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Effects of Physical and Cognitive Fatigue on Reaction Time and Depth Perception in Adolescents

28 de setembro de 2026 atualizado por: Ahmet Kaan Aslan, AslanAhmetKaan

Differential Effects of Physical, Cognitive, and Combined Fatigue on Reaction Time and Depth Perception in Adolescents

This study investigates how physical fatigue, cognitive fatigue, and a combination of both affect reaction time and depth perception in adolescents.

Sixty healthy adolescents will participate in four experimental conditions: a control condition, a physical fatigue condition, a cognitive fatigue condition, and a combined fatigue condition. Physical fatigue will be induced using a modified shuttle run protocol, while cognitive fatigue will be induced using computerized Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks.

Reaction time will be assessed using the BlazePod system, and depth perception will be evaluated using the Titmus Fly Stereotest before and after each condition. Heart rate, perceived exertion, and mental fatigue will also be measured to verify the effectiveness of the fatigue protocols.

The findings may improve understanding of how different types of fatigue influence perceptual and motor performance in adolescents and may contribute to the development of safer and more effective training and sport participation strategies.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Concluído

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Descrição detalhada

Fatigue is a multifactorial phenomenon that can impair cognitive, perceptual, and motor performance. While the independent effects of physical fatigue and cognitive fatigue have been widely investigated, limited evidence exists regarding their comparative and combined effects on reaction time and depth perception during adolescence. Because perceptual and motor functions play a critical role in sports performance, injury prevention, and daily activities, understanding the effects of different fatigue states in adolescents is of practical and scientific importance.

The purpose of this study is to examine the differential effects of physical fatigue, cognitive fatigue, and combined fatigue on reaction time and depth perception in healthy adolescents. A within-subject crossover design will be employed, in which each participant completes four experimental conditions: control, physical fatigue, cognitive fatigue, and combined fatigue. Physical fatigue will be induced using a modified 20-meter shuttle run protocol. Cognitive fatigue will be induced through computerized Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks designed to impose sustained demands on attention, inhibitory control, working memory, and information processing. The combined fatigue condition will include both physical and cognitive fatigue protocols within the same session.

Reaction time will be measured using the BlazePod wireless light-based system, and depth perception will be assessed using the Titmus Fly Stereotest. Measurements will be obtained immediately before and after each experimental condition. Heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and mental fatigue scores will be collected as manipulation checks to confirm the effectiveness of the fatigue protocols.

The results of this study are expected to improve understanding of the mechanisms through which different types of fatigue influence perceptual and motor performance in adolescents and may provide practical implications for youth sports training, performance monitoring, and injury prevention strategies.

Tipo de estudo

Intervencional

Inscrição (Real)

60

Estágio

  • Não aplicável

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Locais de estudo

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

14 anos a 18 anos (Filho, Adulto)

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Sim

Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo

Tudo

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adolescents aged 14 to 18 years.
  • Male or female participants.
  • Normal or corrected-to-normal vision.
  • Ability to understand and follow study procedures.
  • Written informed consent from both the participant and a parent/legal guardian.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of neurological disorders.
  • Visual disorders affecting depth perception.
  • Orthopedic injuries or musculoskeletal conditions limiting physical activity.
  • Any medical condition that would contraindicate participation in physical exercise.
  • Failure to complete all experimental sessions.

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Finalidade Principal: Ciência básica
  • Alocação: Randomizado
  • Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição cruzada
  • Mascaramento: Nenhum (rótulo aberto)

Armas e Intervenções

Grupo de Participantes / Braço
Intervenção / Tratamento
Experimental: Control Condition

Participants completed the testing procedures without exposure to any physical or cognitive fatigue protocol. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the control condition.

Participants completed the testing procedures without exposure to any physical or cognitive fatigue protocol.

Experimental: Physical Fatigue Condition

Participants completed a 16-minute modified 20-meter shuttle run protocol designed to induce physical fatigue. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the protocol.

A 16-minute modified 20-meter shuttle run protocol designed to induce physical fatigue through progressively increasing running intensity.

Experimental: Cognitive Fatigue Condition

Participants completed a 16-minute cognitive fatigue protocol consisting of an 8-minute Stroop task and an 8-minute mental arithmetic task. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the protocol.

A 16-minute computerized protocol consisting of Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks designed to induce cognitive fatigue.

Experimental: Combined Fatigue Condition

Participants completed a combined fatigue protocol consisting of 8 minutes of a modified shuttle run followed by 4 minutes of a Stroop task and 4 minutes of a mental arithmetic task. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the protocol.

A protocol combining physical and cognitive fatigue tasks, including a modified shuttle run, Stroop task, and mental arithmetic task.

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Reaction Time
Prazo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.

Reaction time will be assessed using the BlazePod wireless light-based system. Reaction time will be recorded in milliseconds as the latency between stimulus presentation and participant response. Two trials will be performed, and the best performance will be used for analysis.

Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
Depth Perception
Prazo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.

Depth perception will be assessed using the Titmus Fly Stereotest. Stereopsis will be expressed in arc seconds, with lower values indicating better depth perception performance. Two trials will be conducted at each measurement point, and the lowest value will be used for analysis.

Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Heart Rate
Prazo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.

Heart rate will be measured before and after each experimental condition using photoplethysmography (PPG)-based smartwatches to verify the effectiveness of fatigue induction.

Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
Prazo: Perceived exertion will be assessed using the Borg CR-20 Scale before and after each experimental condition to evaluate subjective fatigue levels.

Perceived exertion will be assessed using the Borg CR-20 Scale before and after each experimental condition to evaluate subjective fatigue levels.

Perceived exertion will be assessed using the Borg CR-20 Scale before and after each experimental condition to evaluate subjective fatigue levels.
Mental Fatigue Scale Score
Prazo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.

Mental fatigue will be assessed using the Mental Fatigue Scale (MFS), a 15-item self-report questionnaire measuring cognitive, emotional, and sensory aspects of fatigue.

Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Investigadores

  • Investigador principal: Ahmet Kaan ASLAN, PhD, Gazi University

Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Real)

1 de abril de 2026

Conclusão Primária (Real)

21 de maio de 2026

Conclusão do estudo (Real)

31 de maio de 2026

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

28 de setembro de 2026

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

28 de setembro de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

2 de outubro de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

2 de outubro de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

28 de setembro de 2026

Última verificação

1 de setembro de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • Kaaslan-1

Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)

Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?

NÃO

Descrição do plano IPD

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available. Data contain information collected from adolescent participants, and sharing is restricted to protect participant confidentiality and privacy.

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .