Postprandial Glucose, Insulin Responses and Appetite Hormones to Dried Mushrooms

Obesity, characterized by an increase in body weight that results in excessive fat accumulation, is a global health problem. Recently, it has also been shown that obesity is associated with low-grade chronic systemic inflammation in adipose tissue. This condition is mediated by activation of the innate immune system in adipose tissue that promotes inflammation and oxidative stress and triggers a systemic acute-phase response.

Previous research points towards the potential of phytochemicals in food as part of nutritional strategies for the prevention of obesity and associated inflammation, as well as, increase in insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients.

The last decade, mushrooms have attracted the research interest as functional foods rich in beta-glucan with desirable health benefits in several metabolic disorders without the side effects of pharmacological treatment. Edible mushrooms are highly nutritious and exhibit beneficial effects on several inflammatory diseases such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes,, high blood pressure.

However, the postprandial effect of mushrooms in human biological samples is still undetermined. To this end, the current study aims to investigate if there is any effect at postprandial glucose, insulin responses and appetite hormones. Fifteen apparently men and women with Metabolic Syndrome, aged 18-65 years old, will be enrolled based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria.

After enrollment, the volunteers will undergo a medical and dietary assessment and their health status will be evaluated through a complete blood count. On the day of the experiment and after overnight fasting, the volunteers will consume one of two breakfast meal, including 114g bread, 40g cheese and 15g dry mushrooms (meal 1) or 114g bread, 40g cheese and 200g tomatoes (meal 2). Blood samples will be obtained on timepoints 0h, 30min, 1h, 1,5h, 2h, 2,5h and 3h after breakfast intake. Two weeks later, the same volunteers will consume the other breakfast meal.

After collection, the glucose and insulin values will be identified in plasma samples. Additionally, some appetite hormones will be measureD in serum samples.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Breakfast meals

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 19
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Greece
  • Athens, Greece, 17671
    • Andriana Kaliora

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 54 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

18 years < Age < 75 years BMI > 25 kg/ m2 Metabolic Syndrome

Exclusion Criteria:

Hepatotoxic Medication Diabetes Mellitus Dysthyroidism, hypopituitarism, Cushing syndrome / disease Pregnancy, lactation Psychiatric or mental disorder Any use of antioxidant-phytochemical rich supplement, vitamin D supplement, nti-, pre- or pro-biotics within 3 months pre-intervention

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Other: Breakfast meal_1; 100 g white bread, 40 g yellow cheese and Κing Oyster mushrooms (test meal)	Other: Breakfast meals; Fifteen volunteers will undergo a medical and dietary assessment and their health status will be evaluated through a complete blood count. Then, they will come after overnight fasting and will consume one of two breakfast meals, including 114g bread, 40g cheese and 15g dry mushrooms (meal 1) or 114g bread, 40g cheese and 200g tomatoes (meal 2). Blood samples will be obtained on timepoints 0h, 30min, 1h, 1,5h, 2h, 2,5h and 3h after breakfast intake. Two weeks later, the same volunteers will consume the other breakfast meal.
Other: Breakfast meal_2; 100 g white bread, 40 g yellow cheese and 6-7 cherry tomatoes (control meal)	Other: Breakfast meals; Fifteen volunteers will undergo a medical and dietary assessment and their health status will be evaluated through a complete blood count. Then, they will come after overnight fasting and will consume one of two breakfast meals, including 114g bread, 40g cheese and 15g dry mushrooms (meal 1) or 114g bread, 40g cheese and 200g tomatoes (meal 2). Blood samples will be obtained on timepoints 0h, 30min, 1h, 1,5h, 2h, 2,5h and 3h after breakfast intake. Two weeks later, the same volunteers will consume the other breakfast meal.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Difference of Glucose levels	Difference of Glucose levels after consuming the two meals	1 month
Difference of Insulin levels	Difference of insulin levels after consuming the two meals	1 month
Difference of appetite hormones levels	Difference of appetite hormones levels after consuming the two meals	1 month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Harokopio University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• El Khoury D, Cuda C, Luhovyy BL, Anderson GH. Beta glucan: health benefits in obesity and metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:851362. doi: 10.1155/2012/851362. Epub 2011 Dec 11.
• Marseglia L, Manti S, D'Angelo G, Nicotera A, Parisi E, Di Rosa G, Gitto E, Arrigo T. Oxidative stress in obesity: a critical component in human diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Dec 26;16(1):378-400. doi: 10.3390/ijms16010378.
• Cardwell G, Bornman JF, James AP, Black LJ. A Review of Mushrooms as a Potential Source of Dietary Vitamin D. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 13;10(10):1498. doi: 10.3390/nu10101498.
• Abdali D, Samson SE, Grover AK. How effective are antioxidant supplements in obesity and diabetes? Med Princ Pract. 2015;24(3):201-15. doi: 10.1159/000375305. Epub 2015 Mar 14.
• Ganesan K, Xu B. Anti-Obesity Effects of Medicinal and Edible Mushrooms. Molecules. 2018 Nov 5;23(11):2880. doi: 10.3390/molecules23112880.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 31, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): July 31, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 20, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 22, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): June 23, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 27, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 20, 2021
• Last Verified: September 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Insulin Resistance; Hyperinsulinism; Metabolic Syndrome
• Other Study ID Numbers: Nutritious_Mushrooms_Postprand

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No