造血干细胞的老化 - 骨髓发育不良的分子结构和无效造血对老年人虚弱的临床贡献
贫血的患病率和发病率往往随着年龄的增长而增加。 相对低的血红蛋白浓度是老年人常见的实验室发现,大多数情况下被医生判断为没有临床相关性的征兆或作为对健康没有独立影响的潜在慢性疾病的标志。
近年来,一些研究开始挑战将贫血视为无辜旁观者的普遍和自我延续的看法,报告称一般人群的认知和生活质量结果更差,住院和死亡风险增加。 关注老年人,贫血与衰弱综合征的表型特征有明显关联,影响 3-5% 的 65-70 岁人群,更重要的是 30% 的 85 岁或以上人群。
在虚弱的老年人中,贫血是出现虚弱相关问题(如肌肉无力、运动能力下降、跌倒和死亡率)的一个强有力的预后因素。 营养缺乏、慢性炎症和肾功能不全是老年人贫血的主要原因,而在 25% 的病例中,根本原因仍不明。 初步证据表明,很大一部分“无法解释的贫血”可能是骨髓增生异常 (MDS) 的原因。 MDS 是一种通常发生在老年人身上的疾病,其特征是造血干细胞 (HSC) 的克隆增殖,这些细胞部分保留了分化和成熟的能力,但以低效的方式进行(无效造血)。 贫血是 MDS 中最重要的预后因素。 随着时间的推移,一部分患者会演变成明显的髓系恶性肿瘤(即急性白血病)。
在正常 DNA 复制过程中,健康 HSC 的基因组中发生体细胞突变的频率较低,但可检测到。 虽然大多数突变会被 DNA 修复机制迅速纠正,但那些持续存在的突变会在 HSC 自我更新期间传播。 一些证据表明,这些早期驱动突变决定了未来具有不同临床表型的进化轨迹。 研究界对基因组测序提供的转化机会感到非常兴奋,这可能导致识别特定类型的突变过程,即基因组如何与环境因素相互作用,以确定与衰老相关的临床状况,并导致个性化的实施为每一位患者进行分子诊断和治疗。 在这个转化研究项目中,使用基于下一代测序 (NGS) 技术的综合基因组分析,研究人员计划剖析 MDS 的基因组结构,显着促进虚弱的许多特征和个体脆弱性。 研究人员将对属于“健康与贫血”研究的大型且特征明确的个体队列中的候选基因进行突变分析。 “健康与贫血”是一项基于人群的前瞻性观察研究(2003-2013 年),对象是意大利西北部皮埃蒙特小镇比埃拉市的所有老年居民。 收集了所有患者的血液学参数以及认知和功能状态、情绪和生活质量、疲劳、住院和死亡率方面的数据。 此外,截至 2018 年,当地肿瘤登记处提供了有关血液恶性肿瘤发展的完整信息。 研究人员旨在确定与老年人克隆性造血诱导相关的基因,然后将体细胞突变与临床/血液学特征和进展为 MDS 和/或明显白血病相关联。 此外,研究人员将对来自 CD34+ 区室(造血干细胞、多能祖细胞、普通骨髓祖细胞和粒细胞祖细胞)的单细胞来源的造血细胞集落进行基因分型,以阐明 HSC 中骨髓发育不良的克隆结构、克隆建立的动力学和造血分化过程中的扩张,以及它们与疾病表型和进化的关系。 最后,通过分析来自“健康与贫血研究”的临床数据,研究人员将调查骨髓增生异常相关贫血对衰弱综合征及其临床后遗症发展的临床贡献。 骨髓发育不良分子结构的定义将使我们能够改进目前对老年人贫血的诊断和分类,以及对个体患者疾病相关发病率/死亡率风险的评估。 最后,在骨髓发育不良患者中,基因测序有望预测特定基因型对特定治疗的脆弱性,从而为在个体水平上优化治疗干预的时机和方式提供基础。 MONzino 80-plus 研究的研究人群将用作验证队列。
研究概览
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Milano
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Rozzano、Milano、意大利、20089
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
取样方法
研究人群
描述
健康与贫血试验人群
纳入标准:
- 65 岁或以上
- 居住在意大利比耶拉镇
- 生物样本库的共识
排除标准:
除了年龄、居住地和缺乏生物样本库样本外,没有其他排除标准
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
队列和干预
团体/队列 |
干预/治疗 |
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健康与贫血
属于比耶拉市所有老年居民(>65 岁)的“健康与贫血”前瞻性人口观察研究(2003-2013 年)的个体
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蒙齐诺
属于“Monzino Over 80 trial”的个人
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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基因型-表型相关性
大体时间:2016-2019
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与老年人克隆性造血诱导相关的基因,然后将体细胞突变与临床/血液学特征和进展为 MDS 和/或明显白血病相关联
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2016-2019
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合作者和调查者
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
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