尿液替诺福韦床旁测试以确定需要 ART 依从性支持的患者(UTRA 研究)
ART 用于 HIV 感染者以抑制病毒,从而改善个人的健康并减少病毒传播给他人。 ART 的成功取决于坚持。 目前,依从性是通过直接询问患者然后通过病毒载量测试确认来评估的,这种测试很昂贵,而且通常只有在病毒载量已经升高时才进行。 因此,需要找到一种方法来在病毒载量上升之前及早发现依从性问题。
最近开发了一种基于尿液的测试,称为 UTRA(尿液替诺福韦快速检测)。 该测试可以为诊所工作人员提供关于一个人是否坚持使用抗逆转录病毒药物替诺福韦 (TDF) 的即时结果。 该研究将把这种尿检结果与血液中发现的药物水平、自我报告的依从性和药房收集记录进行比较,以确定这种检测是否可以用作 ART 诊所常规护理的一部分。 如果测试有效,它将允许诊所工作人员及早识别出有依从性困难的人,并在他们的病毒载量上升之前为他们提供必要的支持。
研究概览
详细说明
这是一项随机研究,招募了 200 名接受基于 TDF 的 ART 的人。 参与者将按 1:1 的比例随机接受干预与标准强化依从性咨询。 干预参与者将收到基于尿液测试反馈的依从性支持包。 研究人员将在入组后 12 个月评估依从性测试对每组 VL 抑制率的影响(无需改变方案)。 招募具有依从性挑战的参与者可以提高效率,并反映在我们的环境中需要依从性支持的人群。
用于本研究的 UTRA 设备已获得 FDA 非重大风险 (NSR) 称号,并获得 IDE 豁免。
可行性:
研究人员将跟踪每组参与者在研究中的保留情况、错过就诊以及干预组进行的尿液评估次数。
可接受性:
所有登记的参与者还将完成一份关于他们收到的依从性支持的可接受性的标准化问卷。 这种可接受性的衡量标准将作为次要结果由 arm 进行评估,以及与 arm 中描述的低/高可接受性相关的社会人口统计资料。
定性程序:
- 参与者深度访谈:定性数据将包括使用由经验丰富的社会行为科学家进行的半结构化指南对参与者进行的深度访谈(n~20;在治疗的 6-9 个月内对每位参与者进行约 3-4 次访谈) . 半结构化访谈指南将引出对尿液依从性指标和咨询信息的感受、对隐私的担忧、接受此类结果的优势/劣势,以及该监测测试对持续坚持 ART 或仅对短期坚持的可能影响. 访谈将以参与者的首选语言进行。
- 卫生保健工作者访谈:研究人员还将通过采访卫生保健提供者来评估干预的可行性,他们将在未来的临床护理点进行 UTRA 测试。 该研究将在研究结束时使用深入访谈 (n~10) 来检查提供者对检测的看法,评估感知的有用性、使用的复杂性、污名/社会危害和好处。 这些访谈还将引发障碍和促进因素,以传递基于尿液化验的咨询信息。
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Western Cape
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Cape Town、Western Cape、南非、7925
- Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, University of Cape Town
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
描述
纳入标准:
- ≥18岁
- 愿意并能够提供书面知情同意书
- HIV 感染者,正在接受或(重新)开始基于替诺福韦的 ART 方案
- 当前的 ART 方案包括至少一种具有高耐药基因屏障的药物,例如 dolutegravir、atazanavir/ritonavir、darunavir/ritonavir 或 lopinavir/ritonavir。
- 任何先前升高的病毒载量 >50 拷贝/毫升(ART 启动后)。
- 愿意并能够遵守实验室测试和其他研究程序
排除标准:
- 不愿意或不能以所提供的任何语言提供知情同意
- 未接受基于替诺福韦的 ART 方案
- 如果参与研究,研究者认为会使患者面临更高风险的任何其他临床状况。
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:预防
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:无(打开标签)
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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实验性的:干涉
通过带反馈的尿液 TFV 检测进行 POC 依从性测试
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收集干预参与者的尿液并筛查 TFV 的存在。
将根据 UTRA 结果向参与者提供关于他们遵守标准依从性咨询的反馈。
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无干预:护理标准
标准强化依从性咨询,SA 卫生部,2020 年 3 月
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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每个治疗组中达到病毒抑制至<50拷贝/ml的参与者比例
大体时间:12个月
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使用意向性治疗分析评估两组的抑制率(VL< 50 份\/mL)。
将在入组时、第 6 个月和第 12 个月储存血浆,用于研究完成后的病毒载量检测。
样本采用 Alinity m HIV-1 检测(Abbott Laboratories,美国伊利诺伊州 Abbott Park)进行分析;检测下限为 10 份\/mL,或 COBAS® AmpliPrep\/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 检测 v2.0(Roche Diagnostics,巴塞尔,瑞士);检测下限为 20 份\/mL。
全血经离心后,血浆根据国家标准操作程序在自动分析仪上进行检测。
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12个月
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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保持在护理中的参与者人数
大体时间:12 个月
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入组后,随访将在每12周的间隔进行:在第3个月、第6个月、第9个月和第12个月;并将尽可能与常规门诊就诊同步。
访视窗口期是连续的,每个窗口期延长至访视目标日期前后各6周。
如果参与者在12周的访视窗口期内未就诊,则该次访视被视为缺失。
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12 个月
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病毒抑制(<50拷贝/毫升)
大体时间:6个月
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采用意向性治疗分析评估两个研究组的病毒抑制率(VL<50 拷贝/mL)。
样本分别使用 Alinity m HIV-1 检测(美国伊利诺伊州雅培公园,雅培实验室)进行分析;检测下限(LLD)10 拷贝/mL,或使用 COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 检测 2.0 版(瑞士巴塞尔,罗氏诊断);检测下限 20 拷贝/mL。
全血离心后,血浆将根据国家标准操作程序在全自动分析仪上进行检测。
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6个月
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The Proportion of Participants Indicating "Strongly Agree" or "Agree" Averaged Across 10 Items, Each Using a Five-point Likert Scale to Measure Aspects of the Adherence Support Intervention (i.e., by Arm: UTRA-informed or Standard of Care)
大体时间:12个月
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参与者在12个月时对10个项目表示"非常同意"或"同意"的比例平均值,每个项目采用五点评分李克特量表测量依从性支持干预的可接受性各个方面(即按分组:基于UTRA或标准护理)。李克特量表回答范围从"非常同意"到"非常不同意"。
可接受性的方面包括:卫生工作者的支持、卫生工作者讨论患者治疗的时间、患者对了解自身依从性的看法、被监控的感觉(负向评分)以及对依从性的自我满意度。
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12个月
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合作者和调查者
合作者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Monica Gandhi, MD、University of California, San Francisco
出版物和有用的链接
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