Neonatal HIV Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) Versus Standard of Care EID- Long Term Impact on inFant hEalth (LIFE) (LIFE)

August 21, 2024 updated by: Michael Hoelscher

Neonatal HIV Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) Versus Standard of Care EID - Long Term Impact on inFant hEalth: a Feasibility Study of point-of Care Testing at Birth Versus at 6 Weeks of Age, on the Uptake of ART and Infant Prophylaxis, and on Rates of Infant Survival, Morbidity and Retention in Care

This study we will evaluate the benefit of HIV testing in neonates born from HIV-infected mothers in Tanzania and Mozambique. The study will use and evaluate novel point-of-care diagnostic systems, that can provide neonatal HIV test results within 2 hours. We will evaluate if HIV testing at birth followed by immediate neonatal HIV treatment initiation will lead to lesser infant's sickness, HIV progression or even death as compared to the current standard procedure which is infant HIV testing at week 6 after delivery. This will be associated with a cost-effectiveness analysis in order to guide national HIV programs for their guidelines. The study will further evaluate if point-of care viral load testing in mothers at birth will identify high-risk scenarios for HIV transmission from the mother to her child. This should lead to enhanced prophylactic treatments in HIV-exposed infants and we hypothesize that PoC VL monitoring at birth leads to lower transmission rates. The study will be performed at 28 maternity health facilities in Tanzania and Mozambique, half of them will be randomized to provide birth HIV PoC infant and maternal viral load testing, the other half will provide the current standard of care (infant HIV testing at week 6, no PoC VL monitoring at birth for the mother). The study is conducted in public health settings, and some study objectives also focus on how successful modern HIV treatments can be provided to infants, if HIV testing and treatment procedures are feasible for nurses and midwives, and if these procedures can be carried out in a timely manner. This study also includes a basic research component that will investigate how HIV spreads in the body of HIV-infected infants, and if early infant HIV diagnosis and treatment can reduce the spread in cells of HIV-infected individuals.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
6602

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Mozambique
    • Sofala
      • Beira, Sofala, Mozambique
        • Centro de Investigacao Operacional da Beira (CIOB)
  • Tanzania
      • Mbeya, Tanzania
        • Mbeya Medical Research Centre

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

HIV infected pregnant women and their exposed infants will be recruited at maternity clinics in Mozambique and Tanzania. Assuming a 4% MTCT rate by week 6 and a difference of combined HIV-infected infant endpoints of 14% (Arm A) versus 30% (Arm B) the study target is to enrol at least 224 HIV infected infants (112 per arm) from both countries into the follow-up phase resulting in an overall recruitment number of 6000 mother-child pairs (3000 per arm), including an assumed 5% loss to follow-up. Furthermore, we will enrol 400 HIV-exposed infants from both countries after week 12 into a long-term follow-up phase to investigate MTCT rates and associated MTCT risks until the end of the study period after cessation of breastfeeding.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Voluntary and informed consent of the mother for her own study participation
  2. Voluntary and informed consent of the legal guardian of the child for participation of the child in the study.
  3. Mothers/legal guardians ≥18 years of age.
  4. Documented maternal HIV infection.
  5. Willingness to consent to HIV testing for the child and herself.
  6. Willingness to consent to active tracing including home tracing.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Deficiency in the mother, rendering it difficult, if not impossible, for her or her infant to take part in the study or understand the information provided to her. This includes alcoholism, drug dependency as well as psychiatric illnesses, suicidal tendencies or any other inability.
  2. Having delivered more than 72h (3 days) ago
  3. Prisoners
  4. Women presenting with an emergency requiring immediate medical assistance if not resolved at study inclusion
  5. Stillbirths
  6. Infant requiring emergency care (e.g. immediate or rapid occurring life threatening conditions, resuscitation, prolonged obstetric related intensive care, severe jaundice) or born with severe malformation.
  7. If within the discretion of the investigator based on recommendation of the gynaecologist or paediatrician in charge study participation would possibly add not acceptable risk or burden to the mother or infant (e.g. significant congenital malformation, health deficiencies, very low birth weight less than 1500g)
  8. Unlikely to comply with protocol as judged by the principal investigator or his designate

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Other
  • Time Perspectives: Other

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Intervention Arm (A)
Half of the health facilities will implement the intervention package. All mothers will be tested using PoC-VL at delivery and all HIV-exposed infants will be offered PoC-EID at birth and week 4-8. Newborns found to be HIV-positive will be offered immediate ART. Neonatal ART initiation will be supported at birth by trained nurses/midwives, and approved and supervised by local doctors from the affiliated HIV CTC. Following ART initiation infants will be referred for consolidated ART management to their paediatric HIV clinic following local procedures. Newborns testing HIV-negative will be offered postnatal prophylaxis (PNP) or enhanced postnatal prophylaxis (ePNP), depending on clinical risk factors, the maternal VL and country guidelines. Mothers with HIV-RNA >1000 copies/mL will receive immediate referral information for ART initiation if not on ART or enhanced ART counselling, with follow up virologic testing and switch of ART regimen as applicable at their local HIV clinic.
Other: point-of care (PoC) neonatal HIV early infant diagnosis (EID)
clinical impact of a PoC-EID for infants and neonates at birth and week 4-8 weeks, linked with nurse-supported immediate ART initiation in HIV-infected neonates, versus standard-of-care (SoC)
Control Arm (B)
The other half of the health facilities will implement the standard of care (SoC). Enrolled mothers will not receive immediate PoC VL at delivery, but infants deemed to be at high risk using clinical criteria (e.g. no or late initiation of maternal ART) will be offered ePNP. EID testing will follow the national algorithm with testing at 4-8 weeks, followed by referral for immediate ART initiation for all HIV-infected infants. As PoC EID testing is expected to be nationally implemented on a programme level we will facilitate the availability of PoC testing at these sites.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
clinical impact of a PoC-EID
Time Frame: Proportion of combined clinical endpoints in HIV-infected infants at months 18 between arms
The primary objective is to establish the clinical impact of a PoC-EID for infants and neonates at birth and week 4-8 weeks, linked with nurse-supported immediate ART initiation in HIV-infected neonates, versus standard-of-care (SoC) on the primary and secondary endpoints. Combined clinical outcomes will include mortality, morbidity (WHO Stage 2 or above disease, severe infant medical conditions), hospitalization, toxicity (Grade 3 or above laboratory abnormality), poor antiretroviral treatment response (confirmed virological failure, treatment termination or prolonged interruption), or loss to follow up of HIVinfected infants.
Proportion of combined clinical endpoints in HIV-infected infants at months 18 between arms

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Michael Hoelscher

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Clinton Health Access Initiative Inc.
Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
NIMR- Mbeya Medical Research Centre (MMRC), Mbeya, Tanzania
University of Lisbon Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM) Lisbon, Portugal

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Chair: Arne Kroidl, Dr. med, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich
  • Principal Investigator: Ilesh Jani, Dr., Ph.D., Instituto Nacional de Saude (INS), Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
  • Principal Investigator: Issa Sabi, Dr., NIMR- Mbeya Medical Research Centre (MMRC), Mbeya, Tanzania

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 23, 2019

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 1, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 23, 2019

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 23, 2019

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 25, 2019

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 22, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 21, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • LMU-IMPH-LIFE

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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