Long-term Safety of Once-daily Hydrocodone Bitartrate (HYD) Tablets For Moderate to Severe Chronic Nonmalignant and Nonneuropathic Pain. Includes a 24-week Extension Period.

An Open-label, Multicenter Study to Assess the Long -Term Safety of Hydrocodone Bitartrate (HYD) Tablets 20 to 120 mg Once-daily in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Chronic Nonmalignant and Nonneuropathic Pain

The primary objective of this study is to characterize the long-term safety of Hydrocodone Bitartrate (HYD) tablets 20 to 120 mg once-daily in subjects with chronic nonmalignant and nonneuropathic pain.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chronic Nonmalignant and Nonneuropathic Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Hydrocodone bitartrate q24h film-coated tablets

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 922
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Alabama
    • Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35213
      • Alliance Clinical Research
  • Arizona
    • Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 85023
      • Arizona Research Center
    • Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85712
      • Quality of Life Medical & Research Center, LLC
    • Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85704
      • Genova Clinical Research
  • California
    • Anaheim, California, United States, 92801-2417
      • ACRI -Phase1, LLC
    • Anaheim, California, United States, 92804
      • United Clinical Research Center, Inc.
    • Carmichael, California, United States, 95608
      • Med Center
    • Fresno, California, United States, 93726
      • Research Center of Fresno, Inc.
    • La Mesa, California, United States, 91942
      • TriWest Research Associates
    • Lomita, California, United States, 90717
      • Torrance Clinical Research
    • Long Beach, California, United States, 90806
      • Skyline Research, LLC
    • Pasadena, California, United States, 91105
      • Lotus Clinical Research, LLC
    • Richmond, California, United States, 94806
      • Center for Clinical Research, Inc
    • Sacramento, California, United States, 95821
      • Northern California Research
    • Spring Valley, California, United States, 91978
      • Encompass Clinical Research
  • Connecticut
    • Waterbury, Connecticut, United States, 06708
      • Chase Medical Research, LLC
  • Florida
    • Bradenton, Florida, United States, 34208
      • Meridien Research
    • Clearwater, Florida, United States, 33756
      • Innovative Research of West Florida, Inc.
    • DeLand, Florida, United States, 32720
      • Avail Clinical Research, LLC
    • Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33916
      • Clinical Physiology Associates
    • Hallandale Beach, Florida, United States, 33009
      • MD Clinical
    • Hialeah, Florida, United States, 33012
      • AGA Clinical Trials
    • Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32216
      • Clinical Neuroscience Solutions, Inc.
    • Jupiter, Florida, United States, 33458
      • Health Awareness, Inc.
    • Lauderhill, Florida, United States, 33319
      • Fidelity Clinical Research, Inc.
    • Miami, Florida, United States, 33176
      • Neuroscience Consultants LLC
    • Ocala, Florida, United States, 34471
      • Renstar Medical Research
    • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32806
      • Compass Research, LLC
    • Ormond Beach, Florida, United States, 32174
      • Peninsula Research, Inc.
    • Plantation, Florida, United States, 33317
      • Gold Coast Research, LLC
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33603
      • Clinical Research of West Florida, Inc.
  • Georgia
    • Columbus, Georgia, United States, 31904
      • Southeast Regional Research Group
    • Marietta, Georgia, United States, 30060
      • Georgia Institute for Clinical Research, LLC
    • Marietta, Georgia, United States, 30060
      • Taylor Research, LLC
    • Stockbridge, Georgia, United States, 30281
      • Atlanta Knee and Shoulder Clinic, PC
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60622
      • Illinois Center for Clinical Research
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46250
      • Rehabilitation Associates of Indiana
    • Valparaiso, Indiana, United States, 46383
      • Northwest Indiana Center for Clinical Research
  • Iowa
    • West Des Moines, Iowa, United States, 50265
      • Integrated Clinical Trial Services, Inc.
  • Kansas
    • Leawood, Kansas, United States, 66211
      • ICRI
  • Kentucky
    • Crestview Hills, Kentucky, United States, 41017
      • Community Research
    • Madisonville, Kentucky, United States, 42431
      • Commonwealth Biomedical Research, LLC
  • Louisiana
    • New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, 70114
      • Louisiana Research Associates, Inc.
  • Massachusetts
    • Brockton, Massachusetts, United States, 02301
      • Beacon Clinical Research, LLC
    • Watertown, Massachusetts, United States, 02472-3930
