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Hemodynamic Characteristics of Peripheral Arterial Disease Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

2 de outubro de 2026 atualizado por: Zhijun Bao, Fudan University

Analysis of Hemodynamic Characteristics in Peripheral Arterial Disease Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

Peripheral arterial disease can reduce blood flow to the legs. This study will examine how blood flow patterns in the leg arteries differ between people with peripheral arterial disease and people without the disease.

Researchers will use existing computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and medical records from participants who previously received CTA as part of routine clinical care. Three-dimensional models of the leg arteries will be created from these images. Computer simulations will then be used to study how changes in blood flow entering the arteries and resistance in smaller downstream blood vessels affect blood flow patterns. The researchers will compare these responses between participants with and without peripheral arterial disease.

This study uses only existing medical records and images. No new participants will be recruited, and no additional examinations or treatments will be performed for research purposes. The goal is to better understand blood flow characteristics associated with peripheral arterial disease.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Ainda não está recrutando

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Tipo de estudo

Observacional

Inscrição (Estimado)

14

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Contato de estudo

  • Nome: Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
  • Número de telefone: 021-62483180-571401
  • E-mail: ant0930@163.com

Locais de estudo

    • Shanghai Municipality
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China, 200040
        • Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
        • Contato:
          • Wan Zhang, MD, PhD
          • Número de telefone: 021-62483180-571401
          • E-mail: ant0930@163.com
        • Investigador principal:
          • Wan Zhang, MD, PhD

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

18 anos e mais velhos (Adulto, Adulto mais velho)

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Não

Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo

Tudo

Método de amostragem

Amostra Não Probabilística

População do estudo

Adults who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA) between January 1 and December 31, 2025, and met the eligibility criteria for either the peripheral artery disease (PAD) group or the healthy control group were retrospectively included. One patient-specific bilateral lower-extremity arterial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was constructed for each participant, and each participant and corresponding vascular model were treated as one independent study unit.

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥18 years.
  • Participants who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA).
  • PAD group: Diagnosis of lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD), defined by a resting ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤0.90.
  • PAD group: For participants in whom ABI was inconclusive, including ABI >0.90 or ABI >1.40 due to medial arterial calcification, PAD was confirmed by lower-extremity CTA or Doppler ultrasound showing ≥50% arterial stenosis or complete occlusion.
  • Control group: No symptoms suggestive of lower-extremity ischemia and no definite evidence of lower-extremity arterial stenosis or occlusion on CTA; ABI was used when necessary to further exclude PAD.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of lower-extremity arterial revascularization.
  • Presence of other diseases that could substantially affect lower-extremity hemodynamics.
  • CTA image quality insufficient for three-dimensional vascular reconstruction.

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Modelos de observação: CASE_CONTROL
  • Perspectivas de Tempo: RETROSPECTIVE

Coortes e Intervenções

Grupo / Coorte
Intervenção / Tratamento
PAD Group

Participants with a clinical diagnosis of lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease and available lower-extremity CTA images suitable for patient-specific three-dimensional arterial reconstruction.

Patient-specific three-dimensional lower-extremity arterial models will be reconstructed from existing CTA images and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two independent single-factor simulation experiments will be performed: an inlet velocity experiment, in which the amplitude of the inlet pulsatile velocity waveform is varied while distal peripheral resistance is held constant, and a peripheral resistance experiment, in which distal peripheral resistance is varied while inlet velocity is held constant. These simulations are performed only on computational models and do not involve any clinical intervention, additional examination, or treatment of participants.

Control Group

Participants without clinical evidence of peripheral arterial disease or significant lower-extremity arterial stenosis and with CTA images suitable for patient-specific three-dimensional arterial reconstruction.

Patient-specific three-dimensional lower-extremity arterial models will be reconstructed from existing CTA images and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two independent single-factor simulation experiments will be performed: an inlet velocity experiment, in which the amplitude of the inlet pulsatile velocity waveform is varied while distal peripheral resistance is held constant, and a peripheral resistance experiment, in which distal peripheral resistance is varied while inlet velocity is held constant. These simulations are performed only on computational models and do not involve any clinical intervention, additional examination, or treatment of participants.

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. TAWSS will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in TAWSS across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. OSI will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in OSI across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Relative Residence Time (RRT)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Relative residence time (RRT) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. RRT will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in RRT across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. ECAP will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in ECAP across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be derived from patient-specific computational fluid dynamics simulations of the lower-extremity arteries. transWSS will be evaluated across predefined inlet pulsatile velocity and distal peripheral resistance levels. Changes in transWSS across parameter levels and differences in hemodynamic responses between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Hemodynamic Response of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in TAWSS across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in OSI across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Relative Residence Time (RRT) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Relative residence time (RRT) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in RRT across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in ECAP across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS) to Changes in Distal Peripheral Resistance
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of distal peripheral resistance. Inlet pulsatile velocity will be held constant during the peripheral resistance experiment. Changes in transWSS across distal peripheral resistance levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) to determine whether the TAWSS response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for oscillatory shear index (OSI) to determine whether the OSI response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Relative Residence Time (RRT)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for relative residence time (RRT) to determine whether the RRT response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) to determine whether the ECAP response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Interaction Between Study Group and Hemodynamic Parameter Level for Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS)
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Group-by-parameter-level interactions will be evaluated for transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) to determine whether the transWSS response to changes in inlet pulsatile velocity or distal peripheral resistance differs between the PAD and control groups.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Time-Averaged Wall Shear Stress (TAWSS) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in TAWSS across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Oscillatory Shear Index (OSI) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Oscillatory shear index (OSI) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in OSI across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Relative Residence Time (RRT) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Relative residence time (RRT) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in RRT across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Endothelial Cell Activation Potential (ECAP) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in ECAP across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027
Hemodynamic Response of Transverse Wall Shear Stress (transWSS) to Changes in Inlet Pulsatile Velocity
Prazo: During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Transverse wall shear stress (transWSS) will be evaluated across predefined levels of inlet pulsatile velocity while distal peripheral resistance is held constant. Changes in transWSS across inlet pulsatile velocity levels and differences in response patterns between the PAD and control groups will be analyzed.

During CFD simulation analysis, through January 2027

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Investigadores

  • Investigador principal: Wan Zhang, MD, PhD, Huadong Hospital

Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Estimado)

1 de novembro de 2026

Conclusão Primária (Estimado)

1 de janeiro de 2027

Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)

1 de janeiro de 2027

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

28 de setembro de 2026

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

2 de outubro de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

6 de outubro de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

6 de outubro de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

2 de outubro de 2026

Última verificação

1 de outubro de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • 2026K387

Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)

Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?

NÃO

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .