이 페이지는 자동 번역되었으며 번역의 정확성을 보장하지 않습니다. 참조하십시오 영문판 원본 텍스트의 경우.

Prospective Evaluation of Anti-retroviral Combinations for Treatment Naive, HIV Infected Persons in Resource-limited Settings (PEARLS)

2018년 9월 11일 업데이트: AIDS Clinical Trials Group

Randomized, Open-Label Evaluation of Efficacy of Once-Daily Protease Inhibitor and Once-Daily Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Containing Therapy Combinations for Initial Treatment of HIV-1 Infected Persons From Resource-Limited Settings (PEARLS) Trial

This study compared 3 different three-drug combinations in HIV infected individuals starting their first HIV treatment regimens. Participants were recruited from resource-limited areas in Africa, Asia, South America, Haiti, and also from the United States. The study hypothesis was each of the once daily combinations (PI based, or NNRTI based) would not have inferior efficacy compared to the twice daily NNRTI based combination.

연구 개요

상태

완전한

정황

개입 / 치료

상세 설명

In developed countries, standard effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for treatment-naive HIV infected people includes three-drug combinations of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) with either a protease inhibitor (PI) or a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). However, direct comparisons of ARV efficacy in persons that more closely reflect the worldwide demographics of HIV-1 infection are needed.> > Trial participants were recruited in Africa (Malawi, South Africa, Zimbabwe), Asia (India, Thailand), South America (Brazil, Peru), Haiti, and the United States.>

> All participants were randomly assigned to one of three arms, and random allocation was stratified by 2 factors: country, and screening plasma HIV-1 RNA level (< 100,000 copies/mL versus >= 100,000 copies/mL). Participants assigned to the ZDV/3TC+EFV arm received lamivudine/zidovudine twice daily and efavirenz once daily. Participants assigned to the ddI+FTC+ATV arm received emtricitabine, atazanavir, and enteric-coated didanosine once daily. Participants assigned to the TDF/FTC+EFV arm received emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and efavirenz once daily. >

>

> Physical exam and blood collection occurred at entry and at most study visits. Participants experiencing virologic failure were offered a switch to another regimen. >

> On May 23, 2008, the ddI+FTC+ATV was closed following a planned interim review by the study's independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). The DSMB recommendation was based upon compelling evidence that this arm had significantly more virologic failure (and therefore was inferior when) compared to the ZDV/3TC+EFV arm . Participants still receiving ddI+FTC+ATV were offered alternative medications, and all participants continued to be followed. >

> On November 3, 2009, the DSMB recommended that the study close to all follow-up on May 31, 2010, before the designed termination (based on 30% of participants meeting the primary outcome) was met. The board observed that the recent accumulation of primary efficacy events (i.e. regimen failures) was very slow. Therefore, if the study were to continue another 1-2 years, the precision gained for treatment comparisons would likely be small.

연구 유형

중재적

등록 (실제)

