Chronic Low Back Pain Rehabilitation in Primary Care: an RCT

August 28, 2017 updated by: Maastricht University Medical Center

The Effectiveness of a Biopsychosocial Rehabilitation Program in Primary Care (Back on Track) Versus Primary Care as Usual in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain in Which Psychosocial Factors Minimally Influence Daily Life Functioning: a Randomized Controlled Trial

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a new primary care intervention "Back on Track" as compared to usual primary care in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain in which disability levels are moderate and the role of psychosocial factors to this disability is at maximum low (classified as WPN2).

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
25

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Netherlands
    • Limburg
      • Bunde, Limburg, Netherlands, 6241 DK
        • Fysiotherapie Giessen-Ploemen
      • Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands, 6216 PJ
        • Fysiohof
      • Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands, 6217 CR
        • Fysio Zuyd Caberg
      • Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands, 6227 BG
        • Fysiotherapiepraktijk Yvonne Janss
      • Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands, 6229 EZ
        • ICM Fysio
      • Margraten, Limburg, Netherlands, 6269 BL
        • Fysiotherapie Breuers
      • Ulestraten, Limburg, Netherlands, 6235 BG
        • Fysiotherapie Abbink
      • Valkenburg, Limburg, Netherlands, 6301 GH
        • Fysio Valkenburg

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Chronic low back pain; defined as pain between scapulae and gluteal region, whether or not with radiation towards one or both legs, present for at least three months.
  • Presence of contributing social and psychological factors, however not complex (WPN2 classification)
  • Age between 18 and 65 year
  • Sufficient knowledge of the Dutch language
  • Acceptance towards the biopsychosocial approach instead of biomedical approach

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Chronic low back pain attributable to e.g. infection, tumour, osteoporosis, fracture, structural deformation, inflammatory process, radicular syndrome or cauda equina syndrome
  • Pregnancy
  • Any suspicion of an (underlying) psychiatric disease, for which psychiatric treatment is better suited, according to the expert opinion of the consultant in rehabilitation medicine.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: PARALLEL
  • Masking: TRIPLE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
EXPERIMENTAL: Back on Track intervention
Back on Track intervention is a biopsychosocial primary care intervention
Other: Back on Track intervention
Biopsychosocial primary care intervention based on multidisciplinary pain rehabiliation programs. The Back on Track intervention comprises 4 individual sessions and 8 group sessions.
Other: Primary care as usual
Regular physical therapy in primary care. Physical therapists are recommended by their profession (the Royal Dutch Society for Physical Therapy) to work according to a profession-specific guideline for the treatment of patients with low back pain in primary care settings. Maximally 12 individual sessions (30 minutes each) for a maximum of 8 weeks.
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Primary care as usual
Primary care as usual comprises maximally 12 individual regular physical therapy sessions for a maximum of 8 weeks.
Other: Back on Track intervention
Biopsychosocial primary care intervention based on multidisciplinary pain rehabiliation programs. The Back on Track intervention comprises 4 individual sessions and 8 group sessions.
Other: Primary care as usual
Regular physical therapy in primary care. Physical therapists are recommended by their profession (the Royal Dutch Society for Physical Therapy) to work according to a profession-specific guideline for the treatment of patients with low back pain in primary care settings. Maximally 12 individual sessions (30 minutes each) for a maximum of 8 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS)
Time Frame: Change in functional disability between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
The QBPDS is a 20-itemed questionnaire designed to determine the individuals' functional disability level (ranging from 0-100). A higher score reflects higher disability.
Change in functional disability between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ)
Time Frame: Directly after the first treatment (in the first week of the intervention)
Directly after the first treatment (in the first week of the intervention)
EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D)
Time Frame: Change in quality of life between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Change in quality of life between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Time Frame: Change in anxiety and depression between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Change in anxiety and depression between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)
Time Frame: Change in catastrophizing between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Change in catastrophizing between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
Time Frame: Change in pain intensity between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Change in pain intensity between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia
Time Frame: Change in kinesiophobia between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Change in kinesiophobia between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)
Time Frame: Change in self-efficacy between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Change in self-efficacy between pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Global Perceived Effect (GPE)
Time Frame: Global perceived effect at post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Global perceived effect at post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up
Trimbos and iMTA questionnaire on Costs associated with Psychiatric illness (TiC-P)
Time Frame: Medical consumption at pre-treatment (baseline), post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up after the end of the treatment
Medical consumption at pre-treatment (baseline), post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks), 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up after the end of the treatment
Social demographic questionnaire
Time Frame: pre-treatment
pre-treatment
Treatment questionnaire
Time Frame: Post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks)
This questionnaire contains only one question and asks patients directly after the treatment program has finished (post-treatment) to indicate whether they think they have received the new intervention or care as usual.
Post-treatment (with an expected average of 8 weeks)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Maastricht University Medical Center

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Adelante, Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology
The Province of Limburg
CZ Fonds

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ivan PJ Huijnen, Dr., Maastricht University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 1, 2014

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 1, 2017

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 14, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 18, 2014

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 20, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 29, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 28, 2017

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 14-3-019

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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