心理社会因素与远程认知矫正对创伤后应激障碍疗效的关系
同步远程认知矫正方案对创伤后应激障碍患者的心理社会决定因素及影响。
本临床试验旨在评估基于计算机的大脑训练是否有助于患有创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的成年人。PTSD患者通常会在记忆、注意力、集中力和解决问题方面遇到困难,这些困难可能显著影响他们的日常生活、工作表现和整体生活质量。这些认知挑战可能阻碍创伤恢复,并降低标准PTSD治疗的效果。
本研究试图解决的主要问题是:
与常规电脑游戏相比,专门的大脑训练是否能改善PTSD症状?大脑训练是否能增强认知功能,如记忆、注意力、处理速度和执行功能?大脑训练是否能提高生活质量和日常功能?参与者的自我效能感和感知的社会支持是否会影响治疗结果?
研究人员将比较两种方法:一种结合策略教学和生活质量讨论的专门认知训练程序(HAPPYneuron Pro),另一种结合生活质量讨论的引人入胜的电脑游戏,以确定哪种方法对PTSD患者更有效。
研究设计
参与者将被随机分配到两组之一,进行为期8周的计划:
认知矫正训练组:完成专门设计用于增强记忆、注意力和执行功能的计算机化认知练习和策略教学,并结合生活质量讨论。
对照组:完成引人入胜的电脑游戏,并结合生活质量讨论。
时间安排
两组将遵循相同的时间安排:
每周一次在线会议,每组由6名参与者组成的小型固定小组进行。每次60分钟的会议包括30分钟的电脑活动,然后是45分钟的集体讨论。
每周一次家庭个人作业练习(在家30分钟)。
总时间投入:每周1小时45分钟,持续8周。
评估 所有参与者将完成三次全面评估会议:治疗前、8周计划结束后立即进行,以及3个月后。评估包括神经心理学测试和关于PTSD症状、抑郁、焦虑、生活质量、生活满意度、社会支持、认知失败和自我效能感的问卷。
意义 本研究评估了一种新的、可访问且可远程提供的PTSD治疗方法。当前基于证据的治疗通常不直接针对许多PTSD患者所经历的认知障碍。
补偿 参与者将在每次完成评估后获得35美元(最高105美元)。对照组参与者在完成参与后,将获得认知矫正训练程序的访问权限。
研究概览
研究类型
注册 (估计的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习联系方式
- 姓名:Pascale Brillon Principal Investigator, Ph.D.
- 电话号码:2313 (514) 987-3000
- 邮箱:brillon.pascale@uqam.ca
学习地点
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Quebec
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Montreal、Quebec、加拿大、H2X 3P2
- 招聘中
- Pavillon Adrien-Pinard (SU)
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接触:
- Pascale Brillon Principal Investigator
- 电话号码:2313 (514) 987-3000
- 邮箱:brillon.pascale@uqam.ca
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
接受健康志愿者
描述
纳入标准
- 年龄18至45岁
- 能够流利地说和读法语
- 能够使用带摄像头的计算机和安全的互联网连接
- 能够使用私人空间进行评估和干预会议
- 能够完成整个治疗协议
- 使用DSM-5结构化临床访谈(SCID-5)确认当前患有创伤后应激障碍诊断
- 居住在加拿大
排除标准
- 有神经系统疾病史(中风、颅内手术、动脉瘤、癫痫)
- 中度至重度创伤性脑损伤或因创伤性脑损伤住院
- 轻度创伤性脑损伤发生时间少于6个月且症状持续
- 精神病性障碍
- 酒精滥用或物质依赖障碍
- 视频游戏成瘾
- 过去3个月内因重度抑郁症或自杀风险住院
- 定期使用影响神经认知的药物,包括:苯二氮䓬类药物(地西泮、劳拉西泮、阿普唑仑、Ativan、Xanax、Rivotril)
- 居住在加拿大境外
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:治疗
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:双倍的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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实验性的:认知矫正训练
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Cognitive Remediation Training: Eight-week remote program using HAPPYneuron Pro software targeting attention, verbal memory, processing speed, and executive functions. Participants attend weekly 75-minute group sessions (four to eight participants) via videoconferencing: 30 minutes of computerized cognitive exercises and 45 minutes of guided discussion on metacognitive strategies and quality-of-life topics. Weekly homework assignments (45 minutes) reinforce skills. Sessions target attention (selective, sustained, divided), verbal memory (encoding, recall, recognition), and executive functions (planning, problem-solving, cognitive flexibility, inhibition). Strategy teachings address attention, verbal memory, planning, problem-solving, emotion regulation, meditation, and cognitive flexibility. Quality of life discussions (summarized format) cover sleep, nutrition, physical activity, social support, cultural activities, nature-based activities, relaxation, and substance use behaviors. |
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安慰剂比较:具有生活质量支持的电子游戏
具有生活质量支持功能的视频游戏
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Video Games with Quality of Life Support: Eight-week active control program combining commercial video games with quality of life discussions.
