Neurophysiological Effects of Whole Coffee Cherry Extract in Older Adults

Neurophysiological Effects of Whole Coffee Cherry Extract in Older Adults: An fMRI Investigation

This study was designed to characterize the changes in the brain and body associated with whole coffee cherry extract (WCCE). WCCE is a patented extract of whole coffee fruit (coffee berries) from coffea arabica. Whole coffee cherries are a source of naturally occurring nutrients. There are no known side effects or allergens associated with WCCE other than that which would be associated with a consuming typical cup of coffee.

Previous studies suggest that increases in serum concentrations of both serum total and exosomal brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) may represent one of the mechanisms responsible for improved cognitive function after acute WCCE administration. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more serious decline of dementia. It can involve problems with memory, language, thinking and judgment that are greater than normal age-related changes. Furthermore, MCI is associated with reduced circulating BDNF. Due to earlier studies reporting the ability of WCCE to stimulate increases in circulating and exosomal BDNF, it has been postulated that WCCE may also acutely improve cognitive function (as measured using behavioral tasks and fMRI). The purpose of this study is to extend and elucidate the findings of previous investigations by examining the acute neurophysiological effects of WCCE using blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) employing a double-blind, randomized crossover design to investigate the acute effects of a single dose of WCCE or placebo (silica oxide) on neuronal activity in older participants.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Memory Deficits
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Whole coffee cherry extract (WCCE); Drug: Placebo Oral Capsule [CEBOCAP]

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 8
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 53 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Complaints of memory, verified by an informant
• 55 years of age or older

Exclusion Criteria:

• MRI contraindications
• Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease or suspected diagnosis at the time of visit by study personnel
• Significant cerebrovascular disease
• History of cardiovascular disease
• Current or recently prescribed medication known to interfere with peripheral and/or cerebral blood flow or vascular function

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo	Drug: Placebo Oral Capsule [CEBOCAP]; Silica Oxide
Experimental: WCCE	Drug: Whole coffee cherry extract (WCCE); 100mg WCCE

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Behavioral Measures - Change in Go/No-Go Accuracy	Accuracy will be determined as the number of trials correct, and errors will be classified as errors of omission or commission.	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)
Behavioral Measures - Change in N-back Accuracy	Accuracy will be determined as the number of trials correct.	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)
Change in Concentration of Neurometabolites	Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measurements pre/post ingestion. The following are measured: glutamate, glutamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, N-acetylaspartate, choline, creatine, glutathione, myo-inositol, aspartate, taurine, and lactate. LCModel software performed automatic quantification of in vivo proton MR spectra by analyzing spectra as a linear combination of model spectra from sequence-specific simulations. Water-suppressed spectra were eddy current corrected and quantified using the unsuppressed water signal. Cramer-Rao lower bounds were used as a measure of fit with CRLB > 50% rejected from further analysis. Metabolite concentrations were CSF-corrected, and quantified (in ppm).	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) Changes	Functional magnetic resonance imaging blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal changes across tasks, and during resting state	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)
Behavioral Measures - Change in Go/No-Go Reaction Time	Response/reaction time for each stimuli will be recorded in ms using E-Prime. Reaction times will be calculated for correct and incorrect trials separately.	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)
Behavioral Measures - Change in N-back Reaction Time	Response/reaction time for each stimuli will be recorded in ms using E-Prime. Reaction times will be calculated for correct and incorrect trials separately.	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)
Change in Blood Levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)	Serum and exosomal BDNF concentrations	Collected pre-drug, post-drug, pre-placebo, and post-placebo; through study completion (4 time points over a 72 hour period)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Auburn University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Jennifer L Robinson, Ph.D., Auburn University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 30, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): November 30, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 14, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 19, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): January 23, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 23, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 19, 2019
• Last Verified: January 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Memory Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: 16-391 MR 1610

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No