멕시코시티의 당뇨병 및 심혈관 위험(샌안토니오 심장 연구)
2016년 3월 7일 업데이트: The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
멕시코인과 멕시코계 미국인의 당뇨병 및 심혈관 위험에 기여하는 비만 이외의 요인을 확인합니다.
특정 수준의 비만에서 멕시코계 미국인이 앵글로족보다 인슐린 저항성이 더 높을 것이며 멕시코계 미국인의 인슐린 저항성은 아메리카 원주민 조상의 정도에 비례한다는 가설을 테스트합니다.
연구 개요
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상세 설명
배경:
현재 연구는 이 교부금에 따라 지원되는 초기 San Antonio 심장 연구 1이 선행되었습니다. 샌안토니오 심장 연구 1은 1979년부터 1982년까지 실시된 멕시코계 미국인 및 비 히스패닉계 백인의 당뇨병 및 심혈관 위험 요인에 대한 인구 기반 조사입니다. 참가자에는 24세에서 64세 사이의 모든 남성과 임신하지 않은 여성이 포함되었으며, 이들은 샌안토니오의 사회문화적으로 구별되는 세 지역에서 무작위로 표본 추출한 가구에 거주했습니다. 저소득 바리오 주민들은 거의 전적으로 전통적인 멕시코계 미국인이었습니다. 중산층 동네는 같은 수의 멕시코계 미국인과 영국인으로 인종적으로 균형을 이룬 반면, 상위 소득 교외 지역은 약 90%가 영국인이었습니다. 측정된 위험 요인에는 비만, 포도당 불내성, 고중성지방혈증, 낮은 수준의 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤 및 혈압이 포함되었습니다. 의학적 검사를 받은 총 사람 수는 2,386명으로 다음과 같이 나뉩니다. 멕시코계 미국인 1,288명; 929 앵글로스; 그리고 쿠바인과 같은 169명의 다른 히스패닉. 샌안토니오 심장 연구는 멕시코계 미국인이 점점 더 부유해지고 '주류' 미국 문화에 적응함에 따라 비만, 당뇨병 및 고중성지방혈증과 같은 심혈관 위험 요인의 당뇨병 패턴을 점차 잃을 것이라는 가설을 테스트하기 위해 고안되었습니다.
디자인 내러티브:
1979년부터 참가자를 선택하기 위해 무작위 표본이 수행되었습니다. 비만에 대한 두 그룹을 일치시키기 위해 샘플링을 수행하여 비만의 교란 효과와 독립적으로 당뇨병 및 심혈관 위험 요인의 인종적 차이를 분석할 수 있었습니다. 선발된 자를 대상으로 이동진료소에서 면접 및 건강검진을 실시하였다. 인터뷰는 당뇨병 및 심혈관 위험의 개인 및 가족력, 심혈관 위험 요인에 대한 지식 및 태도, 식이 설문지, Rose Angina 설문지, 간헐적 파행 설문지 및 약물 병력으로 구성되었습니다. 건강 검진은 인체 측정, 혈장 포도당, 혈장 인슐린, 헤모글로빈, 혈청 콜레스테롤, 중성 지방, HDL, LDL 및 VLDL, 유전 표지자, 혈압, 피부색 및 심전도로 구성되었습니다. 400명의 당뇨병 환자가 당뇨병 기억 검사를 허용하기 위해 연구의 4년 동안 이용 가능할 것으로 추정되었습니다. 당뇨병 회상 검사의 목적은 눈, 신장, 말초 및 자율 신경계, 말초 혈관계와 관련된 당뇨병의 가능한 말단 장기 합병증을 평가하는 것입니다. 이 평가는 전향적 발병률 연구에 사용된 당뇨병 환자에 대한 기본 데이터를 제공했습니다. 1989년부터 제2형 당뇨병과 심혈관 위험 요인에 대한 유병률 조사가 멕시코시티의 저소득 지역에서 실시되었습니다. 이 인구에 대해 수집된 정보에는 인구 통계학적 데이터, 사회경제적 상태, 문화 적응 수준, 병력, 식이요법, 운동 및 흡연이 포함되었습니다. 신체검사에는 혈압, 비만도, 체지방분포, 피부색 측정이 포함되었다. 실험실 검사에는 지질 및 지단백질 측정, 경구 포도당 내성 검사, 공복 및 포도당 부하 후 인슐린 농도 및 유전자 마커가 포함되었습니다.
1989 회계연도부터 Michael Stern과 동료들은 멕시코시티의 저소득 지역에서 제2형 진성 당뇨병과 심혈관 위험 요인에 대한 역학 연구를 수행하고 그 결과를 샌안토니오에서 얻은 결과와 비교했습니다. 그들은 인구통계, 사회경제적 지위, 문화적응 수준, 병력, 식이요법, 운동, 흡연을 포함한 건강 습관에 대한 데이터를 얻기 위해 피험자를 모집하고 인터뷰했습니다. 신체 검사에는 혈압, 비만, 체지방 분포, 피부색이 포함되었으며 후자는 아메리카 원주민 유전 혼합 비율을 추정하기 위한 것입니다. 실험실 검사에는 지질 및 지단백질 측정, National Diabetes Data Group 기준에 따라 당뇨병의 유병률을 결정하기 위한 경구 포도당 내성 검사, 공복 및 포도당 부하 후 인슐린 농도, 유전자 마커가 포함되었습니다.
이 연구는 1996년부터 2001년 8월까지 갱신되었습니다. 기준선에서 35-64세인 2,296명의 멕시코 남성 및 여성 코호트에 대한 3.25년 추적 검사(FU1)가 완료되었습니다. 코호트는 3.25년 간격(기준선 이후 6.5년(FU2) 및 9.75년(FU3))으로 재검사되었습니다. 연구자들은 후기(전환 전 3.25년 이하) 전당뇨병 기간보다 초기(당뇨병으로 전환 전 3.25년 이상)에 다른 위험 요인이 우세하다는 가설을 테스트했습니다. 그들은 당뇨병 전단계 초기에는 인슐린 저항성 증후군과 관련된 위험 요인, 즉 높은 "특이한" 인슐린 농도(특정 면역분석법으로 측정), 고중성지방혈증, 낮은 HDL-콜레스테롤 및 고혈압이 우세한 반면 후기 당뇨병 전단계에서는 위험 요인이 우세할 것이라고 가정했습니다. 인슐린 분비 부전과 관련된 기간 요인, 즉 증가된 프로인슐린과 낮은 "특정" 인슐린이 우세할 것입니다.
