Effectiveness of Treadmill Walk on Chronic Low Back Pain

Effectiveness of Treadmill Walk on Clinical and Functional Variables of Chronic Low Back Pain Patients

Chronic low back pain is a common health problem with a multifactorial impact on core muscle function as well as causing pain, functional disability and decrease in quality of life, this occur due to the reduction in the physical activity level of the individual causing atrophy and inhibition of the core muscle affecting the stability of the spine

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Chronic Low Back Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Warm-up; Behavioral: Main exercise; Behavioral: Cool down; Behavioral: Standard of care

Detailed Description

There are several approaches and methods of treating chronic low back pain (CLBP) ranging from education, exercise, electrotherapy and Manual therapy; to alternative treatment such as acupuncture, yoga and Chiropractic. Among the above mention treatment exercise, manual therapy and education are the most frequently utilize for the management of CLBP. The general recommendation for individual with CLBP is to remain active as possible and this can be achieve through exercise.

Evidence shows that active treatment in form of strengthening exercise of the abdominal and back muscles, core stabilization exercise, coordination exercise and aerobic exercise leads to significant reduction in pain and functional disability in patients with CLBP. A number of researches have been focusing on core stability exercise, which is an effective way of recruiting the core muscle (including the abdominal, back, pelvic and hip muscles) that leads to the optimal force production, control of lumbopelvic-hip movement and load transfer from the spine to the pelvis and the lower extremities. The core stabilization exercise has been establish to activate and strength the deep core muscles, but researches are now focusing on the exercise that can be able to activate the core muscles as well as increase the overall health status of the individual

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 40
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Farida G Sumaila, Ph.D; Phone Number: +2348036164228; Email: Fareeda2006@gmail.com

Study Locations

• Nigeria
  • Sokoto, Nigeria, 840102
    • Recruiting
    • Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto
    • Contact: Bunmi J Nhinlola, Msc; Phone Number: +2348035976946; Email: Bunmifunmi@gmail.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• male and females between the age of 18 to 65years
• participants attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University teaching Hospital, Sokoto State Specialist Hospital and Orthopedic Hospital
• participants with chronic non-specific low back pain

Exclusion Criteria:

• participants with current low back pain for less than 12 weeks
• participants with cognitive and visual impairment
• participants with other co-morbidities ( systemic disease, carcinomas, organ disease)
• Participants with other neurological findings such as loss of sensation, radiculopathy, parenthesis
• Body mass index of more than 30 Kilogram per meter square
• participants who are pregnant
• participants who had spinal surgery

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Experimental Group; Treadmill walk: i- warm up ( 5 minutes ) II- Main exercise (30 minutes) III- cool down (5 minutes) IV- Standard of care (10minutes)	Behavioral: Warm-up; Participants will walk on treadmill at a speed of 1.7 mile per hour (MPH) and 0 inclination each session for 6weeks 3 times in a week; Behavioral: Main exercise; Participants will walk on a treadmill with a starting speed of 1.7 mile per hour with inclination of 1 to 4% starting with 1% and increased by 1% each week until 4 weeks and at week 5 and 6 speed will be increased to 5mile per hour starting from 1.7mile per hour and increased by 0.5 mile per hour each 1minute while inclination will be increased to 5% in week 5 and 6% in week 6. Main exercise will be perform 3 times in a week for 6 weeks; Behavioral: Cool down; Participants will walk on treadmill at the speed of 1.7 mile per hour 0 inclination each session for 6 weeks 3 times in a week; Behavioral: Standard of care; Participants will perform Abdominal hollowing, isometric back extension exercise, bridging exercise, graded active flexion, graded active extension by holding for 5seconds and repeated 10times
Active Comparator: Control group; Standard of care (10 minutes)	Behavioral: Standard of care; Participants will perform Abdominal hollowing, isometric back extension exercise, bridging exercise, graded active flexion, graded active extension by holding for 5seconds and repeated 10times

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Numeric pain rating scale	A scale of 0 to 10 with 0 indicating no pain and 10 worst pain will be administered to the participants to choose a number indicating their level of pain this will be recorded at base line and 6 weeks after intervention	5minutes
Electromyograph	Muscle activity of both lumbar multifidus muscle and rectus abdominous muscle will be assess using neurotrac myoplus pro machine and surface electrode. The assessment will be done both at baseline and at 6weeks after intervention	10minutes
Biering-sorensen test	Participant in prone position stabilize at both ankle and hip with the upper trunk out of the plinth will be instructed to extend the trunk and hold position, the more the time the participant is able to hold the position the more the core muscle endurance	3 minutes
Abdominal dynamic test	Participants in supine lying position with the knees flexed to 90 degrees and upper limbs across the chest will be instructed to raised the trunk and neck and hold the position this will be timed using stopwatch. The more the time the participant is able to hold the position the more the core muscle endurance	3 minutes
Flexion rotation test	Participants in supine position the knees flex the participants will be instructed to touch alternate knees for 90 seconds and number of repetition will be recorded. The higher the number of repetition the more the core muscle endurance	3 minutes
Pressure biofeedback stabilizer	Pressure biofeedback stabilizer will be use to assess the strength of rectus abdominous and Lumbar multifidus muscle strength, the pressure biofeedback stabilizer is a simple device that sense changes in pressure with movement, the pressure cell measures from 0-200millimeter of mercury (mmHg), with a precision of 2 millimeter of mercury with 0 being the lowest score and 200 the highest score. To measure any of the core muscle strength the pressure biofeedback stabilizer will be inflated to 70 millimeter of mercury and will be placed underneath the muscle of the participant and instruction will be giving to the participant to contract the muscle by pressing the inflator down, the reading on the sphygmomanometer will then be recorded.	4 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Oswestry disability index	This questionnaire will be administered to the participant both English and hausa version will be use pending on the preference of the participant will be ask to fill so as to know their level of functional disability at baseline and 6 weeks after administration. The questionnaire is scored from 0 indicating no disability and 100 maximum disability	10 minutes
Short form health survey questionnaire	Short form health survey questionnaire will be administered to the participants the English or Hausa version pending on the participant preference and their quality of life will be assessed both at baseline and 6weeks intervention. The questionnaire will be scored from 0 to 100, with 0 indicating poor quality of life and 100 highest score in terms of quality of life	10 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Rahanatu A Abba, Msc, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 16, 2021
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): October 7, 2022
• Study Completion (Anticipated): January 5, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 20, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 20, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): November 1, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 20, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 19, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Treadmill walk
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Back Pain; Low Back Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: SPS/18/MPT/00018

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No