妊娠期阿片类药物依赖治疗
丁丙诺啡与美沙酮治疗妊娠期阿片类药物依赖的随机比较有效性临床试验。
在过去十年中,妊娠期阿片类药物依赖的发生率从每年每 1,000 例住院分娩 1.2 例增加到 5.8 例。 1 虽然美沙酮是阿片类药物依赖 (OD) 孕妇目前的标准治疗方法,但丁丙诺啡最近成为替代品。 在最近的一项临床试验 (MOTHER) 中,与美沙酮相比,丁丙诺啡与更优的新生儿结局相关,例如新生儿戒断综合征 (NAS) 的治疗持续时间更短。 然而,与美沙酮相比,丁丙诺啡还与更多的研究中断(33% 对 18%)和非法阿片类药物使用(33% 对 23%)有关。 放弃治疗通常会导致高危行为的复发和恢复,从而掩盖了新生儿结局的任何短期改善。 因此,此 K23 提案的目标是进行一项试点研究,以确定一项随机比较有效性临床试验的可行性和可接受性,该临床试验比较基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮计划治疗 OD 孕妇。
试点研究对于开发未来大规模比较有效性临床试验所需的结果测量、评估工具和参与者跟踪技术至关重要。 对可行性和可接受性的检查还将允许用于描述愿意参与治疗随机化的 OD 孕妇亚群的特征,确定与既定治疗偏好相关的患者和提供者特征,并为提高参与度和增强随机化的普遍性的策略的制定提供信息未来大规模临床试验。
研究概览
详细说明
客观的:
该提案的目标是进行一项试点研究,以确定一项随机比较有效性临床试验的可行性和可接受性,该试验比较了基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮计划,用于治疗阿片类药物依赖的孕妇。
具体目标:
目标 1:评估进行一项随机研究的可行性,比较基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮计划治疗 OD 孕妇。 OD 孕妇 (n=50) 将被随机分配 (1:1) 接受基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮计划。 可行性将通过测量符合条件的 OD 孕妇的比例、登记的人数、留在研究中的人数以及监测治疗计划因素的能力(例如 遵守治疗提供者/设施访问、咨询会议、产前护理访问、社会服务参与)和孕产妇治疗结果,如治疗保留、非法药物使用和 HIV 风险行为。
目标 2:描述 OD 孕妇及其提供者对丁丙诺啡与美沙酮治疗妊娠期阿片类药物依赖的看法。 将通过对三组进行定性半结构化访谈来评估研究的可接受性:(1) 试点参与者以确定他们对指定治疗方案的满意度,并确定治疗方案服务与参与者需求之间的不匹配; (2) 产前护理和阿片类药物治疗提供者确定改善妊娠期治疗过程的方法并提出护理协调的想法; (3) 不符合资格或选择不参加试点试验的 OD 孕妇也将被要求参加面谈,以更广泛地了解对妊娠期阿片类药物治疗计划的态度和观点。
目标 3:确定产后保留治疗的障碍和促进因素,并确定与减少怀孕期间非法药物使用相关的关键功能结果。 非法药物使用复发最常见于产后即刻,此时与母性相关的压力最大。 因此,将在产后 3、6、9 和 12 周对试点参与者进行跟踪,以确定可能影响治疗保留的产后特有障碍和促进因素。 还将探讨产后治疗保留与产妇功能结果之间的关系(例如 母乳喂养、产后抑郁、母亲满意度、婴儿监护、就业和犯罪)。
背景:
在过去十年中,妊娠期阿片类药物依赖的发生率从每年每 1,000 例住院分娩 1.2 例增加到 5.8 例。 虽然美沙酮是阿片类药物依赖 (OD) 孕妇目前的标准治疗方法,但丁丙诺啡最近成为替代品。 在最近的一项临床试验 (MOTHER) 中,与美沙酮相比,丁丙诺啡与更优的新生儿结局相关,例如新生儿戒断综合征 (NAS) 的治疗持续时间更短。 然而,与美沙酮相比,丁丙诺啡还与更多的研究中断(33% 对 18%)和非法阿片类药物使用(33% 对 23%)有关。 放弃治疗通常会导致高危行为的复发和恢复,从而掩盖了新生儿结局的任何短期改善。 因此,出现的下一个研究问题是,对于怀孕期间的特定患者,哪种治疗最有效(丁丙诺啡与美沙酮)?