Michael Stern과 동료들은 FU1에서 모든 피험자에 대해 초음파촬영으로 경동맥 벽 두께를 평가하고 FU2에서 이것을 반복할 계획이었습니다. 그들은 최종 당화산물(AGE)-변형 아포지단백 B와 염증 위험 인자 패널(혈청 알부민, 혈청 아밀로이드 A, 알파1 산 당단백질 및 C-반응성 단백질)을 기준선 및 FU1에서 저장된 우발 표본에서 측정하여 결정했습니다. 이러한 요인이 경동맥 벽의 가속화된 비후 및/또는 II형 당뇨병의 발달을 예측하는 경우. 그들은 또한 "공통 토양" 가설, 즉 제2형 당뇨병과 죽상동맥경화증 둘 다 공통의 유전적 및 환경적 선조를 갖는다는 가설에 의해 예측된 바와 같이 임상적 당뇨병에 선행하는 경동맥 벽 두께 및 ECG 기록 심근경색의 범위를 정량화했습니다.
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수사관
- Michael Stern, University of Texas
간행물 및 유용한 링크
연구에 대한 정보 입력을 담당하는 사람이 자발적으로 이러한 간행물을 제공합니다. 이것은 연구와 관련된 모든 것에 관한 것일 수 있습니다.
일반 간행물
- Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Morales PA, Stern MP. Prospective analysis of the insulin-resistance syndrome (syndrome X). Diabetes. 1992 Jun;41(6):715-22. doi: 10.2337/diab.41.6.715.
- Haffner SM, Gonzales C, Valdez RA, Mykkanen L, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Monterrosa A, Stern MP. Is microalbuminuria part of the prediabetic state? The Mexico City Diabetes Study. Diabetologia. 1993 Oct;36(10):1002-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02374491.
- Haffner SM, Diehl AK, Valdez R, Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP, Morales P, Stern MP. Clinical gallbladder disease in NIDDM subjects. Relationship to duration of diabetes and severity of glycemia. Diabetes Care. 1993 Sep;16(9):1276-84. doi: 10.2337/diacare.16.9.1276.
- Stern MP, Valdez RA, Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP. Stability over time of modern diagnostic criteria for type II diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1993 Jul;16(7):978-83. doi: 10.2337/diacare.16.7.978.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Stern MP, Valdez RA, Heisserman JA, Bowsher RR. Relationship of proinsulin and insulin to cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes. 1993 Sep;42(9):1297-302. doi: 10.2337/diab.42.9.1297.
- Stern MP, Morales PA, Valdez RA, Monterrosa A, Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP. Predicting diabetes. Moving beyond impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes. 1993 May;42(5):706-14. doi: 10.2337/diab.42.5.706.
- Haffner SM, Morales PA, Gruber MK, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Cardiovascular risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects with microalbuminuria. Arterioscler Thromb. 1993 Feb;13(2):205-10. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.13.2.205.
- Morales PA, Mitchell BD, Valdez RA, Hazuda HP, Stern MP, Haffner SM. Incidence of NIDDM and impaired glucose tolerance in hypertensive subjects. The San Antonio Heart Study. Diabetes. 1993 Jan;42(1):154-61. doi: 10.2337/diab.42.1.154.
- Haffner SM, Morales PA, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Level of control of hypertension in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Hypertension. 1993 Jan;21(1):83-8. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.21.1.83.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Stern MP. Relatively more atherogenic coronary heart disease risk factors in prediabetic women than in prediabetic men. Diabetologia. 1997 Jun;40(6):711-7. doi: 10.1007/s001250050738.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Stern MP. Are risk factors for conversion to NIDDM similar in high and low risk populations? Diabetologia. 1997 Jan;40(1):62-6. doi: 10.1007/s001250050643.
- Wei M, Stern MP, Haffner SM. Serum leptin levels in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites: association with body mass index and cigarette smoking. Ann Epidemiol. 1997 Feb;7(2):81-6. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00114-7.
- Wei M, Gaskill SP, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Waist circumference as the best predictor of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) compared to body mass index, waist/hip ratio and other anthropometric measurements in Mexican Americans--a 7-year prospective study. Obes Res. 1997 Jan;5(1):16-23. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00278.x.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Gaskill SP, Stern MP. Decreased insulin action and insulin secretion predict the development of impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetologia. 1996 Oct;39(10):1201-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02658507.
- Wei M, Valdez RA, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. Migration status, socioeconomic status, and mortality rates in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites: the San Antonio Heart Study. Ann Epidemiol. 1996 Jul;6(4):307-13. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00026-9.
- Haffner SM, Gingerich RL, Miettinen H, Stern MP. Leptin concentrations in relation to overall adiposity and regional body fat distribution in Mexican Americans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996 Oct;20(10):904-8.
- Wei M, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Effects of cigarette smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, and hypertension on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in Mexican Americans. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Dec 1;144(11):1058-65. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008878.
- Wei M, Gonzalez C, Haffner SM, O'Leary DH, Stern MP. Ultrasonographically assessed maximum carotid artery wall thickness in Mexico City residents and Mexican Americans living in San Antonio, Texas. Association with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996 Nov;16(11):1388-92. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.16.11.1388.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz S, Islas Andrade S, Revilla C, Gonzalez Villalpando ME, Rivera Martinez D. Nephropathy in low income diabetics: the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Arch Med Res. 1996 Autumn;27(3):367-72.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Gaskill SP, Stern MP. Metabolic precursors of hypertension. The San Antonio Heart Study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Sep 23;156(17):1994-2001.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz S, Haffner S. Undiagnosed hypercholesterolemia: a serious health challenge. The Mexico City Diabetes Study. Arch Med Res. 1996 Spring;27(1):19-23.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Miettinen H, Robbins D, Howard BV. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and LDL size in a biethnic population. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996 Sep;16(9):1184-8. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.16.9.1184.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Stern MP, Agil A, Jialal I. Plasma oxidizability in Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Metabolism. 1996 Jul;45(7):876-81. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90163-8.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Stern MP. Insulin secretion and resistance in nondiabetic Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites with a parental history of diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 May;81(5):1846-51. doi: 10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626845.
