베르베린이 정신분열증의 인지 장애 개선에 미치는 영향

간섭 없음: 대조군

실험적: 베르베린 그룹

의약품: Berberine

Patients in the berberine group received berberine hydrochloride tablets (100 mg/tablet), three tablets three times daily.

다른 이름들:

• 안정적인 항정신병제

Change in the MCCB Overall Composite Score

MCCB is a standardized measurement tool for assessing cognitive function in schizophrenia. There are 9 subtests, which mainly assess 7 cognitive domains, including information processing speed, attention/alertness, Working memory, word learning, visual memory, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. After the evaluation is completed, the MCCB rough score is converted into the total score T score obtained after correction for age, gender, years of education, and untreated period. The T score is then converted into a defect score, with T scores ≥ 40, 35-39, 30-34, 25-29, 20-24, and ≤ 19 corresponding to defect scores 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Among them, 1 represents mild defects, 2 represents mild to moderate defects, 3 represents moderate defects, 4 represents moderate to severe defects, and 5 represents severe defects. In this study, a defect score of ≥ 3 was used as the boundary for significant cognitive impairment.

CRP 변화

C-반응성 단백질(CRP)의 농도는 정맥혈에서 측정됩니다. CRP는 간에서 합성되는 급성기 반응 단백질로, 주로 병원체나 손상된 세포를 인식하고 제거하는 기능을 합니다. 이는 염증 반응, 감염 감시 및 질병 모니터링에서 중요한 역할을 합니다.

분변 마크로진 시퀀싱(FMS)의 변화

환자 분변 샘플에서 총 유전체 DNA를 추출하여 품질 관리를 수행하였습니다. 적격 DNA는 Covaris 초음파 분쇄기를 사용하여 약 350bp 크기로 무작위 절단하여 라이브러리를 생성하였으며, Qubit 및 qPCR로 정량화하였습니다. 라이브러리 품질 관리 후, 풀링된 라이브러리를 Illumina NovaSeq 플랫폼(PE150)으로 시퀀싱하였습니다. 원시 시퀀싱 데이터는 품질 관리를 거쳐 어셈블리 및 유전자 예측을 수행하여 중복되지 않은 유전자 세트를 구성하였습니다. 이후 유전자에 대해 분류학적 및 기능적 분류를 주석 처리하고 풍부도 통계를 계산하였습니다. 표본 및 표본 그룹에 대해 유사성 클러스터링, 그룹 정렬 및 차등 비교를 포함한 통계 분석을 수행하였습니다.

Change from baseline in scores on the remaining MCCB domains

MCCB is a standardized measurement tool for assessing cognitive function in schizophrenia. There are 9 subtests, which mainly assess 7 cognitive domains, including information processing speed, attention/alertness, Working memory, word learning, visual memory, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. After the evaluation is completed, the MCCB rough score is converted into the total score T score obtained after correction for age, gender, years of education, and untreated period.

Psychiatric Symptoms

The psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia were assessed in all enrolled patients using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The PANSS is a 30-item clinician-rated scale yielding a total score ranging from 30 (least symptomatic) to 210 (symptomatic), where higher scores indicate more severe psychopathology.

Depressive Symptoms

The Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24) was used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. Each item was scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (severe); the total score ranged from 0 to 76, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms.

Anxiety Symptoms

The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) is used to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (very severe), with a total score range of 0-56. Higher scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms.

Changes in plasma levels of short-chain fatty acids.

Week 12 changes in plasma short-chain fatty acid levels from baseline.

Changes in plasma bile acid levels

Week 12 changes in plasma bile acid from baseline.

Changes in plasma tryptophan levels

Week 12 changes in plasma tryptophan from baseline.

Changes in glycolipid levels

Glucose and lipid levels were measured at Weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12.

Weight changes

Weight was measured at Weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12.