Are Personal Smartphones Hurting Work-Life Balance for Nurse Managers?

March 19, 2026 updated by: Methodist Health System
For leadership positions with only a handful of staff under their direct chain of command, this may not be all-consuming and detrimental to work-life balance. But for NMs with upwards of 100 direct reports, this can make for a never-ending stream of contact points. This study will implement several communication and behavioral strategies to determine how using provided smartphone tools impact work-life balance and professional burnout.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The study will be conducted over a six-month period using a quasi-experimental Pre-test/Post-test design using Stamm's (2009) ProQOL Scale. This study is being done as a pilot study with a small sample size. NMs will be recruited as volunteers for participation in the study with an anticipated six-month time commitment. Upon receipt of informed consent, participants will be divided into two groups. Group 1 will receive a list of suggested tools used to decrease the amount of smartphone interruptions after business hours (Appendix B) and Group 2 will receive a work-issued smartphone with instructions for use (Appendix C). Both groups will use a pre-post test format designed to compare the outcomes between the two groups. Post-study analysis will compare pre- and post-tests within each group and will compare Group 1 and Group 2 post-intervention outcomes.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
6

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Texas
      • Mansfield, Texas, United States, 76063
        • Methodist Mansfield Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

  • Participant must hold the title of Nurse Manager or Interim Nurse Manager at Methodist Mansfield Medical Center
  • Participant must have greater than 50 direct reports

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participant must hold the title of Nurse Manager or Interim Nurse Manager at Methodist Mansfield Medical Center
  • Participant must have greater than 50 direct reports

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participant expects to separate employment with Methodist Health System prior to the conclusion of the study
  • Participant does not use their personal smartphone to communicate with direct reports

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Group 1

Must hold the title of Nurse Manager or Interim Nurse Manager at Methodist Mansfield Medical Center. Upon receipt of informed consent, participants will be divided into two groups.

Group 1 will receive a list of suggested tools used to decrease the amount of smartphone interruptions after business hours
Other: Study will conducted over a six-month period using a quasi-experimental Pre-test/Post-test design using Stamm's (2009) ProQOL Scale.
Group 1 will receive a list of suggested tools used to decrease the amount of smartphone interruptions after business hours (Appendix B) and Group 2 will receive a work-issued smartphone with instructions for use (Appendix C). Both groups will use a pre-post test format designed to compare the outcomes between the two groups. Post-study analysis will compare pre- and post-tests within each group and will compare Group 1 and Group 2 post-intervention outcomes.
Group 2

Must hold the title of Nurse Manager or Interim Nurse Manager at Methodist Mansfield Medical Center. Upon receipt of informed consent, participants will be divided into two groups.

Group 2 will receive a work-issued smartphone with instructions for use (Appendix C).
Other: Study will conducted over a six-month period using a quasi-experimental Pre-test/Post-test design using Stamm's (2009) ProQOL Scale.
Group 1 will receive a list of suggested tools used to decrease the amount of smartphone interruptions after business hours (Appendix B) and Group 2 will receive a work-issued smartphone with instructions for use (Appendix C). Both groups will use a pre-post test format designed to compare the outcomes between the two groups. Post-study analysis will compare pre- and post-tests within each group and will compare Group 1 and Group 2 post-intervention outcomes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
• Impact of smartphone tool utilization will be measured using a pre-study survey and post-study survey using the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) Scale (Stamm, 2009).
Time Frame: 6 months
• Impact of smartphone tool utilization will be measured using a pre-study survey and post-study survey using the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) Scale (Stamm, 2009).
6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
• Participants in Group 1 will self-report on the post-study survey (Appendix D1) the number of tools implemented during the study duration.
Time Frame: 6 months
• Participants in Group 1 will self-report on the post-study survey (Appendix D1) the number of tools implemented during the study duration.
6 months
• Participants in Group 1 will self-report on the post-study survey (Appendix D1) the frequency of tool utilization during the study duration using a Likert scale.
Time Frame: 6 months
• Participants in Group 1 will self-report on the post-study survey (Appendix D1) the frequency of tool utilization during the study duration using a Likert scale.
6 months
• Participants in Group 2 will self-report on the post-study survey (Appendix D2) using the ProQOL Scale.
Time Frame: 6 months
• Participants in Group 2 will self-report on the post-study survey (Appendix D2) using the ProQOL Scale.
6 months
• Responses to the post-study survey from participants in Group 2 will be compared to participants in Group 1 to determine if utilizing a separate work smartphone during business hours has a greater improvement on work-life balance and burnout.
Time Frame: 6 months
• Responses to the post-study survey from participants in Group 2 will be compared to participants in Group 1 to determine if utilizing a separate work smartphone during business hours has a greater improvement on work-life balance and burnout.
6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Methodist Health System

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Brooks Williams, DNP, Methodist Health System

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 1, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 6, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 6, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 27, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 26, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 2, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 23, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 19, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 023.NUR.2021.M

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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