Hemodynamic Characteristics of Peripheral Arterial Disease Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Analysis of Hemodynamic Characteristics in Peripheral Arterial Disease Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics
Peripheral arterial disease can reduce blood flow to the legs. This study will examine how blood flow patterns in the leg arteries differ between people with peripheral arterial disease and people without the disease.
Researchers will use existing computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and medical records from participants who previously received CTA as part of routine clinical care. Three-dimensional models of the leg arteries will be created from these images. Computer simulations will then be used to study how changes in blood flow entering the arteries and resistance in smaller downstream blood vessels affect blood flow patterns. The researchers will compare these responses between participants with and without peripheral arterial disease.
This study uses only existing medical records and images. No new participants will be recruited, and no additional examinations or treatments will be performed for research purposes. The goal is to better understand blood flow characteristics associated with peripheral arterial disease.
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Estado
Condiciones
Condiciones
Intervención / Tratamiento
Intervención / Tratamiento
Tipo de estudio
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Estimado)
Inscripción
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Estudio Contacto
Estudio Contacto
- Nombre: Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
- Número de teléfono: 021-62483180-571401
- Correo electrónico: ant0930@163.com
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Shanghai Municipality
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Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, Porcelana, 200040
- Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
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Contacto:
- Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
- Número de teléfono: 021-62483180-571401
- Correo electrónico: ant0930@163.com
-
Investigador principal:
- Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
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-
Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Géneros elegibles para el estudio
Método de muestreo
Población de estudio
Adults who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA) between January 1 and December 31, 2025, and met the eligibility criteria for either the peripheral artery disease (PAD) group or the healthy control group were retrospectively included. One patient-specific bilateral lower-extremity arterial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was constructed for each participant, and each participant and corresponding vascular model were treated as one independent study unit.
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥18 years.
- Participants who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA).
- PAD group: Diagnosis of lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD), defined by a resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤0.90.
- PAD group: For participants in whom ABI was inconclusive, including ABI >0.90 or ABI >1.40 due to medial arterial calcification, PAD was confirmed by lower-extremity CTA or Doppler ultrasound showing ≥50% arterial stenosis or complete occlusion.
- Control group: No symptoms suggestive of lower-extremity ischemia and no definite evidence of lower-extremity arterial stenosis or occlusion on CTA; ABI was used when necessary to further exclude PAD.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of lower-extremity arterial revascularization.
- Presence of other diseases that could substantially affect lower-extremity hemodynamics.
- CTA image quality insufficient for three-dimensional vascular reconstruction.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Modelos observacionales: CASE_CONTROL
- Perspectivas temporales: RETROSPECTIVE
Número de grupos/cohortes
Cohortes e Intervenciones
Grupo / CohorteGrupo / Cohorte |
Intervención / TratamientoIntervención / Tratamiento |
|---|---|
|
PAD Group
Participants with a clinical diagnosis of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease and available lower-extremity CTA images suitable for patient-specific three-dimensional arterial reconstruction. |
Patient-specific three-dimensional lower-extremity arterial models will be reconstructed from existing CTA images and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two independent single-factor simulation experiments will be performed: an inlet velocity experiment, in which the amplitude of the inlet pulsatile velocity waveform is varied while distal peripheral resistance is held constant, and a peripheral resistance experiment, in which distal peripheral resistance is varied while inlet velocity is held constant. These simulations are performed only on computational models and do not involve any clinical intervention, additional examination, or treatment of participants. |
|
Control Group
Participants without clinical evidence of peripheral arterial disease or significant lower-extremity arterial stenosis and with CTA images suitable for patient-specific three-dimensional arterial reconstruction. |
Patient-specific three-dimensional lower-extremity arterial models will be reconstructed from existing CTA images and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two independent single-factor simulation experiments will be performed: an inlet velocity experiment, in which the amplitude of the inlet pulsatile velocity waveform is varied while distal peripheral resistance is held constant, and a peripheral resistance experiment, in which distal peripheral resistance is varied while inlet velocity is held constant. These simulations are performed only on computational models and do not involve any clinical intervention, additional examination, or treatment of participants. |
¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
|
Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. TAWSS will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in TAWSS across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. OSI will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in OSI across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Relative Residence Time (RRT)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Relative residence time (RRT) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. RRT will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in RRT across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. ECAP will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in ECAP across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. transWSS will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in transWSS across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in TAWSS across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in OSI across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Relative Residence Time (RRT) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Relative residence time (RRT) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in RRT across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in ECAP across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in transWSS across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) to determine whether the TAWSS response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for oscillatory shear index (OSI) to determine whether the OSI response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Relative Residence Time (RRT)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for relative residence time (RRT) to determine whether the RRT response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) to determine whether the ECAP response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS)
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) to determine whether the transWSS response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in TAWSS across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in OSI across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Relative Residence Time (RRT) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Relative residence time (RRT) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in RRT across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in ECAP across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
|
Hemodynamic Response of Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Periodo de tiempo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in transWSS across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed. |
During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
|
Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Patrocinador
Investigadores
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Wan Zhang, MD, PhD, Huadong Hospital
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Estimado)
Inicio del estudio
Finalización primaria (Estimado)
Finalización primaria
Finalización del estudio (Estimado)
Finalización del estudio
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Publicado por primera vez
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización publicada
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales
Otros números de identificación del estudio
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- 2026K387
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
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Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
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