutes, matching the viewing time of the single animated episode in the intervention condition.
Eksperimentel: Animated Series - Saliva Ejector
Children in this arm viewed a single episode of the AI-generated animated video series (~60 seconds) corresponding to the saliva ejector. The episode features a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters that flood the mouth with water and swim freely, then are eliminated by the suction of the saliva ejector.
Adfærdsmæssigt: AI-Generated Animated Video Series
An original four-episode animated video series produced using AI-assisted animation tools. Each episode is approximately 60 seconds in duration and is designed around a single dental instrument, featuring a recurring maternal character and anthropomorphic dental germ characters whose mischievous behaviour is resolved through the action of the featured instrument. Each child viewed only the single episode corresponding to the instrument assigned to their group.
Aktiv komparator: Tell-Show-Do - Saliva Ejector
Children in this arm received the standard Tell-Show-Do technique (~4 minutes) applied specifically to the saliva ejector, following a standardised script. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Tell-Show-Do (TSD) Technique
The standard Tell-Show-Do technique applied specifically to the instrument assigned to each group. The clinician verbally described the instrument's name, appearance, and function using age-appropriate language (Tell); demonstrated it on the child's hand before approaching the mouth (Show); and applied it intra-orally (Do). Each TSD session lasted approximately 4 minutes, matching the viewing time of the single animated episode in the intervention condition.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Venham's Picture Test (VPT)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
An eight-item pictorial anxiety measure requiring children to select the image (anxious or non-anxious figure) that best represents their feelings (score range 0-8).
Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
Facial Image Scale (FIS)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
A five-item pictorial self-report scale depicting faces ranging from very happy (1) to very unhappy (5), validated for use in children aged ≥ 4 years with limited literacy.
Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale - Faces Version (MCDASf)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
A six-item self-report scale using facial images (score range 6-30), validated for the paediatric dental setting.
Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
Heart Rate (HR)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
Measured using a paediatric pulse oximeter positioned on the index finger of the non-dominant hand. The mean of two consecutive readings was used for analysis.
Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)
Measured using a paediatric pulse oximeter positioned on the index finger of the non-dominant hand. The mean of two consecutive readings was used for analysis.
Baseline (T0) and immediately post-intervention (T1)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

17. februar 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

30. juni 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

30. juni 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

13. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

13. maj 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

19. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

19. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

13. maj 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. maj 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • ALKU-PEDO-2026-1/10

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data will not be shared publicly due to ethical considerations related to pediatric participants and institutional data protection policies. De-identified aggregate data may be reported in publications.

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Kliniske forsøg med Pediatric Dental Anxiety

Kliniske forsøg med AI-Generated Animated Video Series

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