Health Benefits of a 21-day Daniel Fast

June 20, 2011 updated by: University of Memphis

Biochemical, Hemodynamic, and Anthropometric Effects of a 21-day Daniel Fast in Men and Women

The investigators hypothesized that individuals supplementing with krill oil capsules (two grams per day) would experience enhanced improvements in health-related variables during a 21-day Daniel Fast.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

One of the main purposes of the this investigation was to determine if krill oil supplementation (two grams per day for 21 days) enhances the effects of a 21-day Daniel Fast, particularly in regards to blood lipids and lipid peroxidation. The investigators were also interested in determining if adiponectin and/or resistin change in response to the fast, as these adipokines could potentially mediate the favorable glucoregulatory changes the investigators observed in our initial investigation of a 21-day Daniel Fast. Finally, the investigators sought to determine the changes in macronutrient and micronutrient intake during a Daniel Fast, and how these dietary changes affect our selected hemodynamic, anthropometric, blood lipid, glucoregulatory, oxidative stress, inflammatory, renal, and hepatic biomarkers.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
39

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Tennessee
      • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38152
        • Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Must be 18 years of age or older.
  • Must be willing to partake in a vegan diet for 21 days.
  • Must be willing to consume either krill oil or coconut oil capsules (assigned randomly).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Smokers
  • regular consumption of antioxidant supplements
  • women who were pregnant or seeking to become pregnant
  • poor veins (veins that made it difficult to successfully obtain a blood draw - this was determined via a visual inspection)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Quadruple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Krill oil capsules
Two grams per day daily for 21 days
Dietary supplement: Krill oil supplementation
During a 21-day Daniel Fast, group one supplemented with krill oil capsules (two grams per day) while group two supplemented with a placebo (coconut oil capsules at two grams per day).
Other Names:
  • Now Foods Neptune Krill Oil, 1000 mg- 60 Soft Gels
  • Brand NOW
  • Part Numbers 14431, 1627, 82048, NOW-01627, NWF-16270, NWF622
  • UPC 733739016270
  • Now Foods Coconut Oil, 1000 mg- 120 Soft Gels
  • Part Numbers 091363-2, 1718, 18918, 24230, 5933510, 6485, 71668, 806542, NWF-17185, NWF119
  • UPC 733739017185
Placebo Comparator: Coconut oil capsules
Two grams per day for 21 days
Dietary supplement: Krill oil supplementation
During a 21-day Daniel Fast, group one supplemented with krill oil capsules (two grams per day) while group two supplemented with a placebo (coconut oil capsules at two grams per day).
Other Names:
  • Now Foods Neptune Krill Oil, 1000 mg- 60 Soft Gels
  • Brand NOW
  • Part Numbers 14431, 1627, 82048, NOW-01627, NWF-16270, NWF622
  • UPC 733739016270
  • Now Foods Coconut Oil, 1000 mg- 120 Soft Gels
  • Part Numbers 091363-2, 1718, 18918, 24230, 5933510, 6485, 71668, 806542, NWF-17185, NWF119
  • UPC 733739017185

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Blood Lipids
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Total Cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, VLDL-C, Triglyerides
Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Glucoregulatory markers
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Blood glucose, blood insulin, Serum resistin, serum adiponectin
Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Markers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Plasma malondialdehyde, plasma hydrogen peroxide, plasma nitrate/nitrite, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (measured in serum)
Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Blood Pressure
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure
Change from baseline at 3 weeks
C-reactive protein
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Change from baseline at 3 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Anthropometric Variables
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
bodyweight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, fat mass, fat free mass
Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Metabolic Panel
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, sodium, potassium, carbon dioxide, calcium, protein, albumin, globulin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase
Change from baseline at 3 weeks
Complete Blood Count
Time Frame: Change from baseline at 3 weeks
White blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell distribution width, platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils
Change from baseline at 3 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Memphis

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Richard J Bloomer, Doctorate, University of Memphis

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 1, 2010

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 10, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 20, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 22, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 22, 2011

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 20, 2011

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 110184

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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