ベルベリンによる統合失調症の認知機能障害改善

介入なし：対照群

実験的：ベルベリングループ

薬：Berberine

Patients in the berberine group received berberine hydrochloride tablets (100 mg/tablet), three tablets three times daily.

他の名前：

• 安定した抗精神病薬

Change in the MCCB Overall Composite Score

MCCB is a standardized measurement tool for assessing cognitive function in schizophrenia. There are 9 subtests, which mainly assess 7 cognitive domains, including information processing speed, attention/alertness, Working memory, word learning, visual memory, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. After the evaluation is completed, the MCCB rough score is converted into the total score T score obtained after correction for age, gender, years of education, and untreated period. The T score is then converted into a defect score, with T scores ≥ 40, 35-39, 30-34, 25-29, 20-24, and ≤ 19 corresponding to defect scores 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Among them, 1 represents mild defects, 2 represents mild to moderate defects, 3 represents moderate defects, 4 represents moderate to severe defects, and 5 represents severe defects. In this study, a defect score of ≥ 3 was used as the boundary for significant cognitive impairment.

CRPの変化

C反応性蛋白質（CRP）の濃度は静脈血で測定されます。 CRPは肝臓で合成される急性期反応タンパク質であり、主に病原体や損傷した細胞を認識・除去する機能を持ちます。 炎症反応、感染監視、疾患モニタリングにおいて重要な役割を果たします。

便マクロゲンシーケンシング(FMS)の変化

患者の糞便サンプルから全ゲノムDNAを抽出し、品質管理を実施しました。 品質が確認されたDNAは、Covaris超音波破砕装置を用いて約350 bpにランダムに断片化され、ライブラリを生成しました。これらはQubitとqPCRによって定量されました。 ライブラリQCの後、プールされたライブラリはIllumina NovaSeqプラットフォーム（PE150）でシーケンスされました。 生のシーケンスデータは品質管理を受けた後、アセンブリと遺伝子予測を経て、非冗長遺伝子セットを構築しました。 遺伝子はその後、分類学的および機能的クラス分けのためにアノテーションされ、存在量統計が計算されました。 類似性クラスタリング、グループ順序付け、および差動比較を含む統計分析が、サンプルおよびサンプルグループに対して実施されました。

Change from baseline in scores on the remaining MCCB domains

MCCB is a standardized measurement tool for assessing cognitive function in schizophrenia. There are 9 subtests, which mainly assess 7 cognitive domains, including information processing speed, attention/alertness, Working memory, word learning, visual memory, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. After the evaluation is completed, the MCCB rough score is converted into the total score T score obtained after correction for age, gender, years of education, and untreated period.

Psychiatric Symptoms

The psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia were assessed in all enrolled patients using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The PANSS is a 30-item clinician-rated scale yielding a total score ranging from 30 (least symptomatic) to 210 (symptomatic), where higher scores indicate more severe psychopathology.

Depressive Symptoms

The Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24) was used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. Each item was scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (severe); the total score ranged from 0 to 76, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms.

Anxiety Symptoms

The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) is used to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe), with a total score range of 0-56. Higher scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms.

Changes in plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids.

Week 12 changes in plasma short-chain fatty acid levels from baseline.

Changes in plasma bile acid levels

Week 12 changes in plasma bile acid from baseline.

Changes in plasma tryptophan levels

Week 12 changes in plasma tryptophan from baseline.

Changes in glycolipid levels

Glucose and lipid levels were measured at Weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12.

Weight changes

Weight was measured at Weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12.