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Satiety Evaluation of Mature Okra Flour-incorporated Biscuit (MOFB)

2026年6月3日 更新者:Tan Chee Yee、Universiti Putra Malaysia

Evaluating the Impact of Mature Okra Flour-Incorporated Biscuits (MOFB) on Perceived Satiety Through the Satiety Labeled Intensity Magnitude (SLIM) Scale and Metabolomic Approach

This study aims to evaluate whether eating biscuits made with mature okra flour can help young adults feel fuller (enhance satiety) and change certain blood markers compared to eating standard biscuits.

Mature okra is a nutrient-dense agricultural by-product that is often discarded due to its tough texture. For this study, mature okra pods are dried and ground into a flour, which is then used to replace 10% of the wheat flour in a custom biscuit formulation.

Participants will take part in a single-blind, randomised trial where they will consume either the okra-incorporated biscuits or the standard control biscuits on separate occasions. Researchers will measure participants' perceived fullness over 165 minutes using a visual rating scale. Blood samples will also be collected at specific intervals during this time to evaluate blood glucose levels, appetite-related hormones, and metabolic responses.

研究概览

地位

招聘中

条件

干预/治疗

详细说明

Okra is one of the top ten most consumed vegetable crops by Malaysians, with 1.7kg per capita consumption as reported by the Department of Statistic Malaysia in 2023. Among the total 65.6 thousand tonnes of output available, around 7.7% of the okra is turned into waste and partially fed to the livestock. Mature okra becomes unmarketable and turns into waste because it develops a tougher, more fibrous texture and a less desirable taste, unlike tender, immature okra, which is typically preferred for consumption. Studies in the literature found that mature okra also possesses comparable nutrient content or is even better than immature okra in certain aspects. Incorporation of agricultural waste, for instance, mature okra, into food products can offer significant health advantages besides reducing waste and also promotes a sustainable future, aligning with the objectives of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) goal No.12. Besides, transforming mature okra and other agricultural by-products into functional or value-added foods is an urge to address environmental and unsustainable use of natural resources. This study aims to evaluate the impact of mature okra flour-incorporated biscuits (MOFB) on perceived satiety and metabolomic responses. Mature okra flour will be prepared by dehydrating and grinding okra pods, then incorporated into biscuits at 10% substitution of wheat flour. This ratio of mature okra flour incorporation is pre-determined based on the previous phase study, as this ratio of incorporation results in a better nutritional profile and an acceptable sensorial score. Subsequently, thirty healthy young adults will participate in a single-blind, randomised trial comparing MOFB and control biscuits. Satiety will be assessed using the SLIM scale and blood glucose measurements over 165 minutes post-consumption. Blood samples will be collected for hormone and metabolomic analyses using ELISA, RIA, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The findings will help determine whether MOFB enhances satiety and alters metabolic profiles, supporting its potential as a functional food for appetite regulation.

研究类型

介入性

注册 (估计的)

30

阶段

  • 不适用

联系人和位置

本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息,以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。

学习联系方式

研究联系人备份

学习地点

    • Selangor
      • Serdang、Selangor、马来西亚、43400
        • 招聘中
        • Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
        • 接触:
        • 首席研究员:
          • Mohd Redzwan Sabran, PhD
        • 副研究员:
          • Chee Yee Tan

参与标准

研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人,称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。

资格标准

适合学习的年龄

  • 成人

接受健康志愿者

是的

描述

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Young adults aged between 18 and 39 years.
  • Normal Body Mass Index (BMI).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Smokers.
  • Pregnant or lactating women.
  • Individuals with daily medication prescriptions for chronic metabolic conditions, cardiovascular management, or hormonal regulation.
  • Use of daily medications/supplements that influence appetite regulation, metabolic signalling, or systemic metabolomic profiles, including:

    1. Hormonal contraceptives, glucocorticoids, and oral/injectable anti-obesity medications (e.g., GLP-1 agonists).
    2. Antihypertensives and lipid-lowering agents (statins).
    3. Chronic Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs).
    4. Daily fibre supplements.

学习计划

本节提供研究计划的详细信息,包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。

研究是如何设计的?

设计细节

  • 主要用途:其他
  • 分配:随机化
  • 介入模型:并行分配
  • 屏蔽:单身的

武器和干预

参与者组/臂
干预/治疗
实验性的:Mature Okra Flour-incorporated Biscuit (MOFB) Group
Young adult participants assigned to this group will consume the functional biscuit formulation incorporated with mature okra flour. Perceived satiety, metabolomic profiles, and appetite signalling will be assessed post-ingestion.
Standard biscuit formulation manufactured where 10% of the wheat flour is substituted with mature okra flour, designed to enhance the nutritional profile while maintaining acceptable sensory scores.
有源比较器:Control Biscuit Group
Young adult participants assigned to this group will consume the standard control biscuit formulation made with 100% wheat flour. Perceived satiety, metabolomic profiles, and appetite signalling will be assessed post-ingestion.
Standard biscuit formulation manufactured using 100% wheat flour, designed to match the sensory profile and appearance of the experimental biscuit without the inclusion of mature okra flour.