在临床环境中,产妇特征、治疗计划结构以及患者和提供者偏好的差异可能超过药理学对产妇治疗结果(治疗保留、非法药物使用、HIV 风险行为)的影响。 丁丙诺啡由各种提供者在办公室环境中分发,监管监督少于美沙酮。 美沙酮由联邦许可的设施分发,这些设施通常将咨询和支持服务纳入治疗方案。 成功的门诊治疗依赖于共同的权力和责任、密切的医患关系以及对社会心理合并症的认真关注。 未能将患者问题的严重程度与治疗计划结构的差异相匹配可能会导致不良的孕产妇结局。 因此,为了了解丁丙诺啡与美沙酮在怀孕期间的比较效果,患者问题严重程度和治疗计划结构对孕妇(与孕妇)的影响。 新生儿)结果必须进行比较。
意义:
该项目的研究结果将提供初步数据,以支持比较有效性临床试验,该试验旨在比较基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮计划对 OD 妇女的孕产妇治疗和产后功能结果的影响。 这一系列研究的最终目标是制定循证临床指南,以指导提供者就怀孕期间特定患者的最有效治疗(丁丙诺啡与美沙酮)做出决策。
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Pennsylvania
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Pittsburgh、Pennsylvania、美国、15213
- Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
纳入标准:
- 18 岁以上的孕妇,经超声证实妊娠≤ 28 周的单胎妊娠,符合诊断和统计手册-IV 尿液药物筛查 (UDS) 证实的阿片类药物依赖标准,对阿片类药物维持治疗感兴趣并计划将招募在 Magee 妇女医院 (MWH) 接受产前护理和分娩的女性。
排除标准:
- (1) 对苯二氮卓类药物或酒精的活跃、当前依赖
- (2) 需要立即治疗的急性严重精神疾病(例如 自杀念头)
- (3) 可能禁止或干扰参与的未决或法律行动(例如 监禁)
- (4) 当前使用美沙酮或丁丙诺啡进行既定治疗。 排除标准基于药物滥用和心理健康服务管理局 (SAMHSA) 对基于办公室的丁丙诺啡使用的建议。
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:其他
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:无(打开标签)
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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其他:丁丙诺啡维持治疗
丁丙诺啡维持治疗患者将收到有关在 Magee-Womens 医院的妊娠康复中心进行门诊随访的说明,该医院专门为孕妇提供阿片类药物维持治疗,在参加丁丙诺啡维持治疗的研究后的第二天进行治疗。
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这是一项初步研究,旨在确定一项随机比较有效性临床试验的可行性和可接受性,该试验比较了针对 OD 孕妇的基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮治疗方案。
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其他:美沙酮维持治疗
美沙酮维持治疗患者将立即入住 Magee-Womens 医院接受美沙酮维持治疗的住院诱导。
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这是一项初步研究,旨在确定一项随机比较有效性临床试验的可行性和可接受性,该试验比较了针对 OD 孕妇的基于办公室的丁丙诺啡与联邦许可的美沙酮治疗方案。
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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招募、登记、保留和完成研究的参与者人数。
大体时间:12个月
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每月评估至少 9 名 OD 孕妇的可能参与和登记,每月至少随机分配 4 名参与者到基于诊所的丁丙诺啡 (PRC) 或美沙酮治疗机构 (NATP),总共 50 名参与者超过 12 个月的登记保留 ≥ 80% 的随机参与者直到产后 12 周,并保留 < 5% 的不完整数据。
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12个月
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Elizabeth E Krans, MD, MSc、University of Pittsburgh
出版物和有用的链接
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