Mediterranean Diet and the Metabolic Syndrome (MedDiet)

March 4, 2013 updated by: Benoit Lamarche, Laval University

Mechanistic Investigation of the Mediterranean Diet and Its Impact on the Metabolic Syndrome in Men

While there is now undisputable evidence relating elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), it is being increasingly recognized that a significant proportion of CHD events occur in individuals characterized by a cluster of additional metabolic and physiological perturbations now defined as the metabolic syndrome. Epidemiological and clinical evidence have shown us that nutritional factors, often in conjunction with obesity, play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. In that regard, accumulating evidence suggest that a Mediterranean-style diet (MedDiet) may beneficially modify several components of the metabolic syndrome including plasma triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, insulin resistance, waist circumference and markers of vascular inflammation. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of the MedDiet on features of the metabolic syndrome and the importance of body weight reduction in maximizing these effects represent key issues that have yet to be investigated.

The general objective of the study is to investigate for the first time in a controlled feeding study the mechanisms and factors underlying the impact of the MedDiet, with and without weight loss on the dyslipidemic features of the metabolic syndrome.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The study has a duration of 35 weeks for each participant. Subjects will be first assigned to a North American control diet that they will consume for five weeks under isocaloric, weight-maintaining conditions. Participants will then consume the MedDiet for 5 weeks, again under isocaloric, weight-maintaining conditions. All foods will be provided to participants during these consecutive 5-week diets. Participants subsequently will then undergo a 20-week weight loss period in free-living conditions during which they will be given advice on how to create a 500 kcal deficit in their daily energy intake. The last phase of the study consists of a second 5-week MedDiet consumed under feeding, weight stabilizing conditions. Metabolic studies and CHD risk factor assessment will be performed at the end of each experimental diets. Metabolic studies include the measurement of in vivo kinetics of apolipoprotein (apo)B-containing lipoproteins including small dense LDL, apoCIII, HDL (apoAI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as indirect measures of cholesterol absorption and synthesis.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

26

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
      • Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
        • Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men from the Québec City metropolitan area with the metabolic syndrome based on the NCEP-ATP III definition (3 criteria or more see below):
  • Waist circumference ≥ 102 cm
  • Triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L
  • HDL-cholesterol <= 1.04 mmol/L
  • Systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg
  • Fasting blood glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L
  • Stable body weight (+/- 2 kg) for 6 months before the beginning of the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous history of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and monogenic dyslipidemia
  • Subjects taking medications for hyperlipidemia or hypertension
  • Endocrine disorders
  • Food allergies or aversion for specific components of the MedDiet
  • Smokers
  • Consummation excessive of alcohol (> 2 consummation/day)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: North American diet
Control North American diet for five weeks in isocaloric conditions
Other: isocaloric diet
Other Names:
  • 3 isocaloric die
Experimental: Mediterranean diet
Mediterranean diet for five weeks in isocaloric conditions
Other: isocaloric diet
Other Names:
  • 3 isocaloric die
Experimental: weight loss period
Weight loss period of 20-week (minimum 5% reduction in body weight)
Other: free living conditions
Other Names:
  • weight lost free living conditions
Active Comparator: Weight stabilizing mediterranean diet
Mediterranean diet for five weeks in isocaloric weight stabilizing conditions
Other: isocaloric diet
Other Names:
  • 3 isocaloric die

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
plasma LDL, TG and HDL-C
Time Frame: Week 5, 10 and 35 (at the end of each weight-maintaining diet)
Week 5, 10 and 35 (at the end of each weight-maintaining diet)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
CRP, and blood pressure, kinetic of lipoproteins
Time Frame: Week 5, 10 and 35 (at the end of each weight-maintaining diet)
Week 5, 10 and 35 (at the end of each weight-maintaining diet)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Laval University

Collaborators

Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

Investigators

  • Study Director: Benoît Lamarche, PhD, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

May 1, 2007

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2008

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2008

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 25, 2009

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 1, 2009

First Posted (Estimate)

October 2, 2009

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

March 5, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 4, 2013

Last Verified

March 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • INAF-2006-277

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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