Participants will attend weekly 75-minute group sessions via secure videoconferencing (four to eight participants) , consisting of 30 minutes of entertaining computer games from the Poki.com
platform (games include Bubbles, Sweet World, Minesweeper, etc.) and 45 minutes of group discussions on healthy lifestyle topics including sleep, nutrition, physical activity, social support, cultural activities, nature-based activities, relaxation, and substance use behaviors.
Weekly individual gaming assignments (30 minutes) maintain engagement.
Games are selected for entertainment value without proven cognitive benefits.
Discussions focus on general wellness and lifestyle factors rather than cognitive strategy development.
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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生活满意度量表
大体时间:基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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生活满意度量表(SWL)是一个包含5个项目的自我报告问卷,用于衡量整体生活满意度。
参与者使用7点李克特量表(1=非常不同意,7=非常同意)对生活满意度陈述进行评分。
总分范围为5至35分。
分数解释:5-9分(极不满意),10-14分(不满意),15-19分(轻微不满意),20分(中立),21-25分(轻微满意),26-30分(满意),31-35分(非常满意)。
分数越高表示对生活的满意度越高。
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基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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认知失误问卷
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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认知失误问卷(CFQ)是一个包含25个项目的自我报告测量工具,用于评估过去6个月内在记忆、注意力和运动功能方面的认知失误和日常错误的频率。
参与者使用5点频率量表(0 = 从未,1 = 极少,2 = 偶尔,3 = 较常,4 = 非常频繁)来评估他们经历每种认知失误的频率。
总分范围为0到100分,分数越高表明认知失误越频繁,日常生活中感知到的认知功能障碍越严重。
该测量工具捕捉了主观认知抱怨,这些抱怨可能无法通过客观的神经心理学测试检测到。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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世界卫生组织生活质量简表
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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世界卫生组织生活质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)是一份包含26个项目的自评问卷,用于评估生活质量的四个领域:生理健康(7个项目,原始分数范围7-35)、心理健康(6个项目,原始分数范围6-30)、社会关系(3个项目,原始分数范围3-15)和环境(8个项目,原始分数范围8-40)。
另外两个项目评估总体生活质量和一般健康状况。
参与者使用5点李克特量表对项目进行评分,量表选项各有不同(例如:1=非常差到5=非常好;1=完全没有到5=完全如此)。
领域得分通过汇总项目回答并转换为0-100分制来计算,其中较高分数表示该领域生活质量较好。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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感知社会支持多维量表
大体时间:基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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多维感知社会支持量表(MSPSS)是一份包含12个条目的自评问卷,用于测量来自三个来源的感知社会支持:家庭(4个条目)、朋友(4个条目)和重要他人(4个条目)。
参与者使用7点李克特量表(1=非常不同意,7=非常同意)评估自己在过去两周内对每个陈述的同意程度。
总分范围为12至84分,通过汇总所有条目的回答计算得出。
分数越高表示感知社会支持越强。
分数解读:12-36分(低支持),37-60分(中等支持),61-84分(高支持)。
还可以计算每个支持来源的子量表分数(每个子量表范围:4-28分)。
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基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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一般自我效能感量表
