- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05289037
COVID-19 Variant Immunologic Landscape Trial (COVAIL Trial)
Phase 2 Clinical Trial to Optimize Immune Coverage of SARS-CoV-2 Existing and Emerging Variants
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
- Biological: mRNA-1273
- Other: Sodium Chloride, 0.9%
- Biological: mRNA-1273.351
- Biological: mRNA-1273.529
- Biological: mRNA-1273.617.2
- Biological: BNT162b2
- Biological: BNT162b2 (B.1.1.529)
- Biological: BNT162b2 (B.1.351)
- Drug: AS03
- Biological: CoV2 preS dTM/D614
- Biological: CoV2 preS dTM [B.1.351]
- Biological: CoV2 preS dTM/D614+B.1.351
- Biological: BNT162b2 bivalent (wildtype and Omicron BA.1)
- Biological: BNT162b2 bivalent (wildtype and Omicron BA.4/BA.5)
Detailed Description
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Phase 2
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
Alabama
-
Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35294
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine - Alabama Vaccine Research Clinic
-
-
California
-
San Diego, California, United States, 92103-8208
- University of California, San Diego (UCSD) - Antiviral Research Center (AVRC)
-
San Francisco, California, United States, 94110
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, UCSF Positive Health Program
-
-
District of Columbia
-
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States, 20037-3201
- George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates
-
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States, 20060
- Howard University - Department of Medicine - Division of Infectious Disease
-
-
Georgia
-
Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30310
- Morehouse School of Medicine - Clinical Research Center
-
Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30322-1013
- Emory University School of Medicine
-
Decatur, Georgia, United States, 30030-1705
- The Hope Clinic of Emory University
-
-
Illinois
-
Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine - Division of Infectious Diseases
-
-
Iowa
-
Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
- University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics - Department of Internal Medicine
-
-
Louisiana
-
New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, 70112
- Tulane University Clinical Translational Unit
-
-
Massachusetts
-
Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115-6110
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
-
-
Missouri
-
St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63104-1015
- Saint Louis University Center for Vaccine Development
-
St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis - Infectious Disease Clinical Research Unit
-
-
New York
-
Mineola, New York, United States, 11501
- NYU Grossman School, NYU Langone Vaccine Center, Long Island
-
New York, New York, United States, 10016
- NYU Langone Vaccine Center Research Clinic, Manhattan
-
Rochester, New York, United States, 14611-3201
- University of Rochester Medical Center - Vaccine Research Unit
-
-
North Carolina
-
Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27703
- Duke Vaccine and Trials Unit
-
-
Texas
-
Houston, Texas, United States, 77030-3411
- Baylor College of Medicine
-
League City, Texas, United States, 77573
- University of Texas Medical Branch
-
-
Washington
-
Seattle, Washington, United States, 98101
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute
-
Seattle, Washington, United States, 98104
- The University of Washington - Virology Research Clinic
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
Participants must meet all of the following criteria to be eligible to participate in this study:
- Individuals > / = 18 years of age at the time of consent. (18-49 years for stage 4).
- Confirmed receipt of a complete primary and booster COVID-19 vaccine series, either homologous or heterologous, with an FDA authorized/approved vaccine at least 16 weeks prior to study vaccine dose 1.
- Willing and able to comply with all scheduled visits, vaccination plan, laboratory tests and other study procedures.
- Determined by medical history, targeted physical examination and clinical judgement of the investigator to be in stable state of health.
Note: Participants with pre-existing stable chronic medical conditions defined as condition not requiring significant change in therapy or hospitalization for worsening disease within 4 weeks from enrollment, can be included at the discretion of the investigator.
Exclusion Criteria:
Participants meeting any of the following criteria will be excluded from the study:
- Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection < 16 weeks prior to any study vaccine dose.
- Pregnant and breastfeeding participants.
Prior administration of an investigational coronavirus vaccine at any time or SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin, monoclonal antibody or plasma antibody therapy in the preceding 3 months.
Note: subjects that participated in clinical trials of products that are now FDA approved/authorized are allowed to participate.
- Current/planned simultaneous participation in another interventional study or receipt of any investigational study product within 28 days prior to vaccine study dose(s).