- Haffner SM, Agil A, Mykkanen L, Stern MP, Jialal I. Plasma oxidizability in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1995 May;18(5):646-53. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.5.646.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Robbins D, Valdez R, Miettinen H, Howard BV, Stern MP, Bowsher R. A preponderance of small dense LDL is associated with specific insulin, proinsulin and the components of the insulin resistance syndrome in non-diabetic subjects. Diabetologia. 1995 Nov;38(11):1328-36. doi: 10.1007/BF00401766.
- Valdez R, Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Differential impact of obesity in related populations. Obes Res. 1995 Sep;3 Suppl 2:223s-232s. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00468.x.
- Monterrosa AE, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. Sex difference in lifestyle factors predictive of diabetes in Mexican-Americans. Diabetes Care. 1995 Apr;18(4):448-56. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.4.448.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Gaskill SP, Stern MP. Decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance are independently related to the 7-year risk of NIDDM in Mexican-Americans. Diabetes. 1995 Dec;44(12):1386-91. doi: 10.2337/diab.44.12.1386.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Miettinen H, Gingerich R, Bowsher RR. Higher proinsulin and specific insulin are both associated with a parental history of diabetes in nondiabetic Mexican-American subjects. Diabetes. 1995 Oct;44(10):1156-60. doi: 10.2337/diab.44.10.1156.
- Valdez R, Howard BV, Stern MP, Haffner SM. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and insulin levels in a biethnic population. Diabetes Care. 1995 Jul;18(7):992-1000. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.7.992.
- Mitchell BD, Gonzalez Villalpando C, Arredondo Perez B, Garcia MS, Valdez R, Stern MP. Myocardial infarction and cardiovascular risk factors in Mexico City and San Antonio, Texas. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995 Jun;15(6):721-5. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.15.6.721.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK. Incidence of type II diabetes in Mexican Americans predicted by fasting insulin and glucose levels, obesity, and body-fat distribution. Diabetes. 1990 Mar;39(3):283-8. doi: 10.2337/diab.39.3.283.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK. Cardiovascular risk factors in confirmed prediabetic individuals. Does the clock for coronary heart disease start ticking before the onset of clinical diabetes? JAMA. 1990 Jun 6;263(21):2893-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.263.21.2893.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Gruber MK, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK. Microalbuminuria. Potential marker for increased cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic subjects? Arteriosclerosis. 1990 Sep-Oct;10(5):727-31. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.10.5.727.
- Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Patterson JK, Stern MP. Myocardial infarction in Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites. The San Antonio Heart Study. Circulation. 1991 Jan;83(1):45-51. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.83.1.45.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK. Public health significance of upper body adiposity for non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in Mexican Americans. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992 Mar;16(3):177-84.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Villalpando E, Hazuda H, Haffner SM, Lisci E. [Prevalence of diabetes and glucose intolerance in a urban population at a low economic level]. Rev Invest Clin. 1992 Jul-Sep;44(3):321-8. Spanish.
- Pugh JA, Tuley MR, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. The influence of outpatient insurance coverage on the microvascular complications of non-insulin-dependent diabetes in Mexican Americans. J Diabetes Complications. 1992 Oct-Dec;6(4):236-41. doi: 10.1016/1056-8727(92)90058-s.
- Haffner SM, Gruber KK, Morales PA, Hazuda HP, Valdez RA, Mitchell BD, Stern MP. Lipoprotein(a) concentrations in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites: the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Nov 1;136(9):1060-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116571.
- Stern MP, Morales PA, Haffner SM, Valdez RA. Hyperdynamic circulation and the insulin resistance syndrome ("syndrome X"). Hypertension. 1992 Dec;20(6):802-8. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.20.6.802.
- Haffner SM, Morales PA, Stern MP, Gruber MK. Lp(a) concentrations in NIDDM. Diabetes. 1992 Oct;41(10):1267-72. doi: 10.2337/diab.41.10.1267.
- Stern MP, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP. Does glycemic control of type II diabetes suffice to control diabetic dyslipidemia? A community perspective. Diabetes Care. 1992 May;15(5):638-44. doi: 10.2337/diacare.15.5.638.
- Haffner SM, Ferrannini E, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in confirmed prehypertensive individuals. Hypertension. 1992 Jul;20(1):38-45. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.20.1.38.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Watanabe RM, Bergman RN. Relationship of insulin clearance and secretion to insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic Mexican Americans. Eur J Clin Invest. 1992 Mar;22(3):147-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1992.tb01819.x.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Valdez RA, Hazuda HP, Morales PA, Stern MP. Eight-year incidence of hypertension in Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Hypertens. 1992 Mar;5(3):147-53. doi: 10.1093/ajh/5.3.147.
- Jameel N, Pugh JA, Mitchell BD, Stern MP. Dietary protein intake is not correlated with clinical proteinuria in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1992 Feb;15(2):178-83. doi: 10.2337/diacare.15.2.178.
- Haffner SM, Dunn JF, Katz MS. Relationship of sex hormone-binding globulin to lipid, lipoprotein, glucose, and insulin concentrations in postmenopausal women. Metabolism. 1992 Mar;41(3):278-84. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(92)90271-b.
- Stern MP. Kelly West Lecture. Primary prevention of type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1991 May;14(5):399-410. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.5.399.
- Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK, Stern MP. Increased incidence of type II diabetes mellitus in Mexican Americans. Diabetes Care. 1991 Feb;14(2):102-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.2.102.
- Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Obesity in Mexican American subgroups: findings from the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Jun;53(6 Suppl):1529S-1534S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.6.1529S.
- Stern MP, Patterson JK, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP. Overweight and mortality in Mexican Americans. Int J Obes. 1990 Jul;14(7):623-9.
- Haffner SM, Gonzalez C, Miettinen H, Howard BV, Stern MP. LDL size and subclass pattern in Mexico City residents and San Antonio Mexican Americans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995 Dec;15(12):2136-41. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.15.12.2136.
- Haffner SM, Karhapaa P, Rainwater DL, Mykkanen L, Aldrete G Jr, Laakso M. Insulin sensitivity and Lp(a) concentrations in normoglycemic men. Diabetes Care. 1995 Feb;18(2):193-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.2.193.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Valdez RA, Stern MP, Holloway DL, Monterrosa A, Bowsher RR. Disproportionately increased proinsulin levels are associated with the insulin resistance syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Dec;79(6):1806-10. doi: 10.1210/jcem.79.6.7989488.
- Gonzelez C, Stern MP, Mitchell BD, Valdez RA, Haffner SM, Perez BA. Clinical characteristics of type II diabetic subjects consuming high versus low carbohydrate diets in Mexico City and San Antonio, Texas. Diabetes Care. 1994 May;17(5):397-404. doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.5.397.
- Stern MP, Wei M. Do Mexican Americans really have low rates of cardiovascular disease? Prev Med. 1999 Dec;29(6 Pt 2):S90-5. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0464.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Gonzalez-Villalpando ME, Rivera Martinez D, Stern MP. [Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in low income population of Mexico City]. Rev Invest Clin. 1999 May-Jun;51(3):141-50. Spanish.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Gonzalez Villapando ME, Gaskill S, Rivera Martinez D. Prevalence of hypertension in a Mexican population according to the Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1999 Jun;6(3):177-81. doi: 10.1177/204748739900600309.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Mykkanen L, Stern MP. Leptin concentrations are associated with higher proinsulin and insulin concentrations but a lower proinsulin/insulin ratio in non-diabetic subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Sep;22(9):899-905. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800679.
- Wei M, Gibbons LW, Mitchell TL, Kampert JB, Stern MP, Blair SN. Low fasting plasma glucose level as a predictor of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Circulation. 2000 May 2;101(17):2047-52. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.101.17.2047.
- Lorenzo C, Serrano-Rios M, Martinez-Larrad MT, Gabriel R, Williams K, Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Haffner S. Prevalence of hypertension in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white populations. Hypertension. 2002 Feb;39(2):203-8. doi: 10.1161/hy0202.103439.
- Lorenzo C, Serrano-Rios M, Martinez-Larrad MT, Gabriel R, Williams K, Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM. Was the historic contribution of Spain to the Mexican gene pool partially responsible for the higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes in mexican-origin populations? The Spanish Insulin Resistance Study Group, the San Antonio Heart Study, and the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 2001 Dec;24(12):2059-64. doi: 10.2337/diacare.24.12.2059.
- Burke JP, Williams K, Haffner SM, Villalpando CG, Stern MP. Elevated incidence of type 2 diabetes in San Antonio, Texas, compared with that of Mexico City, Mexico. Diabetes Care. 2001 Sep;24(9):1573-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.24.9.1573.
- Stern MP, Williams K, Haffner SM. Identification of persons at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus: do we need the oral glucose tolerance test? Ann Intern Med. 2002 Apr 16;136(8):575-81. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-136-8-200204160-00006.
- Stern MP, Fatehi P, Williams K, Haffner SM. Predicting future cardiovascular disease: do we need the oral glucose tolerance test? Diabetes Care. 2002 Oct;25(10):1851-6. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.10.1851.
- Hunt KJ, Williams K, Resendez RG, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Stern MP. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality among diabetic participants in the San Antonio Heart Study: evidence against the "Hispanic Paradox". Diabetes Care. 2002 Sep;25(9):1557-63. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.9.1557.
- Hunt KJ, Resendez RG, Williams K, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality among Mexican-American and non-Hispanic White older participants in the San Antonio Heart Study- evidence against the "Hispanic paradox". Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Dec 1;158(11):1048-57. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwg249.
- Del Rincon I, Williams K, Stern MP, Freeman GL, O'Leary DH, Escalante A. Association between carotid atherosclerosis and markers of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy subjects. Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Jul;48(7):1833-40. doi: 10.1002/art.11078.
- Burke JP, Williams K, Narayan KM, Leibson C, Haffner SM, Stern MP. A population perspective on diabetes prevention: whom should we target for preventing weight gain? Diabetes Care. 2003 Jul;26(7):1999-2004. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.7.1999.
- Hanley AJ, Williams K, Gonzalez C, D'Agostino RB Jr, Wagenknecht LE, Stern MP, Haffner SM; San Antonio Heart Study; Mexico City Diabetes Study; Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Prediction of type 2 diabetes using simple measures of insulin resistance: combined results from the San Antonio Heart Study, the Mexico City Diabetes Study, and the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Diabetes. 2003 Feb;52(2):463-9. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.2.463. Erratum In: Diabetes. 2003 May;52(5):1306.
- Meigs JB, Williams K, Sullivan LM, Hunt KJ, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Gonzalez Villalpando C, Perhanidis JS, Nathan DM, D'Agostino RB Jr, D'Agostino RB Sr, Wilson PW. Using metabolic syndrome traits for efficient detection of impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care. 2004 Jun;27(6):1417-26. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.6.1417.
- Hunt KJ, Resendez RG, Williams K, Haffner SM, Stern MP; San Antonio Heart Study. National Cholesterol Education Program versus World Health Organization metabolic syndrome in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the San Antonio Heart Study. Circulation. 2004 Sep 7;110(10):1251-7. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000140762.04598.F9. Epub 2004 Aug 23.
- Ferrannini E, Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Stern MP. Hyperinsulinaemia: the key feature of a cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome. Diabetologia. 1991 Jun;34(6):416-22. doi: 10.1007/BF00403180.
- Haffner SM, Kennedy E, Gonzalez C, Stern MP, Miettinen H. A prospective analysis of the HOMA model. The Mexico City Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 1996 Oct;19(10):1138-41. doi: 10.2337/diacare.19.10.1138.
- Haffner SM, Miettinen H, Stern MP. The homeostasis model in the San Antonio Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 1997 Jul;20(7):1087-92. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.7.1087.