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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一般自我效能量表(GSES)是一个包含10个项目的自我报告问卷,用于测量个体应对困难情境和障碍的普遍信念。
参与者使用4点量表(1=完全不正确,2=基本不正确,3=基本正确,4=完全正确)评估每个陈述对他们的真实程度。
总分范围从10到40,通过将所有项目得分相加计算得出。
分数越高表明一般自我效能信念越强。
该量表评估个体应对不同生活领域需求的乐观自我信念,并已被证明能够预测压力性生活事件后的适应情况。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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认知矫正疗法自我效能量表
大体时间:基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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认知矫正疗法自我效能感量表(SE-CRT)是一份包含7个项目的自评问卷,用于测量个体对成功完成认知矫正练习的信心水平。 参与者需使用5点量表(1=完全没有信心,2=略有信心,3=中等信心,4=非常有信心,5 =极度有信心)对每项任务的信心程度进行评分。 量表项目涵盖保持注意力、运用记忆策略、灵活解决问题、将策略应用于日常生活、时间管理、达到平均水平表现以及完成整个治疗计划等方面的信心评估。 总分范围为7至35分,分数越高表明个体对治疗的特异性自我效能感越强。 |
基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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快速自动命名连续性能测试
大体时间:基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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连续性能测试与快速自动命名(CPT-RAN)是通过Pavlovia平台实施的ExecQC认知评估系统中的一项计算机化测试,用于评估持续注意力和反应抑制能力。
受试者需监控连续呈现的快速刺激流,对目标刺激做出反应,同时抑制对非目标刺激的反应。
主要结果指标为d-prime(d')分数,这是一种综合考虑命中率和误报率的信号检测指标,能够反映受试者对目标与非目标刺激的辨别敏感度。
分数范围通常为0至5+,数值越高表明持续注意力和警觉性越好。
该测试同时提供反应时间和反应一致性等测量指标。
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基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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视觉搜索任务
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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视觉搜索任务(VST)是通过Pavlovia平台执行的ExecQC电池测试中的一项计算机化评估,用于测量视觉选择性注意力、处理速度和视觉扫描能力。
参与者在不同复杂度(集合大小)的视觉阵列中从干扰项中搜索目标刺激。
主要结果指标包括:(1)正确检测目标的平均反应时间(以毫秒计,数值越低表示表现越好),以及(2)准确率百分比(数值越高表示表现越好)。
搜索斜率(反应时间随集合大小增加的变化)可提供关于搜索效率和注意力容量的额外信息。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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连线测试
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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连线测验(TMT)是ExecQC认知评估系统中的计算机化版本,通过Pavlovia平台实施,用于测量处理速度、视觉扫描和执行功能。
A部分要求按升序连接数字圆圈(1-2-3...),评估处理速度和视觉注意力。
B部分要求交替连接数字和字母(1-A-2-B-3-C...),评估认知灵活性和任务转换能力。
主要结果指标为各部分的完成时间(单位:秒,数值越低表现越好)。
通过差异分数(B部分时间减去A部分时间)可分离出独立于处理速度影响的执行功能成分。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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侧翼任务
大体时间:基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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Flanker任务(FT)是ExecQC电池中通过Pavlovia平台进行的计算机化选择性注意和抑制控制评估。
参与者识别中心箭头的方向,同时忽略与目标箭头方向一致(指向相同方向)或不一致(指向相反方向)的侧翼箭头。
主要结果是Flanker干扰效应:不一致试次与一致试次之间的反应时差异(数值越低表明抑制控制能力越强)。
其他结果包括总体准确率以及一致性对准确率的影响。
该任务测量抑制无关信息并保持对任务相关刺激注意的能力。
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基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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气球模拟风险任务
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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气球模拟风险任务(BART)是通过Pavlovia平台执行的ExecQC认知评估工具组中的一项计算机化行为测量,用于评估风险倾向和决策能力。