      • MedVadis Research Corporation
  • Michigan
    • Traverse City, Michigan, United States, 49684
      • Medical Research Associates, Inc.
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63141
      • Mercy Health Research
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63117
      • Medex Healthcare Research, Inc.
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63128
      • Advance Clinical Research
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63141
      • Sundance Clinical Research, LLC
  • Nebraska
    • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68114
      • Quality Clinical Research
  • Nevada
    • Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89123
      • Advanced Biomedical Research of America
    • Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89144
      • Research Facility
  • New Jersey
    • Berlin, New Jersey, United States, 08009
      • Comprehensive Clinical Research
    • Willingboro, New Jersey, United States, 08046
      • CRI Worldwide LLC
  • New Mexico
    • Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, 87108
      • Lovelace Scientific Resources
  • New York
    • Hartsdale, New York, United States, 10530
      • Drug Trials America
    • New York, New York, United States, 10128
      • The Medical Research Network, LLC
    • New York, New York, United States, 10022
      • Research Across America
    • Rochester, New York, United States, 14618
      • Finger Lakes Clinical Research
    • Williamsville, New York, United States, 14221
      • Upstate Clinical Research Associates
  • North Carolina
    • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, 28209
      • PMG Research of Charlotte, LLC
    • Wilmington, North Carolina, United States, 28401
      • PMG Research of Wilmington LLC
    • Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27103
      • Clinical Trials of America, Inc.
    • Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27103
      • The Center for Clinical Research
  • Ohio
    • Akron, Ohio, United States, 44313
      • DayStar Clinical Research, Inc.
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45245
      • IVA Research
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45255
      • Community Research
    • Toledo, Ohio, United States, 43623
      • Bone Joint and Spine Surgeons, Inc.
  • Oklahoma
    • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73116
      • Cutting Edge Research Group
  • Pennsylvania
    • Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States, 16602
      • Allegheny Pain Management, P.C.
    • Bensalem, Pennsylvania, United States, 19020
      • Pennsylvania Research Institute
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19139
      • CRI Worldwide LLC
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19152
      • Founders Research Corporation
    • Tipton, Pennsylvania, United States, 16684
      • Tipton Medical & Diagnostic Center
  • South Carolina
    • Anderson, South Carolina, United States, 29621
      • Hartwell Research Group
    • Charleston, South Carolina, United States, 29406
      • Pain Research of Charleston
    • Greer, South Carolina, United States, 29651
      • Radiant Research, Inc.
  • South Dakota
    • Rapid City, South Dakota, United States, 57702
      • Health Concepts
  • Tennessee
    • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38119
      • Clinical Neuroscience Solutions, Inc.
    • New Tazewell, Tennessee, United States, 37825
      • Heartland Medical, PC
    • Smyrna, Tennessee, United States, 37167
      • HCCA Clinical Research Solutions
  • Texas
    • Austin, Texas, United States, 78758
      • Lovelace Scientific Resources, Inc.
    • Austin, Texas, United States, 78731
      • FutureSearch Trials of Neurology
    • Dallas, Texas, United States, 75230
      • KRK Medical Research
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77008
      • Heights Doctor's Clinic
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77040
      • JVC Family Medicine
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77098
      • Pioneer Research Solutions, Inc.
    • Killeen, Texas, United States, 76543
      • Team Research of Central Texas
    • Lake Jackson, Texas, United States, 77566
      • R/D Clinical Research, Inc.
    • Longview, Texas, United States, 75605
      • DCOL Center for Clinical Research
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78215
      • Sun Research Institute
    • Tomball, Texas, United States, 77375
      • Martin Diagnostic Clinic
  • Utah
    • Orem, Utah, United States, 84058
      • Aspen Clinical Research
    • West Jordan, Utah, United States, 84088
      • Advanced Clinical Research
  • Virginia
    • Roanoke, Virginia, United States, 24018
      • HypotheTest, LLC
  • Washington
    • Bellevue, Washington, United States, 98007
      • Northwest Clinical Research Center
    • Edmonds, Washington, United States, 98026
      • Washington Center for Pain Management

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria include:

• Male and female subjects ≥ 18 years of age with moderate to severe, chronic nonmalignant and nonneuropathic pain (lasting several hours daily) as their predominant pain condition for at least 3 months prior to the screening visit;
• Subjects deemed by the investigator/medically qualified designee (must be MD or DO) to be appropriate candidates for the protocol specified, around the clock HYD therapeutic regimen;
• Female subjects who are premenopausal or postmenopausal less than 1 year and who have not had surgical sterilization (ie, tubal ligation, partial or complete hysterectomy) must have a negative serum pregnancy test, be nonlactating, and willing to use adequate and reliable contraception throughout the study (eg, barrier with additional spermicidal foam or jelly, intra-uterine device, hormonal contraception);
• Subjects who are willing and able to be compliant with the protocol, are capable of subjective evaluation (ie pain scores), are able to read and understand questionnaires, are willing and able to use an electronic diary, and are able to read, understand, and sign the written informed consent form in English.

Exclusion Criteria include:

• Subjects taking opioid analgesic(s) equivalent to > 120 mg/day of oxycodone during the 14 days prior to the screening visit;
• Subjects who previously participated in an investigational hydrocodone study within 90 days prior to the first dose of study medication ;
• Subjects who have used any investigational medication other than hydrocodone within 30 days prior to the first dose of study drug;
• Subjects with any history of seizures (subjects with history of pediatric febrile seizures may participate in the study) or increase in intracranial pressure;
• Subjects with current uncontrolled depression or other uncontrolled psychiatric disorder (subjects with controlled depression or other psychiatric disorder must be on a stable medication for ≥ 1 month prior to the screening visit to participate in the study);
• Subjects with a history of alcohol, medication, or illicit drug abuse or addiction and/or history of opioid abuse or addiction at any time;
• Subjects with clinically unstable cardiac disease, including: unstable atrial fibrillation, symptomatic bradycardia, unstable congestive heart failure, active myocardial ischemia, or indwelling pacemaker;
• Subjects with unstable respiratory disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, precludes entry into this study;
• Subjects with biliary tract disease, hypothyroidism, adrenal cortical insufficiency, or any other medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, is inadequately treated and precludes entry into the study;
• Subjects with history of malignancy within past 2 years, with exception of basal cell carcinoma that has been successfully treated;
• Subjects with evidence of impaired liver function upon entry into the study (laboratory test values ≥ 3 times the upper limit of the laboratory reference (normal) range (ULN) for aspartate transaminase [AST/SGOT] or alanine transaminase [ALT/SGPT], or values > 2 times the ULN for alkaline phosphatase), or total bilirubin level > 1.5 times the ULN or, in the opinion of the investigator/medically qualified designee (must be MD or DO), liver function impairment to the extent that the subject should not participate in this study;
• Subjects with evidence of impaired kidney function upon entry into the study (ie, serum creatinine ≥ 2.5 mg/dL);
• Subjects with any condition in which opioids are contraindicated, eg, severe respiratory depression with hypoxia and/or hypercapnia, severe chronic obstructive lung disease, cor pulmonale, severe bronchial asthma, or paralytic ileus;
• Subjects who are allergic to hydrocodone or who have a history of allergies to other opioids. This does not include subjects who have experienced common opioid side effects (eg, nausea, constipation);
• Subjects receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or who have been taking MAOIs within 2 weeks of the screening visit.

Other protocol-specific inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Hydrocodone bitartrate; Hydrocodone bitartrate (HYD) once daily (q24h) tablets	Drug: Hydrocodone bitartrate q24h film-coated tablets; Hydrocodone bitartrate q24h film-coated tablets 20 - 120 mg once daily; Other Names: Hysingla ER

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Number of Participants With Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety	Safety assessments included AEs, clinical laboratory test results, vital sign measurements, ECG findings, and audiology assessments.	Up to 84 weeks
Daily "Average Pain Over the Last 24 Hours"	"Average pain over the last 24 hours" score (on an 11-point numerical rating scale where 0 = no pain and 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine).	Core study: from start to end of maintenance period (up to 52 weeks); Extension study: from start of maintenance to end of extension (up to 76 weeks)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
"Pain Right Now" Score	"Pain right now" scores were collected using an 11-point scale where 0 = no pain and 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine. The "pain right now" scores were only collected during the Core Study. "Pain right now" scores were not assessed during the Extension Period.	Week 12
Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Scale - Revised (MOS Sleep-R)	The MOS Sleep-R is a brief, self-administered 12-item assessment designed to measure key aspects of sleep. It includes a sleep problems index II and 6 subscale scores - sleep disturbance, sleep adequacy, daytime somnolence, snoring, awaken short of breath or with headache, and quantity of sleep. For each individual and time of assessment, quantity of sleep was recorded as the number of hours slept per night. The number of hours it took the subject to fall asleep per night was categorized 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 corresponding to 0 through 15, 16 through 30, 31 through 45, 46 through 60, or more than 60 minutes, respectively. The other scales were recorded as 1 = all of the time, 2 = most of the time, 3 = some of the time, 4 = a little of the time, or 5 = none of the time. A higher value indicates a better score, therefore a positive change from baseline indicates a better sleep pattern and a negative change from baseline indicates a worsening in sleep pattern.	Baseline and up to 52 weeks in the Core Study maintenance period, and up to 24 weeks in the Extension Period
Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI-SF)	The BPI-SF assessed the severity of pain and interference of pain on daily functions. It consists of 9 sections denoted by Q1 to Q8 and Q9A to Q9G according to their order in the questionnaire, that measure pain location, intensity, pain treatment, and functional interference of pain on mood and every day activities. Scores ranged from 0 (none) to 10 (worst as can be). Four of the items (questions 3 to 6) assess severity of pain and 7 items (questions 9A to 9G) assess interference of pain. The pain interference subscale score was determined by calculating the mean of responses to Q9A - Q9G [Q9A (general activity), Q9B (mood),Q9C (walking), Q9D (working), Q9E (relations with others), Q9F (sleep), and Q9G (enjoyment of life)] and the severity of pain subscale score was determined by calculating the mean of responses to Q3 - Q6 [Q3 (worst pain in last 24 hours), Q4 (least pain in last 24 hours), Q5 (average pain), and Q6 ("pain right now")]. A lower score indicates lower pain.	Up to 52 weeks in the Core Study maintenance period, and up to 24 weeks in the Extension Period
Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36)	The SF-36 is a generic health survey with 36 items that measure functional health and well-being from the subject's perspective. The 36 questions are grouped into 11 sections. Some of the sections consist of multiple questions. The survey is summarized into 8 dimensions/scales: physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health. From the 8 health dimensions, physical component summary, and mental component summary measures are derived. Scores on each scale ranged from 0 to 100; a higher score indicates a better perception of health.	Up to 52 weeks in the Core Study maintenance period, and up to 24 weeks in the Extension Period
Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)	The PGIC is an ordinal scale of global evaluation that assesses the change in overall status relative to the start of the study. The scale has only 1 item that measures global change of overall status (improvement or worsening) by the subject on a 7-point scale (Very much improved, Much improved, Minimally improved, No change, Minimally worse, Much worse, Very much worse.	At Week 52 in the Core Study maintenance period and at Week 24 in the Extension Period
Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ) - Part I	The TSQ is a self-administered questionnaire that consists of 2 parts. Part I has 6 questions (Q1 to Q6) that ask the subject to rate the experience with use of the study drug in comparison to the prestudy pain medication regarding ease of use, convenience, frequency, pain control, and overall satisfaction. Each question was rated on a scale from 1 (extremely satisfied) to 6 (extremely dissatisfied): Q1=Satisfaction with study drug; Q2=Ease of study drug use to treat pain; Q3=Convenience of study drug to treat pain; Q4=Overall drug satisfaction managing pain; Q5=Satisfaction with frequency of use; Q6=Ease of planning study drug use. The number of subjects with each category (1-6) of response for each individual question (Q1-Q6) was summarized for subjects who entered the core study maintenance period and responded to each question. TSQ - Part I was not administered in the extension period.	At Week 52 or upon early discontinuation at or before Week 4 in the Core Study maintenance period
Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ) - Part II	The TSQ is a self-administered questionnaire that consists of 2 parts. Part II has 2 questions that measure the subject's willingness to continue the use of study drug as pain medication (Q1), and to recommend the study drug to someone else (Q2). Question 1 consists of 6 categories of response rated on a scale from 1 (very willing to continue) to 6 (very unwilling to continue): 1=Very willing to continue; 2=Willing to continue; 3=Somewhat willing to continue; 4=Somewhat unwilling to continue; 5=Unwilling to continue; 6=Very unwilling to continue. Question 2 consists of 3 categories of response: 1=yes; 2=no; 3=undecided. The number of subjects with each category of response for each individual question was summarized for subjects completing the core study maintenance period and for those enrolled in the extension period.	At Week 52 or upon early discontinuation at or before Week 4 in maintenance and at Week 24 in extension

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Purdue Pharma LP

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Wen W, Taber L, Lynch SY, He E, Ripa S. 12-Month safety and effectiveness of once-daily hydrocodone tablets formulated with abuse-deterrent properties in patients with moderate to severe chronic pain. J Opioid Manag. 2015 Jul-Aug;11(4):339-56. doi: 10.5055/jom.2015.0283.
• Campbell K, Kutz JW Jr, Shoup A, Wen W, Lynch SY, He E, Ripa SR. Evaluation of the Ototoxicity Potential of Once-Daily, Single-Entity Hydrocodone in Patients with Chronic Pain: Results of Two Phase-3 Clinical Studies. Pain Physician. 2017 Jan-Feb;20(1):E183-E193.
• Kapil RP, Cipriano A, Wen W, Yu Lynch S, He E, Colucci SV, Harris SC. Pharmacokinetic Profile and Sustained 24-hour Analgesia of a Once-daily Hydrocodone Bitartrate Extended-release Tablet with Abuse-deterrent Properties. Clin Ther. 2016 Feb;38(2):302-14. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.12.003. Epub 2015 Dec 31.
• Taber L, Lynch SY, He E, Ripa SR. Long-term safety and effectiveness of once-daily, single-entity, extended-release hydrocodone over 76 weeks of an open-label study in patients with chronic noncancer and nonneuropathic pain. Postgrad Med. 2016 Jan;128(1):23-33. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2016.1134022. Epub 2016 Jan 12.

Helpful Links

• Full Prescribing Information

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): October 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 20, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 20, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): July 22, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 10, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 2, 2020
• Last Verified: March 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Pain; Opioid; Nonmalignant pain; Nonneuropathic Pain
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Physiological Effects of Drugs; Central Nervous System Depressants; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Analgesics; Sensory System Agents; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotics; Respiratory System Agents; Antitussive Agents; Hydrocodone
• Other Study ID Numbers: HYD3003

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No