Application of CT-Linac-Based "All-in-One" One-Stop Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer

August 19, 2026 updated by: Xiaoli Yu, Fudan University

Application of CT-Linac-Based "All-in-One" One-Stop Radiotherapy in All-Scenario Breast Cancer Radiotherapy: A Prospective Clinical Study

This study aims to evaluate and report the clinical adverse events and dosimetric parameters in breast cancer patients undergoing an "all-in-one (AIO)" one-stop, fully automated radiotherapy workflow. By systematically tracking these clinical and physical metrics, we seek to establish a standardized clinical protocol for AIO radiotherapy in breast cancer management.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
225

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • China
    • Shanghai Municipality
      • Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China, 200032
        • Recruiting
        • Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically or pathologically confirmed breast cancer with definitive indications for radiotherapy (preoperative, postoperative, or radical)
  • ECOG performance status of 0-2
  • Able to remain still and supine on the treatment couch for up to 30 minutes
  • Provision of signed, written informed consent
  • Able to comply with daily follow-ups and blood sample collections

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Palliative radiotherapy for concurrent distant metastasis
  • Incomplete or ongoing chemotherapy
  • Synchronous multiple primary tumors
  • Current pregnancy or lactation
  • Prior history of radiotherapy to the ipsilateral breast, chest wall, thorax, or regional lymph nodes
  • Severe non-malignant comorbidities (e.g., cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma) resulting in a short life expectancy or inability to tolerate radical radiotherapy
  • Inability or unlikelihood to comply with study follow-up
  • Inability or unwillingness to provide written informed consent

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: ARM1: AI-empowered AIO WBI
Evaluates the feasibility, safety, and patient experiences of the AI-empowered AIO workflow in breast cancer patients undergoing whole-breast irradiation (WBI) without regional nodal involvement.
Other: Radiotherapy procedure
The workflow relies on specialized convolutional neural networks for automated segmentation and dose-prediction auto-planning. These breast cancer models were trained on 285 historical institutional cases spanning radical mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery over five years. Auto-delineated structures include the clinical target volume, regional lymph nodes (if involved), tumor bed (identified by surgical clips), heart, bilateral lungs, unaffected breast, spinal cord, esophagus, thyroid, and affected humeral head. These contours guide dose prediction to generate deliverable tangential arc plans via clinical-goal-guided automated optimization in the treatment planning system. To adapt to the on-couch treatment scenario, models were validated on retrospective data and offline routines to maximize target delineation accuracy and the first-approval rate of auto-plans.
Other: ARM2: Expanded-Scenario AIO RT
Evaluates the feasibility, safety, and patient experiences of the AI-empowered AIO workflow in breast cancer patients with broader radiotherapy indications, including breast/chest wall irradiation with or without regional nodal radiotherapy.
Other: Radiotherapy procedure
The workflow relies on specialized convolutional neural networks for automated segmentation and dose-prediction auto-planning. These breast cancer models were trained on 285 historical institutional cases spanning radical mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery over five years. Auto-delineated structures include the clinical target volume, regional lymph nodes (if involved), tumor bed (identified by surgical clips), heart, bilateral lungs, unaffected breast, spinal cord, esophagus, thyroid, and affected humeral head. These contours guide dose prediction to generate deliverable tangential arc plans via clinical-goal-guided automated optimization in the treatment planning system. To adapt to the on-couch treatment scenario, models were validated on retrospective data and offline routines to maximize target delineation accuracy and the first-approval rate of auto-plans.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Acute adverse events
Time Frame: 6 months
The incidence and severity of acute adverse event include radiation dermatitis, pruritus, skin pain, radiation esophagitis, and radiation pneumonitis.
6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Accuracy
Time Frame: 2 months
Auto-segmentation accuracy was assessed by comparing automatically generated contours against the final physician-approved contours
2 months
Success rate
Time Frame: 2 months
Record AIO workflow success rate: online planning one-pass optimization success rate.
2 months
Quality of life (QoL)
Time Frame: 6 months
Quality of life will be evaluated via standardized QoL scales.
6 months
Time efficiency
Time Frame: 2 months
The time efficiency of the workflow was automatically recorded by the system
2 months
Full-Workflow Patient Intrafraction Motion
Time Frame: 2 months
Evaluated based on geometric deviations between pretreatment image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), posttreatment imaging, and the baseline simulation CT
2 months
Correlation of Patient Metrology with Setup Error and Dosimetric Performance
Time Frame: 2 months
Evaluation of how Body Mass Index (BMI) and weight fluctuations correlate with geometric setup errors and in vivo gamma pass rates
2 months
Correlation of Anatomical Scale with Setup Error and Dosimetric Performance
Time Frame: 2 months
Evaluation of how anatomical scale/breast size correlates with geometric setup errors and in vivo gamma pass rates
2 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Fudan University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 27, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 27, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 27, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 1, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 19, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 20, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 20, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 19, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • FDRT-BC029

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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