参与者通过按键为虚拟气球充气,每次充气可获得积分。
每个气球具有随机的爆炸点;若气球爆炸,该轮次所有积分清零。
参与者可在爆炸前随时选择存入积分。
主要观测指标是未爆炸气球的调整后平均充气次数,该指标在控制气球随机爆炸点的前提下反映风险行为水平。
分数越高表明风险倾向越强。
该任务还可测量损失后的风险策略调整以及总积分获得情况。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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雷伊听觉词语学习测验
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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雷伊听觉词语学习测试(RAVLT)是一种通过安全的Zoom视频会议远程实施的神经心理学测试,用于测量言语记忆和学习能力。
测试者通过视频平台五次朗读一份包含15个词语的列表(列表A),参与者在每次呈现后口头回忆尽可能多的词语。
总学习分数是五次尝试中正确回忆词语的总和,范围从0到75,分数越高表示言语学习和即时记忆能力越好。
在完成其他认知任务填充的20分钟延迟后,参与者被要求在不重新呈现的情况下口头回忆原始列表中尽可能多的词语(延迟回忆分数,范围0-15)。
延迟回忆分数越高表示长期言语记忆和巩固能力越好。
这种远程实施格式已针对远程健康神经心理学评估进行验证,并保持了面对面实施的心理测量特性。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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符号数字模式测试
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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符号数字模态测试(SDMT)是一种通过Zoom远程实施的简短筛查工具,用于评估处理速度、视觉扫描和持续注意力。
参与者收到一份纸质测试表格,顶部显示九个抽象符号与数字1-9配对的关键图,下方为多行符号排列。
在考官通过视频口头提示后,参与者需在90秒内尽可能快速地在每个符号下方填写对应数字,同时考官通过视频监控以确保操作规范。
得分为正确完成的符号-数字配对总数,错误答案不扣分。
分数范围通常为0至约110分,分数越高表示处理速度越快。
书面版本用于远程实施,其心理测量学特性与口头版本等效。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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情感斯特鲁普测试
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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情绪Stroop测试通过远程Zoom会议进行,借助屏幕共享呈现情绪效价刺激,测量在此情境下的选择性注意和抑制控制能力。
参与者观看主试共享屏幕上显示的彩色词语,口头说出墨水颜色而忽略词语内容。
测试包含三种条件:中性词语(如“桌子”、“椅子”)、一般情绪词语(积极/消极:如“快乐”、“愤怒”)以及PTSD特有的创伤相关词语(如“危险”、“威胁”)。
记录反应潜伏期。
干扰分数通过从创伤相关词语的平均反应时中减去中性词语的平均反应时计算得出。
更高的干扰分数(以毫秒计)表明抑制对创伤相关内容注意的困难更大,注意控制能力更差。
通过屏幕共享进行远程管理保持了任务的基本注意需求。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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言语流畅性测试
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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言语流畅性测试是一项神经心理学评估,通过远程Zoom会议进行,测量音位和语义言语流畅性、执行功能及语言产出能力。
测试包含两种条件:(1) 音位流畅性——参与者在90秒内尽可能多地生成以字母“P”开头的单词,排除专有名词及同一词族的单词;(2) 语义流畅性——参与者在90秒内尽可能多地生成动物名称,不限起始字母。
考官通过视频监控,并以15秒为间隔记录反应。
主要结果为每种条件下60秒内的正确反应总数(音位流畅性通常为0至25+词,语义流畅性通常为0至30+词)。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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策略使用问卷 - 策略应用频率
大体时间:仅进行3个月随访(第20周)
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在3个月随访时进行的一项简短问卷,评估参与者是否继续应用干预期间学到的认知策略。
参与者需指明:(1) 自治疗完成后是否使用过任何练习或策略(是/否),(2) 如果是,则说明使用的大致次数(0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19或20+次),以及(3) 以开放式描述说明他们使用了哪些具体策略。
该测量方法用于捕捉治疗效果的维持情况以及所学代偿策略在现实世界中的应用,这些可能对长期结果产生中介作用。
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仅进行3个月随访(第20周)
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DSM-5创伤后应激障碍检查表
大体时间:基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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PTSD检查表(DSM-5版)(PCL-5)是一份包含20个项目的自评问卷,用于根据DSM-5标准评估PTSD症状的严重程度。
