Terapia ormonale sostitutiva negli adolescenti con insufficienza ovarica prematura

Study Description:

This is a study of adolescents with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and their response to hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Objectives:

Primary:

To identify the phenotype and associated genotype of adolescents with POI at the time of diagnosis, including assessment of overall bone health of participants pre- and post-HRT treatment with respect to bone mineral density (BMD) and other skeletal endpoints.

Bone Health:

-Follow patients with POI for bone health assessments:

• Measure BMD at different skeletal sites, including the central skeleton (lumbar spine, total body less head, and hip - femoral neck and total hip)
• Perform vertebral fracture assessment (VFA)
• Determine body composition of lean body and fat mass (total body) and correlate with BMD.
• Assess skin pigmentation and muscle grip strength and correlate with BMD

Secondary:

Bone Health

-Follow patients with POI for bone health assessments:

• Measure BMD at peripheral skeleton (radius and tibia)
• Evaluate bone microarchitecture and strength of the radius and tibia.

Metabolic Phenotype:

• Follow patients with POI for metabolic assessment:

  • Insulin resistance
  • Cardiovascular risk
  • Lipid profiles
  • Bone turnover

Muscle Phenotype:

-Follow patients with POI for muscle function assessment:

• Determine hand grip muscle strength
• Evaluate lean body mass (by DXA) to determine muscle mass

Cardiovascular Health

-Follow patients with POI for a cardiovascular evaluation:

• Electrophysiologic parameters (from 12-lead EKG)
• Arterial stiffness (by Pulse Wave Velocity, PWV)
• Coagulation studies to determine the impact of HRT on clotting function

Genetic profiling:

-If obtained, assess the baseline genotype of patients with POI to correlate with BMD and other health outcomes

--If subjects are co-enrolled on NIAID protocol 17I0122, utilize that genetic sequencing data to associate with genotype and response of multiple health outcomes to HRT.

Quality of Life:

-Follow patients with POI for evaluation of an individual s perception of their life quality and health:

• Evaluate the individual s perceived occupational performance in self-care, productivity, and leisure
• Evaluate the individual s occupations or hobbies that align with their interests

Psychological health:

-Follow patients with POI for evaluation of an individual s mood and well-being:

• Measure symptoms and severity of depression
• Measure the state and trait components of anxiety

Menopause profile:

-Follow patients with POI for determining signs and symptoms of menopause:

• Evaluate reproductive hormonal changes
• Assess menopausal symptoms and their severity
• Evaluate vaginal health

Hormone Replacement Therapy:

-Follow patients with POI longitudinally to determine the most effective HRT management:

• Evaluate dosage, delivery, combination of HRT
• Evaluate effects of HRT on bone, cardiovascular, metabolic, gynecologic, and psychological health

Endpoints:

Primary:

Longitudinal evaluation of BMD of the central skeleton (lumbar spine).

As secondary measures of bone health, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of skeletal sites other than the spine (DXA - hip/total body) will be evaluated longitudinally in POI participants and their BMD compared to healthy control participants. Using DXA, vertebral fractures assessment (VFA) will be performed in POI participants and compared to healthy control participants. In addition, BMD will be evaluated with respect to skin pigmentation and muscle grip strength.

Secondary:

• High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) bone density and strength measures by HRpQCT of the peripheral skeleton (radius and tibia) will be evaluated longitudinally in participants with POI and their BMD compared to healthy control participants.
• Compare metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in participants with POI to healthy controls.
• Compare muscle phenotype in participants with POI to healthy controls by measuring muscle strength using hand grip dynamometry and measuring lean body mass (as measure of total body muscle mass) by DXA.
• Compare repolarization changes (by 12-lead EKG), arterial stiffness (by PWV) and coagulation parameters in participants with POI to healthy controls.
• Compare genetic background of participants with POI to healthy controls using whole genome sequencing.
• Evaluate quality of life with Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and Interest Checklist questionnaires.
• Evaluate psychological health of participants with POI compared to healthy controls using the Beck Depression Inventory and Spielberger State/Trait Anxiety Inventory.
• Evaluate menopausal profile in participants with POI compared to healthy controls by detecting changes in ovarian hormonal levels and correlating with responses on the Menopause Rating Scale, and vaginal cytology and degree of atrophy after HRT compared to baseline (and participants vs. controls).
• Compare health effects from a typical clinical HRT regiment over the course of 2 years of administration.