Comparison of Two Techniques for Maintaining Range of Motion

Comparison of Static Stretching on Whole Body Vibration and Strength Training for Improving and Maintaining Hamstring Range of Motion

Flexibility is a measurable physical capacity considered a key component of physical fitness. Poor flexibility is usually attributed to excessive tension exerted by the antagonist muscles of the movement and supported by weak scientific evidence, static stretching is considered as the most effective intervention in the promotion of muscle extensibility, in attempting to improve mobility.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: strength training; Other: stretching on whole body vibration

Detailed Description

Flexibility is a measurable physical capacity considered as a key component of physical fitness thereby contributing to the health and performance of joints and the musculoskeletal system. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that muscle weakness is a major factor behind reduced mobility. Consequently, training muscle contractility is likely to improve mobility . Regardless of terminology and of the quality of supporting evidence, stretching emerges as an intervention that elongates the tissues in attempting to improve mobility . Shortening lengthens the tissue on two out of three axes, while stretching only lengthens the tissue on one axis out of three . All training, including movement, is, by definition, training of shortening and stretching cycles (SSCs). Ergo, resistance training is also, inherently, one way to elongate . Strength training is an active, voluntary, dynamic form of stretching. Indeed, strength training is dynamic stretching. Often, strength training is performed against external resistances, but this is not mandatory. Moreover, strength training has been shown to improve mobility in sedentary adults , .

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 22
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Sindh
    • Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, 75500
      • Seyyada Tahniat Ali

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 25 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Both male and female
• Age between 18-25
• Recreationally active individuals (all kind of sports, gym, and outdoor leisure activities)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals with any physiological or pathological problem
• Older age individuals
• Individuals that had hamstring injury in past 6 months
• Individuals that had quadriceps injury in past 6 months
• Individuals that had any lower limb injury in past 6 months
• Individuals involved in any other studies.
• Individuals involved in other WBV related study.
• Sedentary lifestyle individuals

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: strength training group; the group will receive strength training	Other: strength training; In second group, strength training will be done for 4 days per week for 4 days. Subjects will have 5 minutes warm up. In 1st week, the protocol will be Nordic hamstring curl (NHC) with bend (3 sets of 8 reps), Prone hamstrings curl (4 sets of 12 reps/leg), Physio-ball leg curl (3 sets of 8 reps), Glute bridge (2 sets of 50 s/leg). In 2nd to 4th week, the protocol will be NHC with bend (3 sets of 12 reps) Prone hamstrings curl (3 sets of 14 reps/leg) Physio-ball leg curl (3 sets of 10 reps) Glute bridge (2 sets of 50 s/leg). There will be 30 seconds rest between each set and 1 minute rest between each exercise . Pre and post AROM and PROM will be measured. Active hamstring ROM will be measured via active knee extension using a goniometer with the leg in 90° of hip flexion, with the opposite leg extended. Passive ROM will be measured via clinician-assisted knee extension with the leg in 90° of hip flexion.
Experimental: whole body vibration stretching group; the group will receive stretching on whole-body vibration	Other: stretching on whole body vibration; SSubjects will be refrained from maximum-effort or new routines for exercise the day before each treatment.Static stretching of hamstring on whole body vibration will include Pre- and post-test active and passive ROM for the both legs, with subjects first undergoing a 5-minute warm-up on a stationary bicycle. The traditional static stretch consisted of a supine active knee extension on whole body vibration (WBV) at 30 Hz at the "high" amplitude setting will be performed. The stretch will be held at the point of the onset of discomfort 3 times each for 30 seconds, with a 20-second rest period between each stretch. Participants will stretch for 4 days per week for 4 weeks. Active hamstring ROM will be measured via active knee extension using a goniometer with the leg in 90° of hip flexion, with the opposite leg extended. Passive ROM will be measured via clinician-assist ted knee extension with the leg in 90° of hip flexion.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
change in hamstring range of motion	pre and post-change in hamstring range of motion will be assessed using a universal goniometer	measurements will be recoded at baseline and end of 4th week
maintenance of change in hamstring range of motion	hamstring range of motion will be reassessed after 15 days using a universal goniometer	measurements will be recorded after 15 days of protocol termination

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Bahria University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Seyyada T Ali, Bahria University Medical and Dental College

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Thompson PD, Arena R, Riebe D, Pescatello LS; American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's new preparticipation health screening recommendations from ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, ninth edition. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2013 Jul-Aug;12(4):215-7. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31829a68cf. No abstract available.
• Haff, G. (2006). Roundtable Discussion: Flexibility Training. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 28(2).
• Kay AD, Blazevich AJ. Effect of acute static stretch on maximal muscle performance: a systematic review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Jan;44(1):154-64. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318225cb27.
• Wan X, Li S, Best TM, Liu H, Li H, Yu B. Effects of flexibility and strength training on peak hamstring musculotendinous strains during sprinting. J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Mar;10(2):222-229. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.08.001. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
• Bourne AE. Stretching with whole body vibration versus traditional static stretches to increase acute hamstring range of motion.
• Kokkonen J, Nelson AG, Tarawhiti T, Buckingham P, Winchester JB. Early-phase resistance training strength gains in novice lifters are enhanced by doing static stretching. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Feb;24(2):502-6. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c06ca0.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 20, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 20, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): March 30, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 4, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 9, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): December 10, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 13, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 11, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Stretching; flexibility techniques; muscle extensibility
• Other Study ID Numbers: FRC-BUMDC 21/ 2021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No