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Effect of Meal Sequence and Eating Speed on Blood Glucose After Eating Western Breakfast Among Healthy Young Adults

Impact of Meal Sequence and Eating Speed on Postprandial Glycemic Response of an Isocaloric Western Breakfast Among Healthy Young Adults

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effects of meal sequence(the order in which carbohydrates/starches and non-starchy vegetables are consumed) and eating speed(slow or fast) on postprandial blood glucose response in healthy young adults (n=22) aged 20-25 years. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Does consuming carbohydrate-containing foods before or after non-starchy vegetables influence postprandial blood glucose response?
  • Does eating a standardized breakfast slowly (over approximately 20 minutes) or quickly (over approximately 10 minutes) affect postprandial blood glucose response?
  • Do meal sequence and eating speed together influence postprandial glycemic response? Researchers will compare four breakfast conditions combining two meal sequences (carbohydrate-first and non-starchy vegetable-first) with two eating speeds (slow and fast) to determine their individual and combined effects on postprandial metabolic responses.

Participants will:

  • Consume a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast under four different experimental conditions.
  • Consume the breakfast in the assigned food order and within the specified eating duration during each experimental visit.
  • Attend four experimental visits in a randomized order, with a washout period between visits.
  • Provide blood samples before and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption to assess blood glucose levels.
  • Undergo assessment of serum insulin and triglyceride responses according to the study protocol.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Aún no reclutando

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Tipo de estudio

Intervencionista

Inscripción (Estimado)

22

Fase

  • No aplica

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Estudio Contacto

  • Nombre: Humaira Ashraf, M.Phil food & nutrition
  • Número de teléfono: +92 3356312424
  • Correo electrónico: humairaashraf602@gmail.com

Ubicaciones de estudio

    • Punjab Province
      • Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistán
        • University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Paksitan
        • Contacto:
        • Contacto:

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

18 años a 25 años (Adulto)

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

Sí

Géneros elegibles para el estudio

Masculino

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria:

Healthy male adults aged 18-25 years, with a BMI of 18.0-24.9 kg/m², without known diseases, regular medication use, or allergies to study food ingredients.

Exclusion Criteria:

Individuals with diabetes or other diagnosed diseases, those using medications, following specific diets, or having dietary restrictions or allergies to study food ingredients will be excluded.

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

  • Propósito principal: Ciencia básica
  • Asignación: Aleatorizado
  • Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación cruzada
  • Enmascaramiento: Ninguno (etiqueta abierta)

Armas e Intervenciones

Grupo de participantes/brazo
Intervención / Tratamiento
Experimental: Sequence 1: A-B-D-C

Arm 1 - Sequence 1 (A-B-D-C): A: Carbohydrate-first + slow eating (20 minutes); B: Carbohydrate-first + fast eating (10 minutes) ; C: Vegetable-first + slow eating (20 minutes) ; D: Vegetable-first + fast eating (10 minutes). Participants receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables, in the sequence as :carbohydrate-first with slow eating, carbohydrate-first with fast eating, vegetable-first with fast eating, and vegetable-first with slow eating, in that order, over four weekly visits.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of the standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Experimental: Sequence 2: B-C-A-D

Arm 2: Sequence 2 (B-C-A-D) A: Carbohydrate-first + slow eating (20 minutes); B: Carbohydrate-first + fast eating (10 minutes) ; C: Vegetable-first + slow eating (20 minutes) ; D: Vegetable-first + fast eating (10 minutes).

Experimental arm. Participants receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables, in the following order: carbohydrate-first with fast eating, vegetable-first with slow eating, carbohydrate-first with slow eating, and vegetable-first with fast eating.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of the standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Experimental: Sequence 3: C-D-B-A

Arm 3 - Sequence 3 (C-D-B-A): A: Carbohydrate-first + slow eating (20 minutes); B: Carbohydrate-first + fast eating (10 minutes) ; C: Vegetable-first + slow eating (20 minutes) ; D: Vegetable-first + fast eating (10 minutes). Participants receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables, in the sequence as: vegetable-first with slow eating, vegetable-first with fast eating, carbohydrate-first with fast eating, and carbohydrate-first with slow eating, in that order, over four weekly visits.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of the standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Experimental: Sequence 4: D-A-C-B A:

Arm 4: Sequence 4 (D-A-C-B) Experimental arm: A: Carbohydrate-first + slow eating (20 minutes); B: Carbohydrate-first + fast eating (10 minutes) ; C: Vegetable-first + slow eating (20 minutes) ; D: Vegetable-first + fast eating (10 minutes). Participants receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables in the following order: vegetable-first with fast eating, carbohydrate-first with slow eating, vegetable-first with slow eating, and carbohydrate-first with fast eating.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of the standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the carbohydrate-containing portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed slowly over approximately 20 minutes.

Participants will receive an Isocaloric breakfast containg toasted white bread, scrambled eggs and stir fired non-starchy vegetables. Participants will consume the non-starchy vegetable portion of a standardized, isocaloric Western-style breakfast first, followed by the remaining meal components. The entire breakfast is to be consumed quickly over approximately 10 minutes.

¿Qué mide el estudio?

Medidas de resultado primarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Change in Postprandial Blood Glucose Incremental Area Under the Curve (iAUC) from 0 to 120 Minutes Across Four Breakfast Conditions
Periodo de tiempo: At baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption during each of the four intervention visits (approximately 4 weeks).

Measurement details: Blood glucose concentrations measured at baseline (0 minutes) and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) will be calculated to compare postprandial glycemic responses across the four conditions.

At baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption during each of the four intervention visits (approximately 4 weeks).

Medidas de resultado secundarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Postprandial Serum Insulin Response Across Four Breakfast Conditions.
Periodo de tiempo: At baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption during each intervention visit.

Serum insulin concentrations will be assessed following consumption of each breakfast condition to evaluate differences in postprandial insulin responses associated with meal sequence and eating speed.

At baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption during each intervention visit.
Postprandial Serum Triglyceride Response Across Four Breakfast Conditions
Periodo de tiempo: At baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption during each intervention visit.

Serum triglyceride concentrations will be assessed following consumption of each breakfast condition to compare postprandial lipid responses associated with meal sequence and eating speed.

At baseline and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast consumption during each intervention visit.

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Inicio del estudio (Estimado)

1 de diciembre de 2026

Finalización primaria (Estimado)

1 de marzo de 2027

Finalización del estudio (Estimado)

1 de marzo de 2027

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

5 de noviembre de 2026

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

5 de noviembre de 2026

Publicado por primera vez (Actual)

12 de noviembre de 2026

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Actual)

12 de noviembre de 2026

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

5 de noviembre de 2026

Última verificación

1 de octubre de 2026

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • MealSequence-GlycemicResponse

Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)

¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?

NO

Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio

Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.

No

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .