Chronic Venous Insufficiency; Impact of Compression Stockings on Quality of Life

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common disease affecting mainly lower limbs leading to significant impact on the quality of life. There is no study, to our knowledge, has attempted to evaluate the impact of compression stockings on all patients with CVI. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence of CVI in Qassim Region and to test the effectiveness of compression stockings.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chronic Venous Insufficiency
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: compression stocking

Detailed Description

Study design: Two phases Phase 1: Cross Sectional descriptive study Phase 2: Prospective Interventional study

Study site and population:

The study was conducted within multiple Primary Health Care (PHC) centers in Buraidah and Unaizah, the largest two cities in Qassim region, estimated population 800,000. We recruited all consecutive patients visited the primary health care center for various reasons until we have reached 100 participants clinically diagnosed with CVI. Informed consent was obtained from all screened participants.

Exclusion criteria: Pregnant women and those patients who refused or unable to obtain an informed consent.

Phase 1: We conducted a cross sectional study among patients attending PHC Centers of Qassim region. The duration of study was six months, from October 2011 to March 2012. Patients are consecutively interviewed and a dedicated questionnaire designed for this study applied to them. They were assessed using the most recent scale for CVI assessment, which is the clinical severity, etiology or cause, anatomy, pathophysiology (CEAP) scale. The study continued until we have achieved 100 patients with clinical diagnosis of CVI as per CEAP classification.

Phase 2: this phase immediately started after completion of the first phase. We randomize the patients regardless of their CEAP class to receive either compression stocking (SIGVARISTM) or standard medical therapy, fifty patients in each group. The compression-stocking group needs to pick up the stocking from a specific store free of charge located in Buraidah city. The standard therapy includes encouragement of exercise avoid prolonged standing still.

The questionnaire includes questions about basic demographic data, symptoms and signs of CVI, and presence of chronic disease such as diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. Focused physical examination of the lower limb for signs of CVI. CEAP class, score, venous severity score were also calculated for all CVI patients to assess the severity of CVI. All CVI patients were instructed about the estimated prevalence of CVI, risk factors, symptoms, grades and approach to management. About 30 participants from the overall 100 participants are exposed to SF36 quality of life questionnaire.

Follow Up:

Trans telephonic follow up for all the 100 CVI participants in whom the evaluator was blinded about the participant's prior answers and group allocation. Toward the end of the follow up questionnaire, a question of compliance to and practicality of compression stockings was assessed, if applicable. The compliance assessment was done by asking whether the participant picked up the compression stockings from the store, used regularly and the effect of the stockings i.e good or not comfortable or neutral). Last question was whether the participant would recommend compression stockings to others with the same problem.

The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research Committee of Qassim University and Medical education and research center in Qassim region, Ministry of health.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical Package Social Science; SPSS version 17 software (SPSS Inc. Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used for data entry and processing. We used chi-square test, ANOVA and linear regression to assess the impact of compression stockings on the clinical and venous scores of CVI before and after the intervention.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 100
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Saudi Arabia
  • Qassim
    • Buraidah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia, 51452
      • Primary Care Centers

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• participants clinically diagnosed with CVI

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant women and those patients who refused or unable to obtain an informed consent.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: compression stocking; compression stocking (SIGVARISTM), daily for 3 months	Other: compression stocking; study the impact of compression stocking
No Intervention: standard medical therapy; Usual care

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
CEAP stands for clinical, etiologic, anatomical, and pathophysiological findings scale which is usually used for diagnosis and classification CVI	3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Qassim University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Al Shammeri O, AlHamdan N, Al-Hothaly B, Midhet F, Hussain M, Al-Mohaimeed A. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: prevalence and effect of compression stockings. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2014 Jul;8(3):231-6. doi: 10.12816/0023975.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: November 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2012
• Study Completion (Actual): October 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 1, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 28, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): January 30, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): January 31, 2014
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 29, 2014
• Last Verified: January 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Venous Insufficiency
• Other Study ID Numbers: srd-873