MARS 项目：控制吸烟的移动协助 (MARS)

实验性的：Current Smoker

Within-participant randomization occurred up to 6 times daily to (a) no intervention prompt (b) a prompt recommending a brief (low effort) self-regulatory strategy, or (c) a prompt recommending a more effortful self-regulatory strategy.

行为的：Messages recommending low effort strategies (participants experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are available)

Participants receive messages tailored for situations when they experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are available.

行为的：Messages recommending low effort strategies (participants not experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are available)

Participants receive messages tailored for situations when they are not experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are available.

行为的：Messages recommending low effort strategies (participants experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are not available)

Participants receive messages tailored for situations when they are experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are not available.

行为的：Messages recommending low effort strategies (participants not experiencing negative affect & cigarettes are not available)

Generic messages for situations when participants are neither experiencing negative affect nor cigarettes are available.

行为的：Messages recommending low effort strategies (when participants did not complete the 2-question survey)

Generic messages for situations when participants are neither experiencing negative affect nor cigarettes are available.

行为的：More effortful activity: Moodsurf

Smart phone app that teaches participants a mindfulness-based technique in which participant "surf" the mood.

行为的：More effortful activity: Meditate

Smart phone app that teaches participants a mindfulness-based meditation designed for smoking cessation.

行为的：More effortful activity: Joy

Smart phone app that teaches participants to practice breathing exercise.

行为的：More effortful activity: Imagine

Smart phone app that teaches participants to use their imagination to explore and manage their thoughts and feelings.

行为的：More effortful activity: Notice

Smart phone app that teaches participants to accept their thoughts and feelings.

Proportion of Randomized Decision Points in Which Participant Reported Proximal Engagement by Randomized Assignment

Within-person randomization occurred (2:1:1) up to 6 times daily for 10 days to (a) no intervention prompt (b) prompt to engage with a low effort strategy or (c) prompt to engage with a more effortful strategy.

Proximal Engagement (PE) with strategies is a binary indicator of engagement, coded as 1 (engaged) if the participant answered "Yes" to at least one of the three items below and as 0 (not engaged) if they answered "No" to all three items below.

The three EMA items used to operationalize PE were:

1. "Think about the most recent tip or activity recommended by MARS. Did you use it in the last hour?" (Yes or No);
2. "In the last hour, did you use any other tip or activity recommended by MARS?" (Yes or No);
3. "In the last hour, did you use any other tip or activity not included in MARS?" (Yes or No).

Proportions were first determined for each participant, then averaged across participants. There were up to 60 decision points per participant.

Proportion of Randomized Decision Points in Which the Participant Reported Proximal Engagement by Randomized Assignment.

Within-person randomization occurred (2:1:1) up to 6 times daily for 10 days to (a) no intervention prompt (b) prompt to engage with a low effort strategy or (c) prompt to engage with a more effortful strategy.

Proximal Engagement (PE) with strategies is a binary indicator of engagement, coded as 1 (engaged) if the participant answered "Yes" to at least one of the three items below and as 0 (not engaged) if they answered "No" to all three items below.

The three EMA items used to operationalize PE were:

1. "Think about the most recent tip or activity recommended by MARS. Did you use it in the last hour?" (Yes or No);
2. "In the last hour, did you use any other tip or activity recommended by MARS?" (Yes or No);
3. "In the last hour, did you use any other tip or activity not included in MARS?" (Yes or No).

Proportions were first determined for each participant, then averaged across participants. There were up to 60 decision points per participant.

Proximal Cigarette Use

Proximal Cigarette Use (PCU) was assessed with the EMA item, "Since the last assessment, did you use any of the following (check all that apply): Cigarettes; Vape pen, JUUL, or e-cigarettes; Cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars; Smokeless tobacco/snus/dissolvable tobacco; Marijuana/Cannabis; Alcohol; None." A binary indicator of Proximal Cigarette Use was created, coded as 1 if the response included "Cigarettes" and 0 otherwise.

This outcome measure reports the proportion that reported PCU at 1 hour following micro-randomization.

The intent of this Outcome Measures is to report overall PCU use according to participant's self-reported engagement with self-regulatory strategies.

Proximal Nicotine-Containing Non-Cessation Product (NCNCP) Use

Proximal Nicotine-Containing Non-Cessation Product Use (NCNCP) was assessed with the EMA item, "Since the last assessment, did you use any of the following (check all that apply): Cigarettes; Vape pen, JUUL, or e-cigarettes; Cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars; Smokeless tobacco/snus/dissolvable tobacco; Marijuana/Cannabis; Alcohol; None." A binary indicator of Proximal NCNCP Use was created, coded as 1 if the response included "Cigarettes", "Vape pen, JUUL, or e-cigarette," "Cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars," or "Smokeless tobacco/snus/dissolvable tobacco," and 0 otherwise.

This outcome measure will report the proportion that reported NCNCP Use at 1 hour following micro-randomization.

Proximal Tobacco Product Use (PTPU) Use

Proximal Nicotine-Containing Non-Cessation Product Use (PTPU) was assessed with the EMA item, "Since the last assessment, did you use any of the following (check all that apply): Cigarettes; Vape pen, JUUL, or e-cigarettes; Cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars; Smokeless tobacco/snus/dissolvable tobacco; Marijuana/Cannabis; Alcohol; None." A binary indicator of PTPU was created, coded as 1 if the response included "Cigarettes", "Cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars," or "Smokeless tobacco/snus/dissolvable tobacco," and 0 otherwise.

This outcome measure will report the proportion that reported PTPU at 1 hour following micro-randomization.