研究衡量的是什么?

主要结果指标

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Satiety Response
大体时间:Baseline (0 minutes) and post-consumption at 15, 45, 75, 105, 135, and 165 minutes
The satiety response after biscuit consumption will be determined by the Satiety Labeled Intensity Magnitude (SLIM) scale. The SLIM scale consists of a 100mm vertical line with labelled phrases to indicate satiety: "greatest imaginable fullness", "extremely full", "very full", "moderately full", "slightly full", "neither hungry nor full", "slightly hungry", "moderately hungry", "very hungry", and "extremely hungry", and "greatest imaginable hunger". The first satiety survey is filled before breakfast (time 0), and the remaining surveys at 15, 45, 75, 105, 135 and 165 min later.
Baseline (0 minutes) and post-consumption at 15, 45, 75, 105, 135, and 165 minutes
Change in Plasma Insulin Concentration
大体时间:Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Plasma concentration of insulin will be measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. This metric evaluates metabolic responses to the biscuit interventions.
Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Change in Active Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Concentration
大体时间:Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Plasma concentration of active GLP-1 will be measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. This metric evaluates anorexigenic hormone responses to the biscuit interventions.
Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Change in Plasma Peptide YY (PYY3-36) Concentration
大体时间:Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Plasma concentration of PYY3-36 will be measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. This metric evaluates anorexigenic hormone responses to the biscuit interventions.
Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Change in Plasma Cholecystokinin (CCK) Concentration
大体时间:Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Plasma concentration of CCK will be determined using a radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit. This metric evaluates anorexigenic hormone responses to the biscuit interventions.
Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Change in Active Ghrelin Concentration
大体时间:Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Plasma concentration of active ghrelin will be measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. This metric evaluates orexigenic hormone responses to the biscuit interventions.
Fasting state (0 minutes), 75 minutes, and 165 minutes post-consumption
Changes in Metabolite Profiles
大体时间:Fasting state (0 minutes) and 165 minutes post-consumption
For metabolomic analysis, the blood samples will be taken in the fasting state (0 min) and after the last satiety survey (165 min). Metabolites will be quantified by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, and the serum samples will be prepared according to In Vitro Diagnostics Research (IVDr) standard operating procedures.
Fasting state (0 minutes) and 165 minutes post-consumption

次要结果测量

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Blood Glucose Response
大体时间:Baseline (0 minutes) and post-consumption at 15, 45, 75, 105, 135, and 165 minutes
The capillary blood glucose will be measured using the finger-prick method during the fasting state (time 0), and at 15, 45, 75, 105, 135 and 165 min later.
Baseline (0 minutes) and post-consumption at 15, 45, 75, 105, 135, and 165 minutes
Ad Libitum Energy Intake at a Subsequent Meal
大体时间:At the end of the satiety evaluation session (165 minutes post-biscuit consumption)
Following the 165-minute satiety evaluation session, participants will be served an ad libitum meal consisting of fried rice and requested to consume as much as they want until comfortably full. The weight of the food consumed will be calculated by subtracting the remaining food weight from the initial served weight using a digital weighing scale (accurate to 1.0 g). Total energy intake will be calculated by multiplying the weight of the food consumed by the specific caloric content of the fried rice (expressed in kilocalories).
At the end of the satiety evaluation session (165 minutes post-biscuit consumption)

合作者和调查者

在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。

赞助

调查人员

  • 学习椅:Mohd Redzwan Sabran, PhD、Universiti Putra Malaysia

研究记录日期

这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查,以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。

研究主要日期

学习开始 (实际的)

2026年5月15日

初级完成 (估计的)

2026年6月25日

研究完成 (估计的)

2026年6月25日

研究注册日期

首次提交

2026年5月28日

首先提交符合 QC 标准的

2026年6月3日

首次发布 (实际的)

2026年6月8日

研究记录更新

最后更新发布 (实际的)

2026年6月8日

上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新

2026年6月3日

最后验证

2026年6月1日

更多信息

与本研究相关的术语

其他研究编号

  • JKEUPM-2025-1085
  • GP-IPS/2024/9813100 (其他赠款/资助编号:Universiti Putra Malaysia)

计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)

计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)?

IPD 计划说明

Individual participant data will not be publicly shared to protect participant confidentiality in accordance with institutional ethics committee guidelines. However, aggregated study data and final statistical outcomes will be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

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