参与者使用5点李克特量表(0=完全没有,1=有一点,2=中等程度,3=相当多,4=极其严重)评估过去一个月中每个PTSD症状对他们造成的困扰程度。
总分范围为0至80分。分数越高,表明PTSD症状越严重。
分数达到33分或更高,提示可能存在PTSD诊断。
PCL-5评估四个症状群:侵入性症状、回避行为、认知和情绪的负面改变,以及觉醒和反应性的改变。
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基线(第0周),干预后(第8周),3个月随访(第20周)
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患者健康问卷-9
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)是基于DSM-5标准的9项自评量表,用于评估抑郁严重程度。
参与者根据过去两周内受抑郁症状困扰的频率,使用4点量表进行评分(0=完全没有,1=有几天,2=一半以上天数,3=几乎每天)。
总分范围为0至27分。
分数解读:0-4分(极轻微抑郁),5-9分(轻度抑郁),10-14分(中度抑郁),15-19分(中重度抑郁),20-27分(重度抑郁)。
分数越高表明抑郁严重程度越高。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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广泛性焦虑障碍-7
大体时间:基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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广泛性焦虑障碍量表-7(GAD-7)是一个包含7个条目的自评问卷,用于评估广泛性焦虑障碍的症状严重程度。
参与者根据过去两周内被焦虑症状困扰的频率,使用4点量表进行评分(0=完全没有,1=有几天,2=超过一半天数,3=几乎每天)。
总分范围为0至21分。分数解读:0-4分(轻微焦虑),5-9分(轻度焦虑),10-14分(中度焦虑),15-21分(重度焦虑)。
分数越高表示焦虑严重程度越高。
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基线(第0周)、干预后(第8周)、3个月随访(第20周)
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其他结果措施
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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每周自我报告酒精、药物或非处方药物使用频率
大体时间:在为期8周的干预期间每周进行(第1-8周)
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参与者每周完成一份简短的问卷,使用4点量表(0 = 从不,1 = 几天,2 = 超过一半天数,3 = 每天)评估过去一周的物质使用情况。
此项安全监测措施用于追踪干预期间潜在的不适应性应对行为的增加。
物质使用的显著增加可能表明存在需要临床关注的与治疗相关的困扰。
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在为期8周的干预期间每周进行(第1-8周)
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每周自我报告的自杀意念频率(PHQ-9 第9项)
大体时间:在整个8周干预期间每周(第1-8周)
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参与者每周完成PHQ-9问卷第9项,使用4点量表评估过去一周内出现“认为自己死了会更好”或“伤害自己”想法的频率(0 = 完全没有,1 = 几天,2 = 超过一半天数,3 = 几乎每天)。
此项安全监测措施用于跟踪整个干预期间的自杀意念。
任何阳性反应将触发哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表(C-SSRS)评估,以评估风险等级并根据需要实施安全预案。
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在整个8周干预期间每周(第1-8周)
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每周自我报告接受的心理治疗次数
大体时间:在整个8周干预期间每周进行(第1-8周)
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参与者报告过去一周内参加的心理治疗次数(0、1、2、3、4次或5次以上)。
该指标追踪可能影响结果的同期心理治疗。
注意:认知矫正课程明确不计入此统计。
此变量将作为协变量纳入结果分析,以解释同期心理治疗对认知和心理结果的潜在叠加或交互效应。
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在整个8周干预期间每周进行(第1-8周)
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每周自我报告精神病药物的任何变化
大体时间:整个8周干预期间每周(第1-8周)
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参与者每周报告精神科药物的任何变化(是/否)。
如果“是”,则提供有关药物添加、停药或剂量调整的详细信息,包括药物名称和剂量。
此项措施用于监测可能影响治疗结果的潜在药物变化。
显著的药物变化将被记录并在结果分析中予以考虑。
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整个8周干预期间每周(第1-8周)
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合作者和调查者
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
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