- A history of anaphylaxis, urticaria, or other significant adverse reaction requiring medical intervention after receipt of a vaccine, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polysorbate or nanolipid particles.
- A history of myocarditis or pericarditis at any time prior to enrollment (for subjects in stages 1, 2 and 4).
Received or plans to receive a vaccine within 28 days prior to or after any dose of study vaccine.
Note: Receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine is allowed at any time.
- Bleeding disorder diagnosed by a healthcare provider (e.g., factor deficiency, coagulopathy, or platelet disorder requiring special precautions) or bleeding difficulties with intramuscular injections or blood draws.
- Current or previous diagnosis of an immunocompromising condition or other immunosuppressive condition.
- Advanced liver or kidney diseases.
- Advanced (CD4 count < 200) and/or untreated HIV, untreated Hepatitis B or untreated Hepatitis C.
Received oral, intramuscular or intravenous systemic immunosuppressants, or immune-modifying drugs for >14 days in total within 6 months prior to any study vaccine dose (for corticosteroids = 20 mg > / = day of prednisone equivalent).
Note: Topical medications are allowed.
- Received immunoglobulin or blood-derived products, within 3 months prior any study vaccine dose.
- Received chemotherapy, immunotherapy or radiation therapy within 6 months prior to any study vaccine dose.
- Study personnel or an immediate family member or household member of study personnel.
Is acutely ill or febrile 72 hours prior to or at vaccine dosing (fever defined as > / = 38.0 degrees Celsius/100.4 degrees Fahrenheit). Participants meeting this criterion may be rescheduled within the relevant window periods.
Note: Afebrile participants with minor illnesses can be enrolled at the discretion of the Investigator, as long as the illness is not suggestive of COVID-19.
- Plan to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine outside of the study within the next 180 days. (for subjects in Stage 4 only)
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Arm 01
mRNA-1273 administered through 0.2 mg/ml intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=100
|
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized spike (S) protein of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection
|
|
Experimental: Arm 02
0.1 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.351
and 0.2 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.529
mg/ml administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=100
|
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the pre fusion stabilized spike (S) protein of the B.1.351
variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 03
0.1 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.351
and 0.2 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.529
mg/ml administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 and Day 57 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=100
|
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the pre fusion stabilized spike (S) protein of the B.1.351
variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 04
0.2 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.617.2 and 0.2 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.529
administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=100
|
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 05
0.2 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.529
administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=100
|
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 06
0.2 mg/ml of mRNA-1273.529
and mRNA-1273 0.2 mg/ml administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=100
|
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized spike (S) protein of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) dispersion containing an mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 07
500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Wildtype) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
A nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) encoding the viral spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 08
500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Beta) and 500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Omicron) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.351
(Beta) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 09
500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Omicron) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 and Day 57 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 10
500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Beta) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.351
(Beta) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 11
500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Beta) and 500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Wildtype) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
A nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) encoding the viral spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2.
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.351
(Beta) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 12
500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Omicron) and 500 mcg/mL of BNT162b2 (Wildtype) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
A nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) encoding the viral spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2.
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the B.1.1.529
(Omicron) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 13
500 mcg/mL CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 [D614] (prototype) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
AS03 oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant.
Is a liquid formulation made of recombinant protein placed in a formulation buffer.
The antigen solution contains the spike protein sequence of the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 14
500 mcg/mL CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 [B.1.351]
(Beta) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
AS03 oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant.
Is a liquid formulation made of recombinant protein placed in a formulation buffer that contains the spike protein sequence of the B.1.351
(Beta) variant SARS-CoV-2 strain.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 15
500 mcg/mL CoV2 preS dTM-AS03 [D614 + B.1.351]
(prototype + Beta) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 64; > / = 65 years (~45% in > / = 65 years) N=50
|
AS03 oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant.
Is a liquid formulation made of recombinant protein placed in a formulation buffer contains the spike protein sequences of the ancestral and B.1.351
(Beta) variant SARS-CoV-2 strains
|
|
Experimental: Arm 16
100 mcg/mL BNT162b2 bivalent (wildtype and Omicron BA.1) + Wildtype (Prototype) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 49 years; