Indicated Prevention With At-Risk Gamblers

December 10, 2013 updated by: Mary Larimer, University of Washington
The overall purpose of this study is to reduce the prevalence of gambling risk in college students by evaluating the effectiveness of different treatments in reducing gambling behavior and related negative consequences.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to a personal feedback intervention (PFI) or assessment only for 3 years. The PFI intervention will be delivered in a single session. Measures will include the NORC DSM Screen for Problem Gambling (NODS), the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), Gambling Quantity and Perceived Norms, Perceived Injunctive Gambling Norms, Gambling Problems Index, gambling frequency, attitudes and beliefs about gambling and self-control, readiness to change, gambling expectancies, gambling motives, gambling risk perception, psychiatric symptoms, assertiveness, coping skills, substance use, alcohol-related problems, self-determination, and social desirability.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

225

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Washington
      • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98195
        • University of Washington; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

17 years to 24 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • College student
  • South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) score greater than 3

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None, other than not meeting inclusion criteria

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Assessment Only Control
Completed Baseline and 6 month follow-up surveys only.
Experimental: Personalized Feedback Intervention
See Intervention Description
Behavioral: Personalized Feedback Intervention
Sessions lasted for 60-90 minutes and used Motivational Interviewing (MI) to facilitate discussion of feedback from participants' survey responses. Sessions began with open-ended questions about contextual factors associated with participants' gambling, then review of each feedback section: gambling pattern; perceived gambling norms; positive expectancies and negative consequences of gambling; beliefs about control over gambling; and situational self-efficacy to avoid gambling. Participants were encouraged to consider the feedback in light of their personal goals. All participants received a copy of their feedback, a list of skills for limiting gambling and a resource/referral list.
Experimental: Cognitive Behavioral Intervention
See Intervention Description
Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Intervention
Participants completed either six weekly 1-hour sessions or attend four sessions containing the same content. Sessions covered functional analysis and gambling triggers; challenging cognitive distortions, with emphasis on illusions of control; coping with triggers; assertiveness; and relapse prevention. Participants received a pamphlet covering each week's topic (which was reviewed with the participant if a session was missed), as well as homework sheets and gambling diaries. CBI participants were asked to refrain from gambling for the duration of the group to provide an opportunity to practice and develop skills applicable to gambling and other behavior change situations.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS)
Time Frame: 6-Months
The 20-item South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) measures gambling involvement and problem severity based on DSM-III-R pathological gambling criteria.
6-Months
Gambling Quantity and Perceived Norms Scale (GQPN)
Time Frame: 6 Months
The gambling quantity and perceived norms scale (GQPN) includes a six-item expenditure subscale assessing amount of money won/lost through gambling on a 10-point scale from $0 to more than $2000 over time-periods from the past month to past year. Additional items assess gambling frequency (on a 10-point scale from never to every day in the past year), disposable income (on an 11-point scale from less than $50 to more than $500 per month) and perceptions of gambling frequency and expenditure for the typical college student (perceived norms). Gambling expenditure was calculated as the expenditure subscale mean residualized on disposable income.
6 Months
Gambling Frequency (SOGS)
Time Frame: 6 Months
The SOGS was modified to assess internet gambling frequency and expand gambling frequency response options from a three- to a five-point scale with anchors of no times, one to 10 times, more than 10 times, less than weekly, weekly or more than weekly but less than daily, and daily. This modified frequency scale has been shown to correlate highly with other measures of gambling frequency.
6 Months
Gambling Problems Index (GPI)
Time Frame: 6 Months
Gambling problems (or negative consequences) were assessed using the 20-item Gambling Problems Index (GPI). Participants indicated how often, from never to more than 10 times in the past 6 months, they experienced consequences while, or as a result of, gambling.
6 Months
National Opinion Research Center DSM-IV Screen for Pathological Gambling (NODS)
Time Frame: 6 Months
DSM-IV [1] criteria for pathological gambling were assessed using the 17-item National Opinion Research Center DSM-IV Screen (NODS). Some criteria have multiple items, but possible scores range from 0-10 DSM-IV criteria endorsed in the past 6 months.
6 Months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Illusions of Control
Time Frame: 6 Months
Illusions of control were assessed via a six-item subscale from the Beliefs About Control Scale (BACS), on a five-point scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree.
6 Months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Washington

Collaborators

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Mary E Larimer, Ph.D, University of Washington, Dept of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

July 1, 2003

Primary Completion (Actual)

July 1, 2003

Study Completion (Actual)

July 1, 2003

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 20, 2004

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 23, 2004

First Posted (Estimate)

February 24, 2004

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

December 11, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 10, 2013

Last Verified

December 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 23848-C
  • R21MH067026 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • DATR A2-AII

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Gambling

Clinical Trials on Personalized Feedback Intervention

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Croatia

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

Subscribe