1571

단계

  • 4단계

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 남아프리카
    • Gauteng
      • Johannesburg, Gauteng, 남아프리카, 2092
        • Wits HIV CRS
    • KwaZulu Natal
      • Durban, KwaZulu Natal, 남아프리카, 4001
        • Durban Adult HIV CRS
  • 말라위
    • Blantyre
      • P.O. Box 1131, Blantyre, 말라위
        • College of Med. JHU CRS
    • Lilongwe
      • Mzimba Road, Lilongwe, 말라위
        • University of North Carolina Lilongwe CRS
  • 미국
    • California
      • Los Angeles, California, 미국, 90033-1079
        • University of Southern California
      • Los Angeles, California, 미국, 90095-1793
        • UCLA CARE Center CRS
      • Torrance, California, 미국, 90502-2052
        • Harbor General/UCLA
    • Colorado
      • Denver, Colorado, 미국
        • Univ. of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver
    • Hawaii
      • Honolulu, Hawaii, 미국, 96816-2396
        • Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Leahi Hosp.
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, 미국, 60611-3015
        • Northwestern University
      • Chicago, Illinois, 미국, 60612
        • Cook County Hospital Core Center
      • Chicago, Illinois, 미국, 60612-3806
        • Rush-Presbyterian/St. Lukes (Chicago)
    • Minnesota
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, 미국, 55455-0392
        • University of Minnesota
    • Missouri
      • Saint Louis, Missouri, 미국, 63108-2138
        • Washington University (St. Louis)
    • New York
      • HVTN 722 West 168th Street MSPH Bldg., New York, 미국, 10032
        • HIV Prevention & Treatment CRS
      • New York, New York, 미국, 10003
        • Beth Israel Medical Center
      • New York, New York, 미국, 10016
        • NY Univ. HIV/AIDS CRS
      • New York, New York, 미국, 10011
        • Cornell CRS
      • Rochester, New York, 미국, 14642-0001
        • Univ. of Rochester ACTG CRS
      • Rochester, New York, 미국, 14642-0001
        • Community Health Network, Inc.
    • North Carolina
      • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 미국, 27514
        • University of North Carolina
      • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 미국, 27514
        • Wake County Health and Human Services Clinical Research Site
      • Durham, North Carolina, 미국, 27710
        • Duke University Medical Center
    • Ohio
      • Cincinnati, Ohio, 미국, 45267-0405
        • University of Cincinnati
      • Columbus, Ohio, 미국, 43210
        • The Ohio State Univ. AIDS CRS
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 미국, 19104
        • Hosp. of the Univ. of Pennsylvania CRS
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence, Rhode Island, 미국, 02906
        • The Miriam Hosp. ACTG CRS
      • Providence, Rhode Island, 미국, 02906
        • Stanley Street Treatment and Resource
    • Tennessee
      • Nashville, Tennessee, 미국, 37204
        • Vanderbilt Therapeutics CRS
    • Texas
      • Dallas, Texas, 미국
        • University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center
      • Galveston, Texas, 미국, 77555-0435
        • University of Texas, Galveston
  • 브라질
    • RS
      • Porto Alegre, RS, 브라질, 91350-200
        • Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicao
    • Rio De Janeiro
      • Manguinhos, Rio De Janeiro, 브라질
        • Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas (IPEC) CRS
  • 아이티
    • Port-au-Prince
      • Bicentenaire, Port-au-Prince, 아이티, HT-6110
        • Les Centres GHESKIO CRS
  • 인도
      • Pune, 인도, 411026
        • Dr. Kotnis Dispensary
    • Chennai
      • Rajiv Gandhi Salai Taramani, Chennai, 인도, 600113
        • YRG CARE Medical Ctr., VHS Chennai CRS
    • Maharashtra
      • Pune, Maharashtra, 인도
        • NARI Pune CRS
    • Pune
      • Maharashtra State, Pune, 인도
        • NARI Clinic at NIV CRS
  • 짐바브웨
    • Harare
      • AIDS Research Unit P.O. Box A178, Harare, 짐바브웨
        • UZ-Parirenyatwa CRS
  • 태국
    • Chiang Mai
      • P.O. Box 80, Chiang Mai, 태국, 50200
        • Chiang Mai Univ. ACTG CRS
  • 페루
    • Lima
      • Barranco, Lima, 페루
        • Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion - Miraf CRS
      • San Miguel, Lima, 페루
        • San Miguel CRS

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

공부할 수 있는 나이

18년 이상 (성인, 고령자)

건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다

아니

연구 대상 성별

모두

설명

Inclusion Criteria :>

  • HIV-1 infected>
  • CD4 count fewer than 300 cells/mm3 >
  • Viral load test result>
  • Absolute Neutrophil Count at least 750mm3 >
  • Hemoglobin at least 7.5 g/dL>
  • Platelet count at least 50,000/mm3>
  • Calculated creatinine clearance at least 60 mL/min>
  • A , A, and alkaline phosphatase <= 5 times upper limit of normal>
  • total bilirubin <= 2.5 times upper limit of normal>
  • Karnofsky performance score of 70 or higher>
  • Plans to stay in the area for the duration of the study>
  • Agrees to use acceptable forms of contraception for the duration of the study>

Exclusion Criteria:>

  • More than 7 days exposure to ARVs (except for single-dose NVP or ZDV for any period for the purpose of pMTCT)>
  • Acute therapy for serious medical illnesses within 14 days prior to study entry>
  • Certain abnormal laboratory values>
  • Radiation therapy or chemotherapy within 45 days prior to study entry. >
  • Any immunomodulator, HIV vaccine, or other investigational therapy within 30 days prior to study entry. >
  • Current alcohol or drug abuse that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would interfere with study participation>
  • Inflamed pancreas within 3 years prior to study entry>
  • Allergy/sensitivity to any of the study drugs or their formulations>
  • Heart rate less than 40 beats/min>
  • History of untreated, active second- or third-degree heart block>
  • Currently detained in jail or for treatment of a psychiatric or physical illness>
  • Vomiting or inability to swallow medications>
  • Pregnancy>

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?