- Stern MP, Pugh JA, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP. Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to obesity and dieting in Mexican Americans and Anglos: the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Jun;115(6):917-28. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113379.
- Stern MP, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP, Gardner LI, Haffner SM. Does obesity explain excess prevalence of diabetes among Mexican Americans? Results of the San Antonio Heart Study. Diabetologia. 1983 Apr;24(4):272-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00282712.
- Malina RM, Little BB, Stern MP, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP. Ethnic and social class differences in selected anthropometric characteristics of Mexican American and Anglo adults: the San Antonio Heart Study. Hum Biol. 1983 Dec;55(4):867-83. No abstract available.
- Relethford JH, Stern MP, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP. Social class, admixture, and skin color variation in Mexican-Americans and Anglo-Americans living in San Antonio, Texas. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1983 May;61(1):97-102. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330610110.
- Hazuda HP, Stern MP, Gaskill SP, Haffner SM, Gardner LI. Ethnic differences in health knowledge and behaviors related to the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1983 Jun;117(6):717-28. doi: 10.1093/aje/117.6.717.
- Haffner SM, Rosenthal M, Hazuda HP, Stern MP, Franco LJ. Evaluation of three potential screening tests for diabetes mellitus in a biethnic population. Diabetes Care. 1984 Jul-Aug;7(4):347-53. doi: 10.2337/diacare.7.4.347.
- Gardner LI Jr, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP, Relethford JH, Eifler CW. Prevalence of diabetes in Mexican Americans. Relationship to percent of gene pool derived from native American sources. Diabetes. 1984 Jan;33(1):86-92. doi: 10.2337/diab.33.1.86.
- Stern MP, Rosenthal M, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Franco LJ. Sex difference in the effects of sociocultural status on diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican Americans. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Dec;120(6):834-51. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113956.
- Deyo RA, Diehl AK, Hazuda H, Stern MP. A simple language-based acculturation scale for Mexican Americans: validation and application to health care research. Am J Public Health. 1985 Jan;75(1):51-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.75.1.51.
- Rosenthal M, McMahan CA, Stern MP, Eifler CW, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Franco LJ. Evidence of bimodality of two hour plasma glucose concentrations in Mexican Americans: results from the San Antonio Heart study. J Chronic Dis. 1985;38(1):5-16. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(85)90003-7.
- Haffner SM, Knapp JA, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Rosenthal M, Franco LJ. Coffee consumption, diet, and lipids. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Jul;122(1):1-12. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114067.
- Franco LJ, Stern MP, Rosenthal M, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Comeaux PJ. Prevalence, detection, and control of hypertension in a biethnic community. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1985 May;121(5):684-96. doi: 10.1093/aje/121.5.684.
- Knapp JA, Haffner SM, Young EA, Hazuda HP, Gardner L, Stern MP. Dietary intakes of essential nutrients among Mexican-Americans and Anglo-Americans: the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1985 Aug;42(2):307-16. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/42.2.307.
- Stern MP: Diabetes in Hispanic Americans. In: Diabetes in America Harris MI, Hamman R (Eds). U.S. Government Printing Office, NIH Publication No. 85-1468, Washington DC, pp IX-1-11, Aug 1985
- Stern MP, Rosenthal M, Haffner SM. A new concept of impaired glucose tolerance. Relation to cardiovascular risk. Arteriosclerosis. 1985 Jul-Aug;5(4):311-4. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.5.4.311. No abstract available.
- Diehl AK, Rosenthal M, Hazuda HP, Comeaux PJ, Stern MP. Socioeconomic status and the prevalence of clinical gallbladder disease. J Chronic Dis. 1985;38(12):1019-26. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(85)90100-6.
- Haffner SM, Knapp JA, Hazuda HP, Stern MP, Young EA. Dietary intakes of macronutrients among Mexican Americans and Anglo Americans: the San Antonio heart study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1985 Dec;42(6):1266-75. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/42.6.1266.
- Hazuda HP, Comeaux PJ, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Eifler CW, Rosenthal M. A comparison of three indicators for identifying Mexican Americans in epidemiologic research. Methodological findings from the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1986 Jan;123(1):96-112. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114228.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Rosenthal M, Knapp JA, Malina RM. Role of obesity and fat distribution in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Diabetes Care. 1986 Mar-Apr;9(2):153-61. doi: 10.2337/diacare.9.2.153.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Rosenthal M, Knapp JA. The role of behavioral variables and fat patterning in explaining ethnic differences in serum lipids and lipoproteins. Am J Epidemiol. 1986 May;123(5):830-9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114312.
- Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Knapp JA, Eifler CW, Rosenthal M. Employment status and women's protection against coronary heart disease. Findings from the San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1986 Apr;123(4):623-40. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114282.
- Stern MP, Ferrell RE, Rosenthal M, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP. Association between NIDDM, RH blood group, and haptoglobin phenotype. Results from the San Antonio Heart Study. Diabetes. 1986 Apr;35(4):387-91. doi: 10.2337/diab.35.4.387.
- Stern MP, Haffner SM. Body fat distribution and hyperinsulinemia as risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Arteriosclerosis. 1986 Mar-Apr;6(2):123-30. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.6.2.123.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Pugh JA, Patterson JK. Hyperinsulinemia in a population at high risk for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1986 Jul 24;315(4):220-4. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198607243150403.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Pugh J, Patterson JK, Malina R. Upper body and centralized adiposity in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites: relationship to body mass index and other behavioral and demographic variables. Int J Obes. 1986;10(6):493-502.
- Chakraborty R, Ferrell RE, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Rosenthal M. Relationship of prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus to Amerindian admixture in the Mexican Americans of San Antonio, Texas. Genet Epidemiol. 1986;3(6):435-54. doi: 10.1002/gepi.1370030608.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Pugh J, Patterson JK. Do upper-body and centralized adiposity measure different aspects of regional body-fat distribution? Relationship to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, lipids, and lipoproteins. Diabetes. 1987 Jan;36(1):43-51. doi: 10.2337/diab.36.1.43.
- Diehl AK, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Coronary risk factors and clinical gallbladder disease: an approach to the prevention of gallstones? Am J Public Health. 1987 Jul;77(7):841-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.77.7.841.
