- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT01195077
Could Dietary Algae Affect Immunity and Viral Counts in People With HIV? (HIV)
Drawing inferences from epidemiologic studies of HIV/AIDS as well well as cell culture and animal studies of HIV inhibition by algae, we propose algal consumption as one unifying characteristic of countries with anomalously low rates. HIV/AIDS incidence and prevalence in Eastern Asia (<1/10,000 adults in Japan and Korea), compared to Africa (≈1/10 adults) strongly suggest that differences in IV drug use and sexual behavior are insufficient to explain the 1000-fold variation. Even in Africa, AIDS/HIV rates vary. Spirulina is part of the daily diet for many people living in Chad, where prevalence of HIV has remained at less than 4% for more than 20 years. Average daily algae consumption in Asia and Africa ranges between 1 to 2 tablespoons (3 - 13 grams).
HIV viral load is the main indicator of infection, however CD4 helper cell counts are most predictive of morbidity and mortality.We hypothesized that the consumption of algae could be important in diminishing the risk of HIV infection, and subsequent progression, possibly by enhancing the immune response.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Phase 2
- Phase 1
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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South Carolina
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Columbia, South Carolina, United States, 29208
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program/University of South Carolina
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Clinical diagnosis of HIV
- Able to swallow pills
Exclusion Criteria:
- Allergy to iodine/seafood
- Thyroid disease
- Not taking antiretroviral therapy
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: N/A
- Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Seaweed, Spirulina, Seaweed + Spirulina
Randomized to: Arm 1: Seaweed. Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. Arm 2: Spirulina: Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. Arm 3: Seaweed: (2.5 grams) plus Spirulina (2.5 grams). Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. |
Arm 1: Seaweed. Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. Arm 2: Spirulina: Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. Arm 3: Seaweed: (2.5 grams) plus Spirulina (2.5 grams). Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. Spirulina: Ten capsules of .5 grams per capsule for a total of 10 grams per day. |
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Dietary algae influence on CD4 helper cells and HIV viral load
Time Frame: Once a week for first 3 weeks, then once a month
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The first 6 subjects participated for 3 weeks.
After analysis of the results, it was determined that there were no side effects and some indication of benefit.
The next 6 subjects participated for up to 14 months.
|
Once a week for first 3 weeks, then once a month
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Would seaweed (Undaria) or spirulina or a combination of the two algae have more benefit?
Time Frame: Participants were randomized to one of 3 treatments.
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The combination of the 2 algae appeared to have more benefit.
However, the sample size was too small to make conclusions.
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Participants were randomized to one of 3 treatments.
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Jane Teas, Ph.D., University of South Carolina
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Trinchero J, Ponce NM, Cordoba OL, Flores ML, Pampuro S, Stortz CA, Salomon H, Turk G. Antiretroviral activity of fucoidans extracted from the brown seaweed Adenocystis utricularis. Phytother Res. 2009 May;23(5):707-12. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2723.
- Damonte EB, Matulewicz MC, Cerezo AS. Sulfated seaweed polysaccharides as antiviral agents. Curr Med Chem. 2004 Sep;11(18):2399-419. doi: 10.2174/0929867043364504.
- Pereira HS, Leao-Ferreira LR, Moussatche N, Teixeira VL, Cavalcanti DN, Costa LJ, Diaz R, Frugulhetti IC. Antiviral activity of diterpenes isolated from the Brazilian marine alga Dictyota menstrualis against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Antiviral Res. 2004 Oct;64(1):69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2004.06.006.
- Cumashi A, Ushakova NA, Preobrazhenskaya ME, D'Incecco A, Piccoli A, Totani L, Tinari N, Morozevich GE, Berman AE, Bilan MI, Usov AI, Ustyuzhanina NE, Grachev AA, Sanderson CJ, Kelly M, Rabinovich GA, Iacobelli S, Nifantiev NE; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Bio-Oncologia, Italy. A comparative study of the anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiangiogenic, and antiadhesive activities of nine different fucoidans from brown seaweeds. Glycobiology. 2007 May;17(5):541-52. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwm014. Epub 2007 Feb 12.
- Rechter S, Konig T, Auerochs S, Thulke S, Walter H, Dornenburg H, Walter C, Marschall M. Antiviral activity of Arthrospira-derived spirulan-like substances. Antiviral Res. 2006 Dec;72(3):197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.06.004. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
- Buffa V, Stieh D, Mamhood N, Hu Q, Fletcher P, Shattock RJ. Cyanovirin-N potently inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in cellular and cervical explant models. J Gen Virol. 2009 Jan;90(Pt 1):234-43. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.004358-0.
- Wang H, Ooi EV, Ang PO Jr. Antiviral activities of extracts from Hong Kong seaweeds. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2008 Dec;9(12):969-76. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0820154.
- Artan M, Li Y, Karadeniz F, Lee SH, Kim MM, Kim SK. Anti-HIV-1 activity of phloroglucinol derivative, 6,6'-bieckol, from Ecklonia cava. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Sep 1;16(17):7921-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.078. Epub 2008 Jul 29.
- Queiroz KC, Medeiros VP, Queiroz LS, Abreu LR, Rocha HA, Ferreira CV, Juca MB, Aoyama H, Leite EL. Inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity of HIV by polysaccharides of brown algae. Biomed Pharmacother. 2008 Jun;62(5):303-7. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.03.006. Epub 2008 Apr 4.
- Gideon TP, Rengasamy R. Toxicological evaluation of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus. J Med Food. 2008 Dec;11(4):638-42. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0127.
- Paskaleva EE, Lin X, Duus K, McSharry JJ, Veille JC, Thornber C, Liu Y, Lee DY, Canki M. Sargassum fusiforme fraction is a potent and specific inhibitor of HIV-1 fusion and reverse transcriptase. Virol J. 2008 Jan 15;5:8. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-5-8.
- Paskaleva EE, Lin X, Li W, Cotter R, Klein MT, Roberge E, Yu EK, Clark B, Veille JC, Liu Y, Lee DY, Canki M. Inhibition of highly productive HIV-1 infection in T cells, primary human macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes by Sargassum fusiforme. AIDS Res Ther. 2006 May 25;3:15. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-3-15.
- Ahn MJ, Yoon KD, Kim CY, Kim JH, Shin CG, Kim J. Inhibitory activity on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and integrase of a carmalol derivative from a brown Alga, Ishige okamurae. Phytother Res. 2006 Aug;20(8):711-3. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1939.
- Ahn MJ, Yoon KD, Min SY, Lee JS, Kim JH, Kim TG, Kim SH, Kim NG, Huh H, Kim J. Inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease by phlorotannins from the brown alga Ecklonia cava. Biol Pharm Bull. 2004 Apr;27(4):544-7. doi: 10.1248/bpb.27.544.
- Simpore J, Zongo F, Kabore F, Dansou D, Bere A, Nikiema JB, Pignatelli S, Biondi DM, Ruberto G, Musumeci S. Nutrition rehabilitation of HIV-infected and HIV-negative undernourished children utilizing spirulina. Ann Nutr Metab. 2005 Nov-Dec;49(6):373-80. doi: 10.1159/000088889. Epub 2005 Oct 11.
- Simpore J, Kabore F, Zongo F, Dansou D, Bere A, Pignatelli S, Biondi DM, Ruberto G, Musumeci S. Nutrition rehabilitation of undernourished children utilizing Spiruline and Misola. Nutr J. 2006 Jan 23;5:3. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-5-3.
- Yamani E, Kaba-Mebri J, Mouala C, Gresenguet G, Rey JL. [Use of spirulina supplement for nutritional management of HIV-infected patients: study in Bangui, Central African Republic]. Med Trop (Mars). 2009 Feb;69(1):66-70. French.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- Dietary Algae and HIV
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