Evaluation of ACCS100 to Reduce Aflatoxin Exposure in Kenya (ACCS100)

September 15, 2014 updated by: Dr. John Vulule, Kenya Medical Research Institute

Evaluation of the Effectiveness, Acceptability, and Palatability of Air Classified Calcium Silicate (ACCS100) Clay to Reduce Aflatoxin Exposure in a High-risk Community in Kenya

The purpose of this study is to pilot test the effectiveness, acceptability, and palatability of ACCS100 in a high-risk Kenyan population.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Aflatoxins are harmful by-products of the molds Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus and are major contaminants of agricultural produce such as maize. Acute aflatoxin exposure (i.e., aflatoxicosis) can lead to jaundice, vomiting, abdominal pain, and liver failure, with documented fatality rates as high as 40%. Kenya experiences extreme aflatoxin exposure and fatal, recurring aflatoxicosis outbreaks. Numerous clinical trials have found heat processed calcium dioctahedral smectite clay [i.e., Air Classified Calcium Silicate (ACCS100)] to be safe and effective in binding to aflatoxin to decrease bioavailability and subsequently reduce toxin-induced effects. The investigators propose to pilot test the effectiveness, acceptability, and palatability of ACCS100 in a high-risk Kenyan population. If successful, ACCS100 could be scaled-up for use in Kenya to prevent aflatoxin-associated mortality during high-risk periods. To accomplish this objective, the investigators will recruit fifty health adults into a crossover study. Each participant will spend one week consuming ACCS100 and one week consuming a calcium carbonate placebo. Daily first morning void urine samples will monitor effectiveness in reducing aflatoxin bioavailability, and periodic questionnaires will assess acceptance and palatability.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
50

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Kenya
      • Makindu, Kenya
        • Makindu Health Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adult ≥18 years of age
  • Consumes corn- and/or peanut-derived foods at least four times per week
  • No plans to travel away from the household for more than one day in the next month

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Women who may be pregnant
  • History of medical illnesses
  • Presence of protein or glucose in urine using chemstrip
  • Does not provide informed consent

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: PREVENTION
  • Allocation: RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: CROSSOVER
  • Masking: QUADRUPLE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: ACCS100
Participants will consume 1 gram of ACCS100 at each meal (up to three times per day) for seven days. The ACCS100 will be administered by mixing a powder sachet into water.
Drug: ACCS100
ACCS100 is made from Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate, which is a substance generally recognized as safe by the U.S. FDA.
Other Names:
  • Air Classified Calcium Silicate
Placebo Comparator: Calcium carbonate
Participants will consume 1 gram of calcium carbonate at each meal (up to three times per day) for seven days. The calcium carbonate will be administered by mixing a powder sachet into water.
Drug: Calcium carbonate placebo

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change from baseline of urine aflatoxin M1 levels
Time Frame: Daily during each study arm
Urine samples will be collected at baseline (Day 0) and daily for seven days during Arm 1 (Days 1-7). Urine samples will also be collected at baseline (Day 13) and daily for seven days during Arm 2 (Days 13-19).
Daily during each study arm

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Serum aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct levels
Time Frame: Baseline of Arm 1 (Day 0) and end of arm 2 (Day 20)
Baseline of Arm 1 (Day 0) and end of arm 2 (Day 20).
Baseline of Arm 1 (Day 0) and end of arm 2 (Day 20)
Palatability questionnaire
Time Frame: End of arm 1 (Day 8) and end of arm 2 (Day 20)
End of arm 1 (Day 8) and end of arm 2 (Day 20)
End of arm 1 (Day 8) and end of arm 2 (Day 20)
Daily diary and adverse event reporting form
Time Frame: Daily during arm 1 (Days 2-8) and arm 2 (Days 14-20)
Daily during arm 1 (Days 2-8) and arm 2 (Days 14-20)
Daily during arm 1 (Days 2-8) and arm 2 (Days 14-20)
Acceptability questionnaire
Time Frame: End of arm 2 (Day 20)
End of arm 2 (Day 20)
End of arm 2 (Day 20)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Kenya Medical Research Institute

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Texas A&M University
Kenya Ministry of Health

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: John Vulule, PhD, Kenya Medical Research Institute
  • Principal Investigator: Ellen Yard, PhD, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Principal Investigator: Johnni Daniel, MPH, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Principal Investigator: Timothy Philips, PhD, Texas A&M University
  • Principal Investigator: Samuel Amwayi, MD, Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 1, 2014

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 2, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 11, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 14, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 16, 2014

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 15, 2014

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • SSC Protocol No. 2603

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Cookie Settings

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. For more details carefully read our Privacy and Cookies Policy. ...>>>You can change your preferences or withdraw your consent at any time by deleting the cookies from your website or computer as described in the policy. Please accept it and choose your preferences by ticking the corresponding boxes in the "Manage Settings" section below. Please carefully read our Terms of Service before you proceed with using any part of this website.
«Manage Settings