Pharmacokinetics of Oseltamivir in Newborns and Infants

July 5, 2011 updated by: St. Louis Children's Hospital
Oseltamivir dosing in infants < 3 months of age is based on a single pharmacokinetic study in 20 infants from a single center. This dataset is limited by a lack of robustness, because only 1 sample was collected from each participant. The investigators obtained two blood samples each from infants receiving oseltamivir after obtaining informed consent from the infant's parents. The investigators propose to analyze the blood samples to determine the amount of oseltamivir in the infant's blood. Measurement of these values will increase the understanding of the absorption and elimination of oseltamivir in preterm and term infants, and improve our ability to provide the correct doses to this high risk population.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
19

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Missouri
      • St. Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
        • St. Louis Children's Hosptial

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

No older than 6 months (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

One infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at St. Louis Children's Hospital experienced respiratory decompensation and tested positive for influenza virus type A by fluorsescent antibody stain performed on a nasopharyngeal swab. This infant received treatment doses of oseltamivir. Subsequently, 27 other infants received oseltamivir prophylaxis for exposure to influenza virus type A. Exposed infants were those who shared a primary medical team, nursing care, respiratory therapist, physical therapist, or occupational therapist with the influenza A positive infant. Prophylaxis was deemed necessary by the attending neonatologist after consultation with the Infectious Diseases Division of the Department of Pediatrics at the Washington University School of Medicine.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • All neonates and infants in the NICU at St. Louis Children's Hospital who received oseltamivir for treatment of or exposure to influenza virus type A were considered eligible for this study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Cohort
  • Time Perspectives: Prospective

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Oseltamivir exposure
One infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at St. Louis Children's Hospital experienced respiratory decompensation and tested positive for influenza virus type A by fluorescent antibody stain performed on a nasopharyngeal swab. This infant received treatment doses of oseltamivir. Subsequently, 27 other infants received oseltamivir prophylaxis for exposure to influenza virus type A. Exposed infants were those who shared a primary medical team, nursing care, respiratory therapist, physical therapist, or occupational therapist with the influenza A positive infant. Prophylaxis was deemed necessary by the attending neonatologist after consultation with the Infectious Diseases Division of the Department of Pediatrics at the Washington University School of Medicine.
Drug: Oseltamivir
Treatment dose was oseltamivir 3 mg/kg/dose by mouth (PO) twice daily. Prophylactic dose was oseltamivir 1 mg/kg/dose PO once daily to infants < 28 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), 1 mg/kg/dose PO twice daily to infants 28 - 38 weeks PMA, and 3 mg/kg/dose PO once daily to infants > 38 weeks PMA. Dosing in infants < 28 weeks PMA was chosen based on unpublished data from Acosta et al. This data was obtained from phone contact with Dr. Peter Gal, co-author of the study. Dosing in infants 28 - 38 weeks PMA was chosen based on published data from Acosta et al.1 Dosing in infants > 38 weeks PMA and less than 3 months postnatal age was chosen based on data from Kimberlin et al. Dosing in infants > 38 weeks PMA and greater than 3 months postnatal age was per the recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Oseltamivir pharmacokinetics in neonates and infants
Time Frame: Two sample points, one 0-3 hours (baseline) and one 3-24 hours post dose
Pharmacokinetic parameters calculated for individual subjects will include apparent distribution volume and elimination half-life of oseltamivir (OST) and OST carboxylate (CBX). Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of OST and OST CBX will be determined using the trapezoidal method. A population pharmacokinetic model will be generated based on pooled pharmacokinetic data (2-compartment model for OST and 1-compartment model for OST CBX) utilizing maximum likelihood estimation. A weight-based dosing table will be generated to provide AUC exposures comparable to adults.
Two sample points, one 0-3 hours (baseline) and one 3-24 hours post dose

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Oseltamivir target level attainment
Time Frame: Two sample points, one 0-3 hours (baseline) and one 3-24 hours post dose
OST target level attainment of the currently recommended dosing regimen in neonates and infants will be calculated. Currently recommended doses were utilized for all neonates and infants in our cohort. The target level attainment in this cohort will be calculated.
Two sample points, one 0-3 hours (baseline) and one 3-24 hours post dose

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
St. Louis Children's Hospital

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Washington University School of Medicine
Genentech, Inc.

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2011

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 1, 2011

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 24, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 5, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 6, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
July 6, 2011

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 5, 2011

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • TAM 027

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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