Vegetables Intake and Polymorphism TAS2R38 Gene by Healthy Adults

Can Including Genotype Information Increase the Effectiveness of Dietary Interventions? Vegetables Intake and Polymorphism TAS2R38 Gene by Healthy Adults

Personalized nutrition is one of the most up to date trends in human nutrition and gains much interest of general public and scientists as well. Although we have gained some knowledge on gene-trait associations, the real effectiveness and usefulness of genotype-based nutritional recommendations is unknown. Many personalized nutrition companies are on the market today, some of them use personalized nutrition based on genotype analysis. For this reason, scientific basis of this approach should be clarified.

Our project can thus increase knowledge which can be applied in dietary counseling practice. Although we focus on increase vegetable and fruits intake, the study is designed as a proof of concept.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Diet Habit; Taste Disorders; Healthy Lifestyle
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Intervention genotype personalized nutritional recommendations; Behavioral: Control Group 1 personalized nutritional recommendations; Behavioral: Control Group 2 general nutritional recommendations

Detailed Description

In humans, the TAS2R38 receptor gene is responsible for differences in the perception of bitter taste. This gene codes for a G protein that is associated with a flavor receptor regulated by phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and propylthiouracil (PROP) ligands, which by binding to the receptor determines the degree of bitter taste. Cruciferous vegetables contain glucosinolates and isothiocyanates, which resemble PTC and PROP and thereby affect their perception of bitter taste through the TAS2R38 regulated receptor.

The polymorphism of this gene allows to distinguish three phenotypes:

• insensitive to bitter taste [bitter-non tasters]
• moderately sensitive to bitter taste [intermediate-bitter tasters]
• sensitive to bitter taste [bitter taster] Previous studies have shown that people who are carriers of one PAV haplotype experience a bitter taste more than AVI / AVI homozygotes, which are less sensitive to bitter taste. Hence, the TAS2R38 gene polymorphism is associated with nutritional decisions, including choice of vegetables and coffee.

Aim of the study is to verify effectiveness of the genotype based dietary intervention in people with or without polymorphism of TAS2R38 gene.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 174
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Poland
  • Poznań, Poland
    • Poznan University of Life Sciences

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years to 58 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• healthy

Exclusion Criteria:

• injuries, chronic diseases (e.g. diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer, hyperthyroidism), recent diet, pregnancy, breastfeeding, limited communication to the extent that no nutritional history can be carried out, eating disorders (according to nutritional history)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: intervention group; Participants with PAV haplotype will receive personalised dietary recommendations regarding consumption of fruit and vegetables. The information about genotype will be given at the beginning of study.	Behavioral: Intervention genotype personalized nutritional recommendations; Participants will receive personalized nutritional recommendations to increase fruit and vegetables consumption. Information about genotype will be given at the beginning of study; Other Names: with PAV haplotype
Sham Comparator: control group 1; Participants with PAV haplotype will receive personalised dietary recommendations regarding consumption of fruit and vegetables, but the information about genotype will be given at the end of study.	Behavioral: Control Group 1 personalized nutritional recommendations; Participants will receive genotype personalized nutritional recommendations to increase fruit and vegetables consumption. Information about genotype will be given at the end of study; Other Names: with PAV haplotype
Active Comparator: Control group 2; Participants with AVI haplotype will receive general recommendations regarding consumption of fruit and vegetables.	Behavioral: Control Group 2 general nutritional recommendations; Participants will receive general nutritional recommendations to increase fruit and vegetables consumption; Other Names: with AVI haplotype

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Vegetables intake	Change in frequency of vegatables intake within the group and between the groups; Block vegetables intake screener	Baseline, 20 weeks
TAS2R38 polymorphism	genotyping of polymorphism TAS2R38 gene (rsr713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939)	baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Body Mass (BM)	change in body mass (kg) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Fat free mass (FFM)	change in FFM (kg) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Fat Mass (FM) %	change in Fat Mass % within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Waist circumference (WC)	Change in WC (cm) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Total Cholesterol (TChol)	Changes in TChol (mg/dl) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
LDL Cholesterol(LDL-Chol)	Changes in LDL-Chol (mg/dl) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
HDL Cholesterol (HDL-Chol)	Changes in HDL-Chol (mg/dl) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Triglycerides (TG)	Changes in TG (mg/dl) within groups and between groups	Baseline, 20 week
Glucose (GLU)	Changes in GLU (mg/dl) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Insulin (INS)	Changes in INS (ulU/ml) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
Alanine transaminase (ALAT)	Changes in ALAT (U/l) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks
aspartate aminotransferase (ASPAT)	Changes in ASPAT (U/l) within the group and between the groups	Baseline, 20 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Poznan University of Life Sciences
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Ewa Bulczak, Msc, Poznan University of Life Science

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 17, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): February 17, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 3, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 29, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): October 30, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 8, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 7, 2022
• Last Verified: July 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: vegetables; personalized nutrition; genotype; fruit and vegetables; taste; TAS2R38 Polymorphism; bitter; PAV; AVI; intake
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Sensation Disorders; Taste Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: UKB 872/19

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No