食用富含植物蛋白的饼干和补充维生素D对老年人肌肉减少症进展的影响 (SARC-PEA)
富含植物蛋白饼干和维生素D补充剂对老年受试者肌肉减少症进展的影响
研究概览
地位
详细说明
肌肉减少症以与年龄相关的肌肉质量、力量和身体机能丧失为特征,鉴于全球人口老龄化趋势,已成为日益严重的公共卫生问题。 营养干预措施,特别是涉及蛋白质和维生素D补充的干预措施,在管理肌肉减少症方面显示出潜力。 然而,对于虚弱或卧床的老年人来说,标准治疗方式——体育活动——通常不可行,这突显了对替代策略的需求。
这项随机、单盲、平行设计的临床试验旨在评估食用富含水解豌豆蛋白的酥饼,结合每日剂量的维生素D3(800 IU/天),对65-75岁肌肉减少症患者的肌肉质量、肌肉力量、身体机能和肠道菌群组成的影响。 研究将招募74名符合特定纳入标准(例如,低四肢骨骼肌质量指数、SPPB评分差、认知和营养状况良好)的参与者。
参与者将被随机分配到以下两组之一:
- 干预组:每天食用50克富含水解豌豆蛋白的功能性饼干,并每日服用4滴维生素D3补充剂(提供20微克/天)。
- 对照组:食用类似但不添加蛋白质的饼干,并使用安慰剂油(特级初榨橄榄油)替代维生素D3。
干预将持续12周。 测量将在基线、中点(6周)和研究结束(12周)时进行,包括握力、椅子站立测试、基于生物阻抗的肌肉质量和SPPB评分。 血液样本将分析炎症标志物(如CRP、IL-6、TNF-α)、氧化应激(oxLDL)、合成代谢信号(IGF-1)和维生素D状态(25-羟基胆钙化醇)等。 通过粪便样本分析和16S rRNA测序评估肠道菌群组成和短链脂肪酸(SCFA)产量。
参与者还将在每个时间点完成生活质量(SarQoL)和食物频率问卷,以及3天饮食日记。 通过日记记录和补充剂容器返回来监测依从性。 计算样本量为74名参与者(每组32人+15%脱落率),以检测治疗成功率(定义为超过ASMI的肌肉减少阈值)的25%差异。
该研究进一步探讨了植物性蛋白质来源,特别是水解豌豆蛋白,作为老年人有效饮食干预措施的潜力。 它还探索了肠道-肌肉轴,研究营养调节微生物群如何影响肌肉减少症相关结果。
该试验在意大利乌迪内S. Maria della Misericordia医院内科第二单元进行,由Alessandro Cavarape教授协调。 所有程序遵循伦理指南,并包括对不良事件的适当监测。
研究类型
注册 (估计的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Udine
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Udine、Udine、意大利、33100
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences
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Udine、Udine、意大利、33100
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine
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Udine、Udine、意大利、33100
- Outpatient Clinic of Internal Medicine 2, Central Friuli University Health Authority (ASU FC)
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 年长者
接受健康志愿者
描述
纳入标准:
- 石井方程值:男性评分≥105、女性评分≥120的患者将被纳入。 石井筛查试验是一种广泛应用的方法,通过基于三个变量(年龄、握力和小腿围)的方程得出的评分来评估肌肉减少症的概率。
- 四肢骨骼肌质量指数(ASMI):男性<7.0 kg/m²、女性<5.5 kg/m²。
- 简易体能状况量表评分≤8
- 身体质量指数≥19且<30 kg/m²
- 具备行为能力
排除标准:
- 身体质量指数<19或≥30 kg/m²
- 过去五年内有癌症诊断史;
- 定期服用维生素D补充剂;
- 吞咽困难和咀嚼障碍;
- 麸质过敏或其他不耐受;
- 鸡蛋过敏;
- 可能影响肠道菌群的肠道疾病(克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、细菌污染综合征、便秘、乳糜泻、肠易激综合征);
- 佩戴心脏起搏器者;
- 急性炎症(C反应蛋白>10 mg/L);
- 贫血(男性血红蛋白<13 g/dL;女性<12 g/dL);
- 肾功能衰竭(肾小球滤过率(GFR)>45 mL/min/1.73 m²);
- 慢性肝病(男性转氨酶<40 IU/L,女性<35 IU/L);
- 无行为能力
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:治疗
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:三倍
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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实验性的:富含蛋白质饼干 + 维生素D3
参与者将每日食用一份(50克)由小麦粉和豌豆蛋白水解物制成的实验饼干,并服用2滴添加在特级初榨橄榄油中的维生素D3补充剂。
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每日份量(50克)由小麦粉和豌豆蛋白水解物制成的饼干。
用于实验组。
每日两滴维生素D3溶解于特级初榨橄榄油中。
用于实验组。
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安慰剂比较:对照饼干 + 安慰剂油
参与者将每天食用一份(50克)对照饼干(相同配方,不含豌豆蛋白水解物),并服用2滴安慰剂油(不含维生素D3的特级初榨橄榄油)。
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每日份(50克)由小麦粉制成、不含豌豆蛋白水解物的对照饼干。
每日两次滴入安慰剂油(不含维生素D3的特级初榨橄榄油)。
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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四肢骨骼肌指数 (ASMI) 变化
大体时间:筛选、基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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ASMI 计算为四肢骨骼肌质量(千克)除以身高(米)的平方(kg/m²)。 ASM 和身高将分别测量,并使用此公式组合:"kg/m²"。 根据欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组的指示,男性 ASMI 值 <7 kg/m²,女性 ASMI 值 <5.5 kg/m² 表明存在肌肉减少症。 |
筛选、基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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肌肉强度
大体时间:筛选期、基线期、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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肌肉力量将通过两种不同的分析方法进行测量:握力测试:使用电子握力计EH101测量优势手,进行两次尝试。 根据欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组的标准,肌肉减少症的诊断切点为男性<27公斤,女性<16公斤。 椅子站立测试:30秒内无上肢支撑的站立次数。 根据欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组的标准,肌肉减少症的诊断切点为五次起立时间>15秒。 |
筛选期、基线期、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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身体机能(SPPB评分)
大体时间:筛选期、基线期、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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短期体能表现测试(平衡测试、4米步行测试、5次坐站重复测试)。
SPPB评分范围在0到12分之间。
欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组建议,肌肉减少症的诊断分界点为≤8分。
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筛选期、基线期、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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C反应蛋白(CRP)
大体时间:基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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CRP将使用多重ELISA检测法在血清中测量,并以毫克每升(mg/L)表示。
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基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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肠道微生物组调节与代谢物
大体时间:基线 第12周(治疗结束时)
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通过气相色谱法量化短链脂肪酸(SCFA)产量,以及通过16S测序(α多样性、与肌少症相关菌属的相对丰度:Roseburia菌属、Eubacterium菌属、Lachnospira菌属、Ruminococcus菌属)分析微生物群组成。
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基线 第12周(治疗结束时)
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营养摄入
大体时间:基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束时)
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3天饮食记录。
该记录将追踪连续2个工作日和1个周末日所摄入的所有食物和饮料,以分析典型的饮食习惯。
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基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束时)
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营养习惯
大体时间:入组
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食物频率问卷(FFQ)。
该工具允许监测过去的饮食习惯(前一年)。
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入组
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肌肉减少症患者的生活质量
大体时间:基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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SarQoL问卷用于评估肌肉减少症患者的健康相关生活质量。
SarQoL量表评分范围为0至100分。
截断值≤60分提示可能存在肌肉减少症。
然而,这些截断值本身并不具诊断意义,而是作为筛查指标,用于标记可能需要根据既定标准进行进一步临床评估以确诊肌肉减少症的个体。
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基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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微型营养评估(MNA®)
大体时间:在筛选阶段
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MNA®是一种经过验证的营养筛查和评估工具,可用于识别65岁及以上营养不良或有营养不良风险的老年患者。
MNA®的量表范围在0到30之间。
分界点为:24-30表示营养状况正常;17-23.5表示存在营养不良风险;<17表示营养不良。
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在筛选阶段
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简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)
大体时间:在筛选阶段
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这是一项包含11个问题的评估工具,测试五个认知功能领域:定向力、即刻记忆、注意力与计算力、延迟回忆以及语言能力。
MMSE量表评分范围为0至30分。
分界点为:24-30分:无认知障碍;18-23分:轻度至中度认知障碍;<18分:中度至重度认知障碍。
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在筛选阶段
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身体质量指数(BMI)
大体时间:筛选期、基线期、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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BMI将通过体重(公斤)除以身高(米)来计算。
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筛选期、基线期、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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IL-6 将使用多重 ELISA 检测法在血清中测量,并以皮克每毫升(pg/mL)表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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TNF-α 将通过多重 ELISA 检测法(Ella, ProteinSimple)在血清中进行测量,并以皮克/毫升(pg/mL)表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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瘦素
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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血清中瘦素浓度将使用多重分析试剂盒(ELISA)进行测量,并以皮克每毫升(pg/mL)表示
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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胰岛素样生长因子-1
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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使用Thermo Fisher Human IGF-1 ELISA试剂盒定量测量血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)浓度,并以ng/mL表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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白蛋白
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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采用Thermo Fisher人血清白蛋白ELISA试剂盒进行血清白蛋白浓度的定量测定,结果以ng/mL表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)
大体时间:基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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使用Thermo Fisher Human Oxidized LDL ELISA Kit定量测量空腹血清氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)浓度,并以pg/mL表示。
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基线、第6周和第12周(治疗结束)
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25OH-D(总 25-羟基维生素 D)
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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血清25OH-D(总25-羟基维生素D)将使用FineTest® 25OH-D(总25-羟基维生素D)ELISA试剂盒进行测量,并以ng/mL表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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人源聚集蛋白(C端片段)
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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将使用人源Agrin(C端片段)ELISA试剂盒对血清人源Agrin(C端片段)进行定量,并以pg/mL表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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甘油三酯(TG)
大体时间:基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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血清甘油三酯(TG)水平将使用甘油三酯(TG)比色法检测试剂盒进行测量,并以 mmol/L 表示。
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基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束时)
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其他结果措施
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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附肢骨骼肌质量 (ASM)
大体时间:筛选、基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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四肢骨骼肌质量将通过生物电阻抗分析(BIA 101;BIVA® PRO,Akern Srl,意大利比萨)进行测量,并以千克表示。
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筛选、基线、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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身高
大体时间:筛选,基线
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身高将使用身高计测量,并以米(m)表示。
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筛选,基线
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体重
大体时间:筛选期、基线期、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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体重将使用校准后的体重秤进行测量,并以千克(kg)表示
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筛选期、基线期、第6周、第12周(治疗结束)
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Alessandro Cavarape, M.D.、Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale (ASU FC)
出版物和有用的链接
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