Restoration of Standing and Walking With ISMS in Humans (ISMS)

Spinal cord neural circuitry exists in the lumbar enlargement that makes it possible to stand and create synergistic, rhythmic stepping activity in the lower limbs. In the past 20 years, clinicians have tried to reengage such these circuits for standing and walking in the lower spinal cord of paralyzed humans through novel paradigms of physical therapy, pharmacological stimulation of the spinal cord, or recently - epidural stimulation of the spinal cord. Although standing and stepping with these maneuvers are rudimentary at best, these human studies offer promise to restore controlled, lower extremity movement to the spinal cord injured (SCI) individual. Evidence from animal data suggests that more focal activation of intraspinal circuitry (IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation - ISMS) would produce more fatigue resistant, natural standing and stepping activity in humans. To date, there has been no direct confirmation of such circuitry in the spinal cord of bipedal humans who have been paralyzed. Furthermore, mapping of such circuitry would provide the basis of a novel intraspinal neuroprosthetic that should be able to restore control of standing or walking in a manner that is much more physiologically normal and tolerable than by stimulating each individual muscle group. Proof of the existence of these spinal circuits in man, and the ability to activate and control these circuits by first mapping the spinal cord is the basis of this proposal.

Study Overview

• Status: Withdrawn
• Conditions: Paralysis; Spinal Cord Injury
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Movement Assessment; Other: MRI Scan; Procedure: IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation; Other: Follow up clinical exam; Other: Post Op MRI Scan; Other: Follow up gait assessment

Detailed Description

Two study volunteers who are completely paralyzed (T2-8 region) to undergo an evaluation of ISMS during an otherwise normal thoracic spinal surgical procedure.

The potential volunteers will be asked to review and sign a screening consent form prior to initial screening. This is to ensure that the ideal two patients are selected for this study and that foreseeable issues are identified and risks minimized for the volunteers. The subjects must have a stable, complete spinal cord injury involving their upper thoracic spinal cord (T2-8 region), and are otherwise planning to undergo a spine surgery involving the lower thoracic spinal cord.

Subjects who have volunteered for this study will undergo their intended spinal surgery by the clinical team. The usual indications for undergoing such a surgery is either to correct a deformity involving the lower thoracic region, or stabilizing the lower thoracic region due to chronic instability from degenerative disease. The surgery intended for clinical treatment must involve exposure of the T9-T12 spinal lamina. However, exposure of the spinal cord through a dural opening would not normally be performed in this clinical scenario. The experimental portion of the surgery begins then, with a laminectomy of T9-T12 and exposure of the spinal cord through a durotomy using standard neurosurgical techniques for spinal cord exposure. The spinal cord in this region will then be mapped and stimulated using ISMS and the effects on the legs measured to determine if the circuitry exists to potentially allow standing or walking through the use of ISMS. The research requests subjects to specifically allow 2 hours of extra time during the routine spinal surgery to perform this study.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Tennessee
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37232
      • Vanderbilt University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 50 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-50 years old; male or female (no preference).

2. Complete paraplegia (ASIA A classification) as a result of a spinal cord injury between the levels of T2-8.

   i. No motor or sensory function below the level of injury as determined by a physician.

   ii. No voluntary bladder function - defined as the inability to sense bladder fullness or voluntary contraction of the bladder (meets criteria for no sacral sparing).

   iii. Stable paraplegia.

3. Patients with involuntary spasms are allowed. However, spasticity must be less than Ashworth 4 or spasm rating of 3 or less.
4. History of spinal cord injury greater than 1 year.
5. Intent to undergo spine surgery involving exposure of at least T9-T12 vertebral lamina.
6. MRI studies performed within the past year showing presence of spinal cord between T8-L1 with reasonable normal anatomical shape. No chronic infections.
7. Ability to travel to Vanderbilt Medical Center.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Acute medical conditions that are under active treatment. Examples include active urinary tract infection, respiratory illness, decubital ulcers, fractures, upper extremity injury, back pain.
2. Pregnancy.
3. Presence of a neurostimulator, bladder stimulator, cardiac stimulator or other electrical stimulator device implant.
4. Inability to transfer from wheel chair to chair or bed.
5. Inability to tolerate 1 hour of physical activity such as gait training in a harness.
6. Severe depression requiring active medical treatment or counseling.
7. Cognitive impairment that places the study volunteer under the 6th grade reading level.
8. Inability to provide consent.
9. Intradural or extradural masses compressing or displacing the spinal cord between T8-L1 region.
10. Significant change in motor or sensory function over the previous year.
11. History of spinal cord injury less than 1 year.
12. Previous laminectomy and intradural spinal cord procedure involving the region of T9-T12.
13. Patients with involuntary spasms with rigidity more than Ashworth 4 or spasm rating of 3 or more.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Allocation: NA
• Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation; IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation will be performed using a maximum of 16 electrodes inserted along each side of spinal cord that correlate with movements created across all 3 joints (hips, knees, and ankles)

Other: Movement Assessment; Documentation of ASIA A (T2-8) status at Belmont Gait Lab; Other: MRI Scan; Total MRI of spine to evaluate condition of spinal cord; Procedure: IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation; IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation will be performed using a maximum of 16 electrodes inserted along each side of spinal cord that correlate with movements created across all 3 joints (hips, knees, and ankles); Other: Follow up clinical exam; All subjects will be expected to return for a follow-up visit with Drs. Konrad at 1, 3 and 6 month follow up visits.; Other: Post Op MRI Scan; An MRI will be obtained at 3 months following the procedure to document the impact of the mapping procedure on spinal cord anatomy.; Other: Follow up gait assessment; Follow-up assessment with the Belmont Gait Lab will be performed at the 6 month follow up visit

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
IntraSpinal Micro-Stimulation	Movement of either or both lower extremities while the subject is anesthetized during routine spinal surgery will be performed.	3 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
ISMS data collection:	Kinesiology measurement data collected from Dr. Robinson's Gait lab preoperatively will be compared with intraoperative movement data.	3 years

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
ISMS data review	Human data collected in this study will be compared with pre-clinical animal data from U Alberta, Canada by Dr. Mushahwar's team.	3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Vanderbilt University
• Collaborators: University of Alberta; Belmont University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Peter Konrad, MD PhD, Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Mushahwar VK, Jacobs PL, Normann RA, Triolo RJ, Kleitman N. New functional electrical stimulation approaches to standing and walking. J Neural Eng. 2007 Sep;4(3):S181-97. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/4/3/S05. Epub 2007 Aug 22.
• Bamford JA, Mushahwar VK. Intraspinal microstimulation for the recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Prog Brain Res. 2011;194:227-39. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53815-4.00004-2.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Anticipated): January 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): October 1, 2019
• Study Completion (Anticipated): October 1, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 26, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 8, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): September 14, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 24, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 7, 2022
• Last Verified: February 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Device; Paralysis; Thoracic spinal cord injury; ASIA A
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Wounds and Injuries; Trauma, Nervous System; Spinal Cord Diseases; Paralysis; Spinal Cord Injuries
• Other Study ID Numbers: 140503

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Data will be shared with the DSMB when screening and recruiting subjects and when a subject exits the study
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Within 1 year of closure of study
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Written report of protocol shared with sponsoring agency - US Army.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL

Study Data/Documents

1. Study Protocol
   Information identifier: 140503