Comparing Carbon Ion Therapy, Surgery, and Proton Therapy for Management of Pelvic Sarcomas Involving the Bone

March 11, 2026 updated by: Mayo Clinic

Prospective Comparative Effectiveness Trial of Carbon Ion Therapy, Surgery, and Proton Therapy for the Management of Pelvic Sarcomas (Soft Tissue/Bone) Involving the Bone

This study compares carbon ion therapy, surgery, and proton therapy to determine if one has better disease control and fewer side effects. There are three types of radiation treatment used for pelvic bone sarcomas: surgery with or without photon/proton therapy, proton therapy alone, and carbon ion therapy alone. The purpose of this study is to compare quality of life among patients treated for pelvic bone sarcomas across the world, and to determine if carbon ion therapy improves quality of life compared to surgery and disease control compared with proton therapy.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Demonstrate whether carbon ion therapy provides improved patient reported health related quality of life (PRO-HRQOL) outcomes and less significant toxicities compared with surgery.

II. Demonstrate whether carbon ion therapy provides improved local control versus proton therapy.

OUTLINE:

Patients complete quality of life questionnaires over 20 minutes at baseline (before any therapy), 2-4 and 5-9 months after completion of therapy, and then annually for up to 5 years. Patients' medical records are also reviewed.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
72

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Arizona
      • Scottsdale, Arizona, United States, 85259
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic in Arizona
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jonathan B. Ashman, MD, PhD
    • Florida
      • Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32224-9980
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic in Florida
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bradford S. Hoppe, MD
    • Minnesota
      • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic in Rochester
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Meng Welliver, MD, PhD

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

15 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients with newly diagnosed, histologic confirmation of pelvic chordoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma with bone involvement, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with bone involvement or non-RMS soft tissue sarcoma with bone involvement treated with curative intent carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) at one of the carbon ion facilities in Europe or Asia or deemed appropriate to undergo definitive treatment with surgery or radiation therapy at Mayo Clinic (Minnesota, Florida, Arizona)

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Males and females >= 15 years of age
  • Newly diagnosed, histologic confirmation of pelvic chordoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma with bone involvement, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with bone involvement or non-RMS soft tissue sarcoma with bone involvement
  • No evidence of distant sarcoma metastases as determined by clinical examination and any form of imaging
  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) =< 2
  • Patients capable of childbearing must agree to use adequate contraception
  • Ability to complete questionnaire(s) by themselves or with assistance
  • Ability to provide written informed consent
  • Chemotherapy per institutional guidelines is allowed

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients receiving palliative treatment
  • Recurrent disease
  • Males and females < 15 years of age
  • Previous radiation therapy to the site of the sarcoma or area surrounding it such that it would be partially or completely encompassed by the radiation volume needed to treat the current sarcoma. In other words, treatment on this study would require re-irradiation of tissues
  • Patients with distant sarcoma metastases
  • Benign pelvic bone histologies

  • Any of the following:

    • Pregnant women
    • Nursing women
    • Men or women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Cohort
  • Time Perspectives: Prospective

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Observational (questionnaires, medical record review)
Patients complete quality of life questionnaires over 20 minutes at baseline (before any therapy), 2-4 and 5-9 months after completion of therapy, and then annually for up to 5 years. Patients' medical records are also reviewed.
Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment
Complete quality of life questionnaires
Other Names:
  • Quality of Life Assessment
Other: Electronic Health Record Review
Medical records are reviewed

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Average difference in change of functional quality of life (QOL)
Time Frame: Baseline (pre-treatment) to 1 year after completion of treatment
Will be compared between patients who received carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) and surgery utilizing a one-sided test for a two sample t-test for independent means. The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29 functional score will be calculated and median, mean, and 95% confidence interval will be computed for each arm, with one-sided two-sample t-tests conducted between the surgery +/- radiation therapy (RT) and CIRT arm.
Baseline (pre-treatment) to 1 year after completion of treatment
Proportion of patients experiencing local control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Will be calculated along with 95% confidence intervals with a one-sided test for non-inferiority to be conducted between the PT and CIRT arms.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Progression-free survival - local control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
The Kaplan-Meier method with likelihood ratio tests will be used to calculate clinical outcomes including local control as well as progression-free survival for each arm and stratified by arm.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Progression-free survival - regional control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
The Kaplan-Meier method with likelihood ratio tests will be used to calculate clinical outcomes including regional control as well as progression-free survival for each arm and stratified by arm.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Progression-free survival - distant control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
The Kaplan-Meier method with likelihood ratio tests will be used to calculate clinical outcomes including distant control as well as progression-free survival for each arm and stratified by arm.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Overall survival - local control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
The Kaplan-Meier method with likelihood ratio tests will be used to calculate clinical outcomes including local control as well as overall survival for each arm and stratified by arm.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Overall survival - regional control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
The Kaplan-Meier method with likelihood ratio tests will be used to calculate clinical outcomes including regional control as well as overall survival for each arm and stratified by arm.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Overall survival - distant control
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
The Kaplan-Meier method with likelihood ratio tests will be used to calculate clinical outcomes including distant control as well as overall survival for each arm and stratified by arm.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Secondary and exploratory analyses on toxicity data
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Secondary and exploratory analyses on data will be conducted utilizing standard logistic regression analysis for acute (< 6 months) and late (> 6 months) toxicity.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Secondary and exploratory analyses on dose volume histogram (DVH) data
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Secondary and exploratory analyses on data will be conducted utilizing standard logistic regression analysis for acute (< 6 months) and late (> 6 months) toxicity.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Dose volume histogram
Time Frame: Up to 5 years after completion of treatment
Secondary and exploratory analyses on toxicity and DVH data will be conducted utilizing standard logistic regression analysis for acute (< 6 months) and late (> 6 months) toxicity. Receiver-operator curves and area-under-the curve will be computed separately for each DVH metric to determine the effect on toxicity, QOL, local control and survival.
Up to 5 years after completion of treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Mayo Clinic

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Bradford S. Hoppe, MD, MPH, Mayo Clinic

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 20, 2022

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 30, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 30, 2031

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 23, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 30, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 2, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 11, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • MC210709 (Other Identifier: Mayo Clinic)
  • ROF2181 (Other Identifier: Mayo Clinic Radiation Oncology)
  • NCI-2021-08847 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))
  • 21-004080 (Other Identifier: Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

Yes

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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