디자인 세부사항

  • 주 목적: 치료
  • 할당: 무작위
  • 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
  • 마스킹: 없음(오픈 라벨)

무기와 개입

참가자 그룹 / 팔
개입 / 치료
실험적: ZDV/3TC+EFV
ZDV/3TC+EFV participants will receive lamivudine/zidovudine and efavirenz
의약품: Efavirenz
600 mg taken orally daily
다른 이름들:
  • EFV
의약품: Lamivudine/Zidovudine
150 mg/300 mg taken orally twice daily
다른 이름들:
  • 3TC/ZDV
실험적: ddI+FTC+ATV
ddI+FTC+ATV participants will receive emtricitabine, atazanavir, and enteric-coated didanosine
의약품: Atazanavir
400 mg taken orally daily
다른 이름들:
  • ATV
의약품: Didanosine (enteric-coated)
400 mg taken orally daily
다른 이름들:
  • ddI
의약품: Emtricitabine
200 mg taken orally daily
다른 이름들:
  • 공정위
실험적: TDF/FTC+EFV
TDF/FTC+EFV participants will receive emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and efavirenz
의약품: Efavirenz
600 mg taken orally daily
다른 이름들:
  • EFV
의약품: Emtricitabine/Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
200 mg/300 mg taken orally once daily
다른 이름들:
  • FTC/TDF

연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?

주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Time to Treatment Failure (PI Comparison)
기간: Virologic failure starting 14 weeks following randomization; disease progression starting 12 weeks following randomization; and death occurring at any time following randomization. Follow-up until ddI+FTC+ATV arm closed (May 22, 2008).
Time from randomization to the earliest of: scheduled week of first plasma sample meeting virologic failure (two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values 1,000 copies/mL or higher, regardless of whether ARV medications being taken at the time); scheduled week of first AIDS defining diagnosis (WHO Stage 4 (2005), plus microsporidiosis, cyclospora gastroenteritis and Chaga's disease), not attributed to Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (reviewed by chairs); date of death (due to any cause). Plasma drawn every 8 weeks (except confirmation samples could be drawn earlier).
Virologic failure starting 14 weeks following randomization; disease progression starting 12 weeks following randomization; and death occurring at any time following randomization. Follow-up until ddI+FTC+ATV arm closed (May 22, 2008).
Time to Treatment Failure (NRTI Comparison)
기간: Virologic failure starting 14 weeks following randomization; disease progression starting 12 weeks following randomization; and death occurring at any time following randomization. Follow-up through study closure (May 31, 2010).
Time from randomization to the earliest of: scheduled week of first plasma sample meeting virologic failure (two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values 1,000 copies/mL or higher, regardless of whether ARV medications being taken at the time); scheduled week of first AIDS defining diagnosis (WHO Stage 4 (2005) plus microsporidiosis, cyclospora gastroenteritis and Chaga's disease), not attributed to Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (reviewed by chairs); date of death (due to any cause). Plasma drawn every 8 weeks (except confirmation samples could be drawn earlier).
Virologic failure starting 14 weeks following randomization; disease progression starting 12 weeks following randomization; and death occurring at any time following randomization. Follow-up through study closure (May 31, 2010).

