Handy Hygiene of Children: Understanding the Effect of Live Feedback on Handwashing Behavior

February 4, 2022 updated by: Prof. Dr. Thorsten Staake
Objective of the randomized controlled trial is to assess the impact of a digital intervention on hand hygiene of young children. Children in intervention kindergartens / elementary schools will see live instructions and feedback on their current hand washing activity while washing hands. We hypothesize that the digital intervention will improve hand hygiene practices of children in kindergarten / elementary school.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
127

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Finland
      • Turku, Finland, 20520
        • University of Turku
  • Germany
      • Bamberg, Germany, 96047
        • Otto-Friedrich-University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

2 years to 6 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • children aged between 2 and 7 years of age
  • children attending kindergarten

Exclusion Criteria:

  • none

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Live feedback provided on display during handwashing
Other: Live feedback during handwashing
Live feedback provided during handwashing on display
No Intervention: No live feedback provided during handwashing

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Main effects of live feedback on handwashing of children
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Live feedback is hypothesized to change hand washing activities of children in the short- and long-term. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure).
Up to 3 months
Effect of one-time education session on handwashing of children
Time Frame: Up to 1 month
One-time educational video is hypothesized to change handwashing activity in the short term but declines with time. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure).
Up to 1 month
Habit formation through live feedback on handwashing of children
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Hand washing activities of children are hypothesized to remain changed when live feedback is stopped and in locations where no live feedback is available. Change in hand washing activity is determined with questionnaires for children, parents and educators.
Up to 3 months
Habit formation through live feedback on handwashing of children
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Hand washing activities of children are hypothesized to remain changed when live feedback is stopped and in locations where no live feedback is available. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure).
Up to 3 months
Acquisition of competences of children
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Live feedback is hypothesized to change competences of children. Change in hand washing activity is determined with questionnaires for children, parents and educators.
Up to 3 months
Acquisition of competences of children
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Live feedback is hypothesized to change competences of children. Change in hand washing activity is determined with IoT devices measuring water and soap usage (combined into one measure).
Up to 3 months
Self-efficacy of children
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Live feedback is hypothesized to change self-efficacy of children. To be measured with questionnaires for children, parents and educators.
Up to 3 months
Attitude towards technology of parents
Time Frame: Up to 3 months
Acquisition of competences perceived by parents is hypothesized to be dependent on their attitude towards digital solutions. To be measured with questionnaires for children, parents and educators.
Up to 3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Prof. Dr. Thorsten Staake

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
University of Turku

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Joanna Graichen, M.Sc., Otto-Friedrich-University Bamberg
  • Principal Investigator: Anni Pakarinen, PhD, University of Turku
  • Principal Investigator: Carlo Stingl, M.Sc., Otto-Friedrich-University Bamberg
  • Principal Investigator: Riitta Mieronkoski, University of Turku
  • Principal Investigator: Thorsten Staake, Prof. Dr., Otto-Friedrich-University Bamberg
  • Principal Investigator: Sanna Salanterä, Prof., University of Turku

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 19, 2021

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 19, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 9, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 23, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 26, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 7, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 4, 2022

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • Hand hygiene of children

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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