- Haffner SM. Hyperinsulinemia as a possible etiology for the high prevalence of non insulin dependent diabetes in Mexican Americans. Diabete Metab. 1987 Jul;13(3 Pt 2):337-44.
- Knapp JA, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Young EA, Stern MP. A saturated fat/cholesterol avoidance scale: sex and ethnic differences in a biethnic population. J Am Diet Assoc. 1988 Feb;88(2):172-7.
- Haffner SM, Fong D, Hazuda HP, Pugh JA, Patterson JK. Hyperinsulinemia, upper body adiposity, and cardiovascular risk factors in non-diabetics. Metabolism. 1988 Apr;37(4):338-45. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(88)90133-3.
- Haffner SM, Fong D, Stern MP, Pugh JA, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK, van Heuven WA, Klein R. Diabetic retinopathy in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Diabetes. 1988 Jul;37(7):878-84. doi: 10.2337/diab.37.7.878.
- Haffner SM, Katz MS, Stern MP, Dunn JF. The relationship of sex hormones to hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Metabolism. 1988 Jul;37(7):683-8. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(88)90091-1.
- Haffner SM, Katz MS, Stern MP, Dunn JF. Relationship of sex hormone binding globulin to overall adiposity and body fat distribution in a biethnic population. Int J Obes. 1989;13(1):1-9.
- Pugh JA, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Patterson J. Detection and treatment of hypercholesterolemia in a biethnic community, 1979-1985. J Gen Intern Med. 1988 Jul-Aug;3(4):331-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02595790.
- Stern MP, Haffner SM. Do anthropometric differences between Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites explain ethnic differences in metabolic variables? Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1988;723:37-44. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb05926.x. No abstract available.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK. Increased insulin concentrations in nondiabetic offspring of diabetic parents. N Engl J Med. 1988 Nov 17;319(20):1297-301. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198811173192001.
- Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Eifler CW. Effects of acculturation and socioeconomic status on obesity and diabetes in Mexican Americans. The San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Dec;128(6):1289-301. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115082.
- Haffner SM, Katz MS, Stern MP, Dunn JF. Association of decreased sex hormone binding globulin and cardiovascular risk factors. Arteriosclerosis. 1989 Jan-Feb;9(1):136-43. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.9.1.136.
- Diehl AK, Stern MP. Special health problems of Mexican-Americans: obesity, gallbladder disease, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Adv Intern Med. 1989;34:73-96. No abstract available.
- Haffner SM, Diehl AK, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. Central adiposity and gallbladder disease in Mexican Americans. Am J Epidemiol. 1989 Mar;129(3):587-95. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115171.
- Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Stern MP, Patterson JK, Van Heuven WA, Fong D. Effects of socioeconomic status on hyperglycemia and retinopathy levels in Mexican Americans with NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1989 Feb;12(2):128-34. doi: 10.2337/diacare.12.2.128.
- Stern MP, Patterson JK, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD. Lack of awareness and treatment of hyperlipidemia in type II diabetes in a community survey. JAMA. 1989 Jul 21;262(3):360-4.
- Raboudi SH, Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Eifler CW, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Frazier ML. Type II diabetes mellitus and polymorphism of insulin-receptor gene in Mexican Americans. Diabetes. 1989 Aug;38(8):975-80. doi: 10.2337/diab.38.8.975.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Pugh JA, Stern MP, Kozlowski MK, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK, Klein R. Proteinuria in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites with NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1989 Sep;12(8):530-6. doi: 10.2337/diacare.12.8.530.
- Diehl AK, Haffner SM, Knapp JA, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Dietary intake and the prevalence of gallbladder disease in Mexican Americans. Gastroenterology. 1989 Dec;97(6):1527-33. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(89)90399-5.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK, Ferrannini E. Parental history of diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors. Arteriosclerosis. 1989 Nov-Dec;9(6):928-33. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.9.6.928.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. Macrovascular complications in Mexican Americans with type II diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1991 Jul;14(7):665-71. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.7.665.
- Stern MP, Knapp JA, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Patterson JK, Mitchell BD. Genetic and environmental determinants of type II diabetes in Mexican Americans. Is there a "descending limb" to the modernization/diabetes relationship? Diabetes Care. 1991 Jul;14(7):649-54. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.7.649.
- Ferrannini E, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Mitchell BD, Natali A, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK. High blood pressure and insulin resistance: influence of ethnic background. Eur J Clin Invest. 1991 Jun;21(3):280-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01371.x.
- Haffner SM, Katz MS, Dunn JF. Increased upper body and overall adiposity is associated with decreased sex hormone binding globulin in postmenopausal women. Int J Obes. 1991 Jul;15(7):471-8.
- Haffner SM, Klein R, Dunn JF, Moss SE, Klein BE. Increased testosterone in type I diabetic subjects with severe retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 1990 Oct;97(10):1270-4. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(90)32428-4.
- Haffner SM, Katz MS, Dunn JF. The relationship of insulin sensitivity and metabolic clearance of insulin to adiposity and sex hormone binding globulin. Endocr Res. 1990;16(3):361-76. doi: 10.1080/07435809009033012.
- Berkus MD, Stern MP, Mitchell BD, Newton ER, Langer O. Does fasting interval affect the glucose challenge test? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Dec;163(6 Pt 1):1812-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90755-v.
- Haffner SM, Stern MP, Dunn J, Mobley M, Blackwell J, Bergman RN. Diminished insulin sensitivity and increased insulin response in nonobese, nondiabetic Mexican Americans. Metabolism. 1990 Aug;39(8):842-7. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90130-5.
- Haffner SM, Diehl AK, Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. Increased prevalence of clinical gallbladder disease in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Aug;132(2):327-35. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115662.
- Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK. Functional impairment in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites with diabetes. J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43(4):319-27. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(90)90118-9.
- Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK. Risk factors for cardiovascular mortality in Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. San Antonio Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Mar;131(3):423-33. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115517.
- Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK, Stern MP. Diabetes and coronary heart disease risk in Mexican Americans. Ann Epidemiol. 1992 Jan-Mar;2(1-2):101-6. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(92)90043-p. Erratum In: Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Jan;3(1):117.
- Edelstein SL, Knowler WC, Bain RP, Andres R, Barrett-Connor EL, Dowse GK, Haffner SM, Pettitt DJ, Sorkin JD, Muller DC, Collins VR, Hamman RF. Predictors of progression from impaired glucose tolerance to NIDDM: an analysis of six prospective studies. Diabetes. 1997 Apr;46(4):701-10. doi: 10.2337/diab.46.4.701.
- Mykkanen L, Haffner SM, Rainwater DL, Karhapaa P, Miettinen H, Laakso M. Relationship of LDL size to insulin sensitivity in normoglycemic men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997 Jul;17(7):1447-53. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.17.7.1447.
- Haffner SM, Hanefeld M, Fischer S, Fucker K, Leonhardt W. Glibenclamide, but not acarbose, increases leptin concentrations parallel to changes in insulin in subjects with NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1997 Sep;20(9):1430-4. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.9.1430.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Rivera Martinez D, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz S, Gonzalez Villalpando ME, Haffner SM, Stern MP. High prevalence of cholelithiasis in a low income Mexican population: an ultrasonographic survey. Arch Med Res. 1997 Winter;28(4):543-7.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Stern MP. Leptin concentrations in women in the San Antonio Heart Study: effect of menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Oct 1;146(7):581-5. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009317.
- Gonzalez Villalpando ME, Gonzalez Villalpando C, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz SV, Mitchell B, Rivera Martinez D, Klein R, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Moderate-to-severe diabetic retinopathy is more prevalent in Mexico City than in San Antonio, Texas. Diabetes Care. 1997 May;20(5):773-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.5.773.
- Haffner SM, Valdez R, Morales PA, Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Greater effect of glycemia on incidence of hypertension in women than in men. Diabetes Care. 1992 Oct;15(10):1277-84. doi: 10.2337/diacare.15.10.1277.
- Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Patterson JK, Stern MP. High prevalence of angina pectoris in Mexican-American men. A population with reduced risk of myocardial infarction. Ann Epidemiol. 1991 Aug;1(5):415-26. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(91)90011-z.
- Mayer MN, de Montalembert M, Audat F, Brusset MC, Houfani B, Merckx J, Barrier G, Gazengel C. Autologous blood donation for elective surgery in children weighing 8-25 kg. Vox Sang. 1996;70(4):224-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1996.tb01331.x.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Greater influence of central distribution of adipose tissue on incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes in women than men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 May;53(5):1312-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.5.1312.
- Berkus MD, Stern MP, Mitchell BD, Abashawl A, Langer O. Relationships between glucose levels and insulin secretion during a glucose challenge test. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Dec;163(6 Pt 1):1818-22. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90756-w.
- Stern MP, Haffner SM. Type II diabetes and its complications in Mexican Americans. Diabetes Metab Rev. 1990 Feb;6(1):29-45. doi: 10.1002/dmr.5610060102.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Patterson JK. Decreased prevalence of hypertension in Mexican-Americans. Hypertension. 1990 Sep;16(3):225-32; discussion 233-4. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.16.3.225.
- Haffner SM, Klein R, Moss SE, Klein BE. Sex hormones and the incidence of severe retinopathy in male subjects with type I diabetes. Ophthalmology. 1993 Dec;100(12):1782-6. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31398-9.
- Gonzalez C, Stern MP, Mitchell B, Arredondo B, Martinez S, Seoane M. Myocardial infarction in a low income area of Mexico City. Prevalence and clinical characteristics. Arch Med Res. 1995 Autumn;26(3):233-8.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Rivera Martinez D, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz S, Haffner S. Carotid artery atherosclerosis in a Mexico City population with high carbohydrate intake. Arch Med Res. 1995 Winter;26(4):409-13.
- Sowers M, Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Fox C, Mitchell BD. Relationships between physical activity, insulin levels and lipids in non-diabetic low income residents of Mexico City: the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Arch Med Res. 1995 Summer;26(2):133-40.
- Gonzalez ME, Gonzalez C, Stern MP, Arredondo B, Martinez S. Concordance in diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by fundus photography between retina specialists and a standardized reading center. Mexico City Diabetes Study Retinopathy Group. Arch Med Res. 1995 Summer;26(2):127-31.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo Perez B, Martinez Diaz S. The level of metabolic control in low income Mexico City Diabetics. The Mexico City Diabetes Study. Arch Med Res. 1994 Winter;25(4):387-92.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Stern MP, Paidi M, Howard BV. Greater effect of diabetes on LDL size in women than in men. Diabetes Care. 1994 Oct;17(10):1164-71. doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.10.1164.
- Gonzalez Villalpando ME, Gonzalez Villalpando C, Arredondo Perez B, Stern MP. Diabetic retinopathy in Mexico. Prevalence and clinical characteristics. Arch Med Res. 1994 Autumn;25(3):355-60.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo Perez B, Valdez R, Mitchell B, Haffner S. Prevalence and detection of hypertension in Mexico. Arch Med Res. 1994 Autumn;25(3):347-53.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo-Perez B. [The use of hospital services by diabetic patients: study in an open population]. Salud Publica Mex. 1994 Jul-Aug;36(4):415-9. Spanish.
- Haffner SM, Bowsher RR, Mykkanen L, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Valdez RA, Gingerich R, Monterossa A, Stern MP. Proinsulin and specific insulin concentration in high- and low-risk populations for NIDDM. Diabetes. 1994 Dec;43(12):1490-3. doi: 10.2337/diab.43.12.1490.
- Valdez R, Athens MA, Thompson GH, Bradshaw BS, Stern MP. Birthweight and adult health outcomes in a biethnic population in the USA. Diabetologia. 1994 Jun;37(6):624-31. doi: 10.1007/BF00403383.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Valdez RA, Stern MP. Evaluation of two insulin assays in insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X). Arterioscler Thromb. 1994 Sep;14(9):1430-7. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.14.9.1430.
- Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Mykkanen L, Stern MP, Katz MS. Decreased testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations are associated with increased insulin and glucose concentrations in nondiabetic men. Metabolism. 1994 May;43(5):599-603. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(94)90202-x.
- Valdez R, Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Morales PA, Monterrosa A, Stern MP. Predictors of weight change in a bi-ethnic population. The San Antonio Heart Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1994 Feb;18(2):85-91.
- Haffner SM, Mitchell BD, Moss SE, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Patterson J, Van Heuven WA, Klein R. Is there an ethnic difference in the effect of risk factors for diabetic retinopathy? Ann Epidemiol. 1993 Jan;3(1):2-8. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(93)90003-m.
- Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Stern MP, Katz MS. Obesity, body fat distribution and sex hormones in men. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1993 Nov;17(11):643-9.
- Stern MP, Gonzalez C, Hernandex M, Knapp JA, Hazuda HP, Villapando E, Valdez RA, Haffner SM, Mitchell BD. Performance of semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires in international comparisons. Mexico City versus San Antonio, Texas. Ann Epidemiol. 1993 May;3(3):300-7. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(93)90034-2.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Valdez RA, Paidi M, Stern MP, Howard BV. LDL size and subclass pattern in a biethnic population. Arterioscler Thromb. 1993 Nov;13(11):1623-30. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.13.11.1623.
- Mitchell BD, Valdez R, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Monterrosa A, Stern MP. Differences in the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance according to maternal or paternal history of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1993 Sep;16(9):1262-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.16.9.1262.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Valdez R, Mitchell B, Haffner S. [Blood lipid levels and atherogenic risk in an open urban population]. Rev Invest Clin. 1993 Mar-Apr;45(2):127-32. Spanish.
- Haffner SM, Valdez RA, Morales PA, Hazuda HP, Stern MP. Decreased sex hormone-binding globulin predicts noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in women but not in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Jul;77(1):56-60. doi: 10.1210/jcem.77.1.8325960.
- Kariakin AM, Aliev SA, Ivanov MA. [Our experience and the outlook for the development of surgery in esophageal cancer]. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek. 1997;156(3):64-7. Russian.
- Gonzalez Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo Perez B, Martijnez Diaz S, Gonzalez Villalpando ME, Haffner S, Rivera D, Diehl AK. Prevalence of gallbladder disease and associated clinical variables in a low income population of Mexico City. Arch Med Res. 1996 Summer;27(2):237-41.
- Gonzalez ME, Gonzalez C, Stern MP, Arredondo B, Martinez Diaz S. Concordance between retina specialists and a preferred practice pattern in treatment and follow-up criteria for diabetic retinopathy. The Mexico City Diabetes Study Retinopathy Group. Arch Med Res. 1996 Summer;27(2):205-11.
- Duggirala R, Gonzalez Villalpando C, O'Leary DH, Stern MP, Blangero J. Genetic basis of variation in carotid artery wall thickness. Stroke. 1996 May;27(5):833-7. doi: 10.1161/01.str.27.5.833.
- Gonzalez C, Stern MP, Gonzalez E, Rivera D, Simon J, Islas S, Haffner S. The Mexico City Diabetes Study: a population-based approach to the study of genetic and environmental interactions in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. Nutr Rev. 1999 May;57(5 Pt 2):S71-6; discussion S76-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1999.tb01792.x. No abstract available.
- Haffner SM, Mykkanen LA, Gonzalez CC, Stern MP. Leptin concentrations do not predict weight gain: the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Jul;22(7):695-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800619.
- Burke JP, Williams K, Gaskill SP, Hazuda HP, Haffner SM, Stern MP. Rapid rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes from 1987 to 1996: results from the San Antonio Heart Study. Arch Intern Med. 1999 Jul 12;159(13):1450-6. doi: 10.1001/archinte.159.13.1450.
- Han TS, Sattar N, Williams K, Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Lean ME, Haffner SM. Prospective study of C-reactive protein in relation to the development of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the Mexico City Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 2002 Nov;25(11):2016-21. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.11.2016.
- Hunt KJ, Williams K, Rivera D, O'Leary DH, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Gonzalez Villalpando C. Elevated carotid artery intima-media thickness levels in individuals who subsequently develop type 2 diabetes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Oct 1;23(10):1845-50. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000093471.58663.ED. Epub 2003 Sep 4.
- Mitchell BD, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP, Valdez R, Stern MP. The relation between serum insulin levels and 8-year changes in lipid, lipoprotein, and blood pressure levels. Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Jul 1;136(1):12-22. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116416.
- Stern MP, Gonzalez C, Mitchell BD, Villalpando E, Haffner SM, Hazuda HP. Genetic and environmental determinants of type II diabetes in Mexico City and San Antonio. Diabetes. 1992 Apr;41(4):484-92. doi: 10.2337/diab.41.4.484.
- Gonzalez-Villalpando C, Stern MP, Arredondo-Perez B, Mitchell B, Valdez R, Haffner S. [Tobacco use in Mexico City]. Salud Publica Mex. 1994 Jan-Feb;36(1):46-50. Spanish.
연구 기록 날짜
이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작
1979년 5월 1일
연구 완료 (실제)
2002년 8월 1일
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
2000년 5월 25일
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
2000년 5월 25일
처음 게시됨 (추정)
2000년 5월 26일
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (추정)
2016년 3월 8일
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
2016년 3월 7일
마지막으로 확인됨
2016년 3월 1일
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심장 질환에 대한 임상 시험
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Medical University of BialystokInstitute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; Medical University of Lodz; Poznan University of... 그리고 다른 협력자들아직 모집하지 않음심부전, 수축기 | 박출률이 감소된 심부전 | 심부전 New York Heart Association Class IV | 심부전 New York Heart Association Class III폴란드
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Novartis Pharmaceuticals완전한핵심 연구의 12개월 치료 기간을 성공적으로 완료한 환자(de Novo Heart Recipients)는 EC-MPS 치료에 관심이 있었습니다.
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University of WashingtonAmerican Heart Association완전한심부전，울혈 | 미토콘드리아 변경 | 심부전 New York Heart Association Class IV미국
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University of Pennsylvania완전한Intrntl Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, (ICD-9-CM) 410의 주진단 또는 이차진단 코드가 있는 환자(5번째 숫자가 2인 경우 제외)미국