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Hemodynamic Characteristics of Peripheral Arterial Disease Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

2 de octubre de 2026 actualizado por: Zhijun Bao, Fudan University

Analysis of Hemodynamic Characteristics in Peripheral Arterial Disease Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

Peripheral arterial disease can reduce blood flow to the legs. This study will examine how blood flow patterns in the leg arteries differ between people with peripheral arterial disease and people without the disease.

Researchers will use existing computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and medical records from participants who previously received CTA as part of routine clinical care. Three-dimensional models of the leg arteries will be created from these images. Computer simulations will then be used to study how changes in blood flow entering the arteries and resistance in smaller downstream blood vessels affect blood flow patterns. The researchers will compare these responses between participants with and without peripheral arterial disease.

This study uses only existing medical records and images. No new participants will be recruited, and no additional examinations or treatments will be performed for research purposes. The goal is to better understand blood flow characteristics associated with peripheral arterial disease.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Aún no reclutando

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Tipo de estudio

De observación

Inscripción (Estimado)

14

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Estudio Contacto

  • Nombre: Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
  • Número de teléfono: 021-62483180-571401
  • Correo electrónico: ant0930@163.com

Ubicaciones de estudio

    • Shanghai Municipality
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, Porcelana, 200040
        • Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
        • Contacto:
          • Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
          • Número de teléfono: 021-62483180-571401
          • Correo electrónico: ant0930@163.com
        • Investigador principal:
          • Wan Zhang, MD, PhD

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

18 años y mayores (Adulto, Adulto Mayor)

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

No

Géneros elegibles para el estudio

Todos

Método de muestreo

Muestra no probabilística

Población de estudio

Adults who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA) between January 1 and December 31, 2025, and met the eligibility criteria for either the peripheral artery disease (PAD) group or the healthy control group were retrospectively included. One patient-specific bilateral lower-extremity arterial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was constructed for each participant, and each participant and corresponding vascular model were treated as one independent study unit.

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥18 years.
  • Participants who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA).
  • PAD group: Diagnosis of lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD), defined by a resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤0.90.
  • PAD group: For participants in whom ABI was inconclusive, including ABI >0.90 or ABI >1.40 due to medial arterial calcification, PAD was confirmed by lower-extremity CTA or Doppler ultrasound showing ≥50% arterial stenosis or complete occlusion.
  • Control group: No symptoms suggestive of lower-extremity ischemia and no definite evidence of lower-extremity arterial stenosis or occlusion on CTA; ABI was used when necessary to further exclude PAD.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of lower-extremity arterial revascularization.
  • Presence of other diseases that could substantially affect lower-extremity hemodynamics.
  • CTA image quality insufficient for three-dimensional vascular reconstruction.

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

  • Modelos observacionales: CASE_CONTROL
  • Perspectivas temporales: RETROSPECTIVE

Cohortes e Intervenciones

Grupo / Cohorte
Intervención / Tratamiento
PAD Group

Participants with a clinical diagnosis of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease and available lower-extremity CTA images suitable for patient-specific three-dimensional arterial reconstruction.

Patient-specific three-dimensional lower-extremity arterial models will be reconstructed from existing CTA images and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two independent single-factor simulation experiments will be performed: an inlet velocity experiment, in which the amplitude of the inlet pulsatile velocity waveform is varied while distal peripheral resistance is held constant, and a peripheral resistance experiment, in which distal peripheral resistance is varied while inlet velocity is held constant. These simulations are performed only on computational models and do not involve any clinical intervention, additional examination, or treatment of participants.

Control Group

Participants without clinical evidence of peripheral arterial disease or significant lower-extremity arterial stenosis and with CTA images suitable for patient-specific three-dimensional arterial reconstruction.

Patient-specific three-dimensional lower-extremity arterial models will be reconstructed from existing CTA images and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two independent single-factor simulation experiments will be performed: an inlet velocity experiment, in which the amplitude of the inlet pulsatile velocity waveform is varied while distal peripheral resistance is held constant, and a peripheral resistance experiment, in which distal peripheral resistance is varied while inlet velocity is held constant. These simulations are performed only on computational models and do not involve any clinical intervention, additional examination, or treatment of participants.

¿Qué mide el estudio?

Medidas de resultado primarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. TAWSS will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in TAWSS across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. OSI will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in OSI across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Relative Residence Time (RRT)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Relative residence time (RRT) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. RRT will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in RRT across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. ECAP will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in ECAP across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. transWSS will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in transWSS across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Medidas de resultado secundarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Hemodynamic Response of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in TAWSS across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in OSI across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Relative Residence Time (RRT) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Relative residence time (RRT) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in RRT across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in ECAP across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in transWSS across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) to determine whether the TAWSS response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for oscillatory shear index (OSI) to determine whether the OSI response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Relative Residence Time (RRT)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for relative residence time (RRT) to determine whether the RRT response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) to determine whether the ECAP response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) to determine whether the transWSS response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in TAWSS across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in OSI across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Relative Residence Time (RRT) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Relative residence time (RRT) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in RRT across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in ECAP across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in transWSS across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

Investigadores

  • Investigador principal: Wan Zhang, MD, PhD, Huadong Hospital

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Inicio del estudio (Estimado)

1 de noviembre de 2026

Finalización primaria (Estimado)

1 de enero de 2027

Finalización del estudio (Estimado)

1 de enero de 2027

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

28 de septiembre de 2026

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

2 de octubre de 2026

Publicado por primera vez (Actual)

6 de octubre de 2026

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Actual)

6 de octubre de 2026

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

2 de octubre de 2026

Última verificación

1 de octubre de 2026

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • 2026K387

Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)

¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?

NO

Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio

Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .