脂质研究诊所冠状动脉一级预防试验 (CPPT)
确定通过药物治疗降低胆固醇是否能显着降低一组高胆固醇血症但其他方面健康的男性的动脉粥样硬化性冠心病发病率。
从 1973 年 6 月开始,在 CPPT 上花费的总金额为 142,250,000 美元。 我们没有逐年细分。
研究概览
详细说明
背景:
许多前瞻性流行病学研究表明,高胆固醇血症是动脉粥样硬化性冠心病的主要危险因素。 对动物的研究表明,降低血清胆固醇可以预防或逆转动脉粥样硬化,但尚未在人类身上得到令人信服的证明。 冠心病初级预防试验检验了这样一个假设,即降低没有现存冠心病证据的患者的血清胆固醇会降低这些人随后患冠心病的几率。
冠心病是导致死亡的主要原因,也是美国发病率的主要原因。 如果要取得实质性进展,潜在动脉疾病的发展非常缓慢,而且它经常突然发作并迅速致命,因此必须采取预防措施。 冠状动脉一级预防试验 (CPPT) 的积极结果极大地解决了有关降脂益处的争论,并应为高胆固醇血症高危受试者和整个人群提供坚定的建议。
CPPT 是该研究所脂质代谢分部、DHVD、NHLBI 下的脂质研究临床计划的一部分。 美国和加拿大的 12 个脂质研究诊所以及一个协调中心、一个中央心电图实验室、中央脂质和临床化学实验室、一个营养编码中心以及一组招募和依从性顾问参与了这项试验。 该计划的目标包括开发用于诊断高脂蛋白血症的标准化方法和定义,以及对该疾病的流行和自然史进行一系列协作研究,以及冠状动脉一级预防试验的设计和实施。
试验方案于 1972 年 11 月获得批准。 从 1973 年 7 月开始,从医生推荐、血库捐献者名单和大规模筛查计划等不同来源招募患有高胆固醇血症的男性作为潜在的试验对象。 在一系列的四次访问中进一步筛选每个受试者,其目的是仅选择男性(1)其脂质异常是主要的 II 型表型,(2)没有临床表现的冠心病,并且( 3) 其出色的整体健康状况和可靠性使 7-10 年的随访成为一个现实的目标。 此外,为了排除胆固醇水平对饮食高度敏感的男性,在第二次就诊时开始了标准化的限制胆固醇/饱和脂肪饮食。 符合所有选择标准的受试者在第五次就诊时以双盲方式随机分配接受降胆固醇药物考来烯胺或安慰剂。
3,806 名 CPPT 受试者的招募于 1976 年 7 月完成。 在随机化进入研究后,每个受试者每两个月访问一次他的诊所。 在这些访视中,评估了对药物和饮食的依从性,提供了研究药物,监测了一般健康状况和潜在的毒副作用,并记录了干预心血管事件。 每次就诊均给予药物和饮食依从性方面的咨询,发现问题时给予医疗建议。 试验数据在中央患者登记处收集和分析,并由安全和数据监测委员会定期审查。 干预在 1983 年 5 月至 8 月期间停止。 1984 年 11 月开始了为期五年的随访,以检测 CPPT 参与者在服用考来烯胺(或安慰剂) 7 至 10 年后可能出现的毒性。 随访于 1989 年 10 月完成。
设计叙述:
随机、双盲、固定样本大小,一组实验组和一组大小相等的对照组。 饮食与降脂药物方案实验组;饮食和安慰剂方案的对照组。
研究类型
阶段
- 第三阶段
参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:预防
- 分配:随机化
- 屏蔽:双倍的
合作者和调查者
调查人员
- Francois Abboud、University of Iowa
- Elizabeth Barrett-Connor、University of California, San Diego
- Reagan Bradford、Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
- Marilyn Buzzard、University of Minnesota
- Gerald Cooper、Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- John Farquhar、Stanford University
- Ivan Frantz、University of Minnesota
- Anne Goldberg、Washington University School of Medicine
- Frank Ibbott、Bio-Science Laboratories
- William, Insull、Baylor College of Medicine
- Robert Knoop、University of Washington
- Peter Kwiterovich、Johns Hopkins University
- John LaRosa、George Washington University
- J. Little、University of Toronto
- L. Sheffield、University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Dennis Sprecher、University of Cincinnati
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
- Schaefer EJ, Lamon-Fava S, Jenner JL, McNamara JR, Ordovas JM, Davis CE, Abolafia JM, Lippel K, Levy RI. Lipoprotein(a) levels and risk of coronary heart disease in men. The lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. JAMA. 1994 Apr 6;271(13):999-1003. doi: 10.1001/jama.1994.03510370051031.
- The coronary primary prevention trial: design and implementation: the Lipid Research Clinics Program. J Chronic Dis. 1979;32(9-10):609-31. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(79)90092-4. No abstract available.
- Agras WS, Marshall G. Recruitment for the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1979 May;25(5 Pt 2):688-90. doi: 10.1002/cpt1979255part2688.
- Rifkind B, Goor R: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT). Drugs Affecting Lipid Metabolism, l5l-l57, Fumagalli R, Kritchevsky D, Paoletti R (Eds): Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, l980.
- Knopp RH: Test of the Lipid Hypothesis: The Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT) of the Lipid Research Clinics Program. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Atherosclerosis, 509-512, Gotto, AM, Jr. (Ed.): Springer-Verlag, 1980.
- Recruitment for clinical trials: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial experience. Its implications for future trials. Circulation. 1982 Dec;66(6 Pt 2):IV1-78. No abstract available.
- Gordon DJ, Salz KM, Roggenkamp KJ, Franklin FA Jr. Dietary determinants of plasma cholesterol change in the recruitment phase of the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Arteriosclerosis. 1982 Nov-Dec;2(6):537-48. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.2.6.537.
- Gordon DJ, Witztum JL, Hunninghake D, Gates S, Glueck CJ. Habitual physical activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in men with primary hypercholesterolemia. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Circulation. 1983 Mar;67(3):512-20. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.67.3.512.
- Pre-entry characteristics of participants in the Lipid Research Clinics' Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. J Chronic Dis. 1983;36(6):467-79. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(83)90138-8.
- The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1984 Jan 20;251(3):351-64. doi: 10.1001/jama.1984.03340270029025.
- The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA. 1984 Jan 20;251(3):365-74.
- Rifkind BM. Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial: results and implications. Am J Cardiol. 1984 Aug 27;54(5):30C-34C. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(84)90854-3.
- Gordon DJ, Probstfield JL, Rubenstein C, Bremner WF, Leon AS, Karon JM, Third J, Bryan H, Schwartz L, Insull W, et al. Coronary risk factors and exercise test performance in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men: application of proportional hazards analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Aug;120(2):210-24. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113883.
- NHLBI workshop on the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Arteriosclerosis. 1985 Jul-Aug;5(4):397-403. No abstract available.
- Rifkind BM: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT). Heartbeat, 1:7-8, 1985.
- Rifkind BM: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. In Shepherd G, et al (Eds). Lipoproteins and Coronary Heart Disease. London and Glasgow. Blantyre Printing Ltd.:109, 1986.
- Gordon DJ, Knoke J, Probstfield JL, Superko R, Tyroler HA. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease in hypercholesterolemic men: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Circulation. 1986 Dec;74(6):1217-25. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.74.6.1217.
- Glueck CJ, Gordon DJ, Nelson JJ, Davis CE, Tyroler HA. Dietary and other correlates of changes in total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic men: the lipid research clinics coronary primary prevention trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 Oct;44(4):489-500. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/44.4.489.
- Gordon DJ, Leon AS, Ekelund LG, Sopko G, Probstfield JL, Rubenstein C, Sheffield LT. Smoking, physical activity, and other predictors of endurance and heart rate response to exercise in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Apr;125(4):587-600. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114572.
- Knoke JD, Hunninghake DB, Heiss G. Physiological markers of smoking and their relation to coronary heart disease. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Arteriosclerosis. 1987 Sep-Oct;7(5):477-82. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.7.5.477.
- Bradford RH. Participant recruitment to the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1987 Dec;8(4 Suppl):31S-40S. doi: 10.1016/0197-2456(87)90005-5.
- Gordon DJ, Trost DC, Hyde J, Whaley FS, Hannan PJ, Jacobs DR Jr, Ekelund LG. Seasonal cholesterol cycles: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial placebo group. Circulation. 1987 Dec;76(6):1224-31. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.76.6.1224.
- Gordon DJ, Hyde J, Trost DC, Whaley FS, Hannan PJ, Jacobs DR, Ekelund LG. Cyclic seasonal variation in plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial Placebo Group. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41(7):679-89. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(88)90120-5.
- Brook JG, Rifkind BM. The Lipid Research Clinics Primary Prevention Trial and its aftermath. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1988;255:7-14. No abstract available.
- Siscovick DS, Ekelund LG, Hyde JS, Johnson JL, Gordon DJ, LaRosa JC. Physical activity and coronary heart disease among asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men (the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial). Am J Public Health. 1988 Nov;78(11):1428-31. doi: 10.2105/ajph.78.11.1428.
- Ekelund LG, Suchindran CM, McMahon RP, Heiss G, Leon AS, Romhilt DW, Rubenstein CL, Probstfield JL, Ruwitch JF. Coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in hypercholesterolemic men predicted from an exercise test: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989 Sep;14(3):556-63. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(89)90092-2.
- Probstfield JL, Rifkind BM. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial: design, results, and implications. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1991;40 Suppl 1:S69-75. doi: 10.1007/BF03216294.
- The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Results of 6 years of post-trial follow-up. The Lipid Research Clinics Investigators. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Jul;152(7):1399-410.
- Morris DL, Kritchevsky SB, Davis CE. Serum carotenoids and coronary heart disease. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial and Follow-up Study. JAMA. 1994 Nov 9;272(18):1439-41. doi: 10.1001/jama.272.18.1439.
- Participant recruitment to the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. J Chronic Dis. 1983;36(6):451-65. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(83)90137-6.
- Probstfield JL, Russell ML, Henske JC, Reardon RJ, Insull W Jr. Successful program for recovery of dropouts to a clinical trial. Am J Med. 1986 May;80(5):777-84. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90615-7.
- Wanis KN, Madenci AL, Hernan MA, Murray EJ. Adjusting for adherence in randomized trials when adherence is measured as a continuous variable: An application to the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Clin Trials. 2020 Oct;17(5):570-575. doi: 10.1177/1740774520920893. Epub 2020 May 15.
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (估计)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (估计)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
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