2차 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Time to Discontinuation of Initial Antiretroviral (ARV) Therapy (PI Comparison)
기간: Throughout follow-up until ddI+FTC+ATV arm closed (May 22,2008)
Time is measured from date of treatment initiation to earliest of the following: date of last participant contact (premature discontinuation of study follow-up); date all ARV medications were held (if all medications held for at least 8 weeks, for any reason); date that any ARV medication was changed (excluding the following single ARV substitutions: stavudine or tenofovir for zidovudine, nevirapine for efavirenz, or didanosine for tenofovir).
Throughout follow-up until ddI+FTC+ATV arm closed (May 22,2008)
Time to Immunologic Failure (PI Comparison)
기간: At or after Week 48 (including only follow-up until ddI+FTV+ATV arm closed - May 22,2008)
Time from randomization to the first scheduled study visit (week 48 or later) with a CD4+ cell count fewer than 100 cells/mm3.
At or after Week 48 (including only follow-up until ddI+FTV+ATV arm closed - May 22,2008)
Change in CD4 Count From Screening to Weeks 24, 48, 96 (PI Comparison)
기간: weeks 24, 48 and 96 (including follow-up until ddI+FTC+ARV arm closed - May 22, 2008)
Available pre-randomization CD4 cell counts were limited to the single CD4 cell count used for study eligibility (and therefore must have been fewer than 300 cells/mm3).
weeks 24, 48 and 96 (including follow-up until ddI+FTC+ARV arm closed - May 22, 2008)
Time to First Dose Modification or Grade 3 or 4 Adverse Event (PI Comparison)
기간: Throughout study follow-up until ddI+FTC+ATV arm closed (May 22, 2008)
Time from treatment dispensation to the first occurring of the following: week of first ARV medication change; week of first grade 3 or higher sign/symptom or laboratory abnormality (total bilirubin was excluded) that was at least one grade higher than baseline. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables.
Throughout study follow-up until ddI+FTC+ATV arm closed (May 22, 2008)
Plasma HIV-1 Viral Load Fewer Than 400 Copies/ml (PI Comparison)
기간: At Weeks 24 and 48 (including only follow-up until ddI+FTC+ARV arm closed - May 22, 2008)
Number of participants with plasma HIV-1 Viral load fewer than 400 copies/mL at study visit weeks 24 and 48. Closest observed result between 20 and up to 28 weeks (for week 24), and between 44 and up to 52 (for week 48) used if multiple results available. Missing values excluded, and both study treatment status and history ignored.
At Weeks 24 and 48 (including only follow-up until ddI+FTC+ARV arm closed - May 22, 2008)
Time to Loss of Virologic Response by Week 48 (Defined by FDA TLOVR Algorithm - Excluding Study Allowed ARV Substitutions)(PI Comparison)
기간: Week 48 (using follow-up only until closing of ddI+FTV+ATV arm on May 22,2008)
Time from randomization to any of the following events occurring prior to week 48: discontinued ARV regimen (see time to discontinuation of initial ARV therapy above); discontinued study follow-up or died; absence of virologic suppression defined as 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values < 400 copies/mL; two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values > 400 copies/mL following virologic suppression.
Week 48 (using follow-up only until closing of ddI+FTV+ATV arm on May 22,2008)
Time to Loss of Virologic Response at Week 48 (Defined by FDA TLOVR Algorithm - Including All ARV Substitutions)(PI Comparison)
기간: Week 48 (using follow-up only until closing of ddI+FTV+ATV arm on May 22,2008)
Time from randomization to any of the following events occurring prior to week 48: changed any ARV medication (including permanent discontinuation of all medications); discontinued study follow-up or died; absence of virologic suppression defined as 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values < 400 copies/mL; two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values > 400 copies/mL following virologic suppression.
Week 48 (using follow-up only until closing of ddI+FTV+ATV arm on May 22,2008)
Time to Discontinuation of Initial Antiretroviral (ARV) Therapy (NRTI Comparison)
기간: Throughout follow-up until study closed (May 31,2010)
Time is measured from date of treatment initiation to earliest of the following: date of last participant contact (premature discontinuation of study follow-up); date all ARV medications were held (if all medications held for at least 8 weeks, for any reason); date that any ARV medication was changed (excluding the following single ARV substitutions: stavudine or tenofovir for zidovudine, nevirapine for efavirenz, or didanosine for tenofovir).
Throughout follow-up until study closed (May 31,2010)
Time to Immunologic Failure (NRTI Comparison)
기간: At or after Week 48 (including all follow-up through study closure - May 31,2010)
Time from randomization to the first scheduled study visit (week 48 or later) with a CD4+ cell count fewer than 100 cells/mm3.
At or after Week 48 (including all follow-up through study closure - May 31,2010)
Change in CD4 Count From Screening to Weeks 24, 48, 96 (NRTI Comparison)
기간: weeks 24, 48 and 96 (including all follow-up through to study closure on May 31, 2010)
Available pre-randomization CD4 cell counts were limited to the single CD4 cell count used for study eligibility (and therefore must have been fewer than 300 cells/mm3).
weeks 24, 48 and 96 (including all follow-up through to study closure on May 31, 2010)
Plasma HIV-1 Viral Load Fewer Than 400 Copies/ml (NRTI Comparison)
기간: At Weeks 24 and 48 (including follow-up through to study closure on May 31, 2010)
Number of participants with plasma HIV-1 Viral load fewer than 400 copies/mL at study visit weeks 24 and 48. Closest observed result between 20 and up to 28 weeks (for week 24), and between 44 and up to 52 (for week 48) used if multiple results available. Missing values excluded, and both study treatment status and history ignored.
At Weeks 24 and 48 (including follow-up through to study closure on May 31, 2010)
Time to Loss of Virologic Response at Week 48 (Defined by FDA TLOVR Algorithm - Excluding Study Allowed ARV Substitutions)(NRTI Comparison)
기간: Week 48 (using follow-up through study closure on May 31,2010)
Time from randomization to any of the following events occurring prior to week 48: discontinued ARV regimen (see time to discontinuation of initial ARV therapy above); discontinued study follow-up or died; absence of virologic suppression defined as 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values < 400 copies/mL; two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values > 400 copies/mL following virologic suppression.
Week 48 (using follow-up through study closure on May 31,2010)
Time to Loss of Virologic Response at Week 96 (Defined by FDA TLOVR Algorithm - Excluding Study Allowed ARV Substitutions)(NRTI Comparison)
기간: Week 96 (using follow-up through to study closure on May 31,2010)
Time from randomization to any of the following events occurring prior to week 96: discontinued ARV regimen (see time to discontinuation of initial ARV therapy above); discontinued study follow-up or died; absence of virologic suppression defined as 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values < 400 copies/mL; two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values > 400 copies/mL following virologic suppression.
Week 96 (using follow-up through to study closure on May 31,2010)
Time to Loss of Virologic Response at Week 48 (Defined by FDA TLOVR Algorithm - Including All ARV Substitutions)(NRTI Comparison)
기간: Week 48 using follow-up through study closure on May 31,2010
Time from randomization to any of the following events occurring prior to week 48: changed any ARV medication (including permanent discontinuation of all medications); discontinued study follow-up or died; absence of virologic suppression defined as 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values < 400 copies/mL; two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values > 400 copies/mL following virologic suppression.
Week 48 using follow-up through study closure on May 31,2010
Time to Loss of Virologic Response at Week 96 (Defined by FDA TLOVR Algorithm - Including All ARV Substitutions)(NRTI Comparison)
기간: Week 96 using follow-up through study closure on May 31,2010
Time to any of the following events occurring prior to week 96: changed any ARV medication (including permanent discontinuation of all medications); discontinued study follow-up or died; absence of virologic suppression defined as 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values < 400 copies/mL; two consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA values > 400 copies/mL following virologic suppression.
Week 96 using follow-up through study closure on May 31,2010
Time to First Dose Modification or Grade 3 or 4 Adverse Event (NRTI Comparison)
기간: Throughout study follow-up until study closure (May 31, 2010)
Time from treatment dispensation to the first occurring of the following: week of first ARV medication change; week of first grade 3 or higher sign/symptom or laboratory abnormality (total bilirubin was excluded) that was at least one grade higher than baseline. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables.
Throughout study follow-up until study closure (May 31, 2010)

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

AIDS Clinical Trials Group

협력자

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

수사관

  • 연구 의자: Thomas B. Campbell, MD, University of Colorado, Denver
  • 연구 의자: Timothy Flanigan, MD, The Miriam Hospital
  • 연구 의자: James Hakim, MscClinEpi, FRCP, Department of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe
  • 연구 의자: Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, MD, Centre for AIDS Research and Education

간행물 및 유용한 링크

연구에 대한 정보 입력을 담당하는 사람이 자발적으로 이러한 간행물을 제공합니다. 이것은 연구와 관련된 모든 것에 관한 것일 수 있습니다.

일반 간행물

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작

2005년 5월 1일

기본 완료 (실제)

2010년 5월 1일

연구 완료 (실제)

2010년 5월 1일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2004년 6월 7일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2004년 6월 7일

처음 게시됨 (추정)

2004년 6월 8일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)

2018년 10월 10일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2018년 9월 11일

마지막으로 확인됨

2018년 9월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

키워드

추가 관련 MeSH 약관

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • ACTG A5175
  • 1U01AI068636 (미국 NIH 보조금/계약)
  • 5K24AI051966-03 (미국 NIH 보조금/계약)
  • PEARLS
  • A5185s

이 정보는 변경 없이 clinicaltrials.gov 웹사이트에서 직접 가져온 것입니다. 귀하의 연구 세부 정보를 변경, 제거 또는 업데이트하도록 요청하는 경우 register@clinicaltrials.gov. 문의하십시오. 변경 사항이 clinicaltrials.gov에 구현되는 즉시 저희 웹사이트에도 자동으로 업데이트됩니다. .

HIV 감염에 대한 임상 시험

Efavirenz에 대한 임상 시험

유사한 임상시험 검색

스폰서 및 공동 작업자

건강 상태

약물 개입

CROs by country

CROs in Kyrgyzstan

정황

희귀 질병

약물 개입

식이 보충제

스폰서 / 협력자

위치

구독하다