Water Exercise and Vascular Function in Elderly

Nitrite Levels and Vascular Function in Elderly Women Submitted to Water Exercise: a Randomised Controlled Trial

Objectives:

The purpose of this research was to assess modifications caused by a concurrent water exercise program on plasma nitrite (NO3), cerebral vascular resistance and cholesterol in the elderly and analyze the correlations between these variables after intervention.

Methods The sample was composed of 40 women mean age 69,21 ±5,27 years old, divided into an intervention (WG) and control group (CG). It was to measure nitrite concentration (NO3) by the Griess reaction; internal cerebral arteries were assessed by Doppler ultrasound to determine the resistivity index and Cholesterol was determined using the colorimetric enzymatic method and test kit. Intervention with water exercise program consisted of three weekly sessions for 16 weeks.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Elderly Women
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Educational lectures; Other: Exercise

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 40
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Brazil
  • PI
    • Teresina, PI, Brazil
      • Universidade Estadual do PiauÍ

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 years to 80 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• older than 60 and lass than 80 years age;
• the elderly should be independent in their ADLs;
• be considered able for medical evaluation to participate in the intervention and testing protocols;
• still not be participating in regular systematized physical activity for at least six months.

Exclusion Criteria:

• subjects with any form of transmittable or uncontrolled disease or insulin-dependent hypertensive;
• unable to perform functional autonomy tests;
• women undergo hormonal replacement therapy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Control	Other: Educational lectures; Educational lectures
EXPERIMENTAL: Treatment	Other: Exercise; The WG was submitted to a 16-week WEP, with combined aerobic and resistance exercises in three weekly sessions. Water temperature was approximately 30º C with an average ambient temperature of 34° C. The pool had water levels ranging between 1,20 and 1,40 meters deep.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Determining modifications caused by this program on plasma nitrite concentration (NO3).	For NO analysis, serum was separated from the erythrocyte mass. The material was centrifuged in a SIGMA 4k15 centrifuge at 3500 rpm and 18° for 10 minutes (LANEX laboratory- UFPI); the serum was then pipetted and frozen at 80° for evaluation after retesting (16 weeks). NO production was determined based on NO3 in the supernatant of cultured cells, an indirect measurement of NO synthesis.	16 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Cerebral artery assessment	Carotid and vertebral arteries were assessed by Doppler ultrasound, with GE Logiq 5 equipment and multi-frequency linear transducer (Milwaukee - UEA). Parameters used were evaluation of peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity of the common carotid and left and right internal carotids, with the angle of insonation corrected to 60°. The resistivity index of arteries was calculated, resulting from the mathematical formula in centimeters per second (cm/s): Resistivity index = Peak systolic velocity - End-diastolic velocity / Peak systolic velocity.	16 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
• Investigators: Study Chair: Arméle Dornelas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Cress ME, Buchner DM, Prohaska T, Rimmer J, Brown M, Macera C, Dipietro L, Chodzko-Zajko W. Best practices for physical activity programs and behavior counseling in older adult populations. J Aging Phys Act. 2005 Jan;13(1):61-74. doi: 10.1123/japa.13.1.61.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2010
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): September 1, 2010
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): September 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 10, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 16, 2012
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): July 17, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): July 17, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 16, 2012
• Last Verified: March 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: yula01