Effects of Physical Inactivity on Insulin Sensitivity, Appetite, Energy Balance, and Cardiovascular Responses in Humans.

March 27, 2020 updated by: University of Nottingham

Short-term Effects of Physical Inactivity on Insulin Sensitivity, Appetite, Energy Balance, and Cardiovascular Responses in Healthy Humans.

Physical inactivity is a significant predictor of major non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes (7%), cardiovascular disease (6%), musculoskeletal disorders and some cancers, and has been proposed to be the 4th leading cause of death worldwide. Reduced physical activity leads to an impaired function of the hormone insulin and increased adiposity. Thus, the elimination of physical inactivity would remove between 6% and 10% of the major non-communicable diseases and increase life expectancy. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of a short-term (2-day) period of reduced physical activity, with and without a proportional decrease in energy intake, on the action of insulin to regulate blood sugar fluctuations, appetite, and cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, blood flow, arterial blood pressure, peripheral vascular resistance) in response to food ingestion.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
8

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 35 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Non-smoking
  • Males and females
  • Age (18-35 years old)
  • Body mass index (BMI) of 18-27 kg/m2
  • Waist circumference <94cm for males and <80cm for females
  • Ability to give informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Smoking
  • Any metabolic (e.g. diabetes), endocrine (e.g. hyperthyroidism) or cardiovascular (e.g. heart or blood) abnormalities including hypertension or heart failure
  • Clinically significant abnormalities on screening including ECG abnormalities
  • Taking routine medication that may alter cardiovascular function and blood flow (e.g. blood pressure-lowering drugs or drugs that cause hypertension)
  • Well trained individuals with PAL>2.00; on an energy-restricted diet or seeking to lose weight
  • High alcohol consumption (<3-4 units/d for men; <2-3 units/d for women)
  • Females who are pregnant or lactating; self-reported allergy, intolerance or strong dislike of foods or drinks to be offered for the test breakfast, pasta meal or during the intervention period
  • Beck Depression Inventory score >10 and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) score >20 as self-reported markers of symptoms and concerns characteristic of depression and eating disorders, respectively.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: Control
2 consecutive days of standardised daily levels of moderate physical activity (PAL=1.85 reflecting their habitual levels), and matched energy (food) intake
Other: Control
Normal physical activity and standard energy intake
Experimental: SIT+E
2 consecutive days of reduced physical activity induced by prolonged periods of sitting (PAL=1.4) whilst maintaining the level of food intake prescribed in the Control trial, thus creating a positive energy balance
Other: SIT+E
Reduced physical activity and standard energy intake
Experimental: SIT=E
2 consecutive days of reduced physical activity induced by prolonged periods of sitting (PAL=1.4) whilst reducing food intake to match the reduction in energy expenditure induced by inactivity, thus maintaining energy balance
Other: SIT=E
Reduced physical activity and reduced energy intake

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The incremental area under curve for Insulin
Time Frame: Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for Insulin will be calculated using samples collected at 20 minute intervals between baseline and three hours
Over three hours from baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The incremental area under curve for arterialized whole blood glucose
Time Frame: Over four hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for arterialized whole blood glucose will be calculated using samples collected at 10 minute intervals between baseline and four hours
Over four hours from baseline

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The incremental area under curve for free fatty acids
Time Frame: Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for free fatty acids will be calculated using samples collected at 20 minute intervals between baseline and three hours
Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for Triglycerides
Time Frame: Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for Triglycerides will be calculated using samples collected at 20 minute intervals between baseline and three hours
Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for Ghrelin
Time Frame: Over four hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for Ghrelin will be calculated using samples collected at one hour intervals between baseline and four hours
Over four hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for composite satiety score
Time Frame: Over four hours from baseline
Composite satiety score will be calculated using 100mm visual analogue score ratings of satiety, fullness, hunger, desire to eat and prospective food consumption collected every 20 minutes between baseline and four hours.
Over four hours from baseline
Weight of consumption of a pasta meal three hours after baseline
Time Frame: Three hours post baseline
Weight of pasta consumed from a bowel refilled prior to being empty until participants feel comfortably full
Three hours post baseline
The incremental area under curve for cardiovascular parameters
Time Frame: Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for mean blood pressure,cardiac output, stroke volume, peripheral resistance, heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure continuously over three hours from baseline using Finometer
Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for limb blood flow
Time Frame: Over three hours from baseline
The incremental area under curve for limb blood flow measured at 30 minute intervals between baseline and three hours using venous occlusion plethysmography
Over three hours from baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Nottingham

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 20, 2017

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
March 13, 2020

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 13, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 19, 2019

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 19, 2019

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
November 21, 2019

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 30, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 27, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • I200317

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

only anonymised individual personal data will be shared, upon specific request from other researchers, for example, in order to undertake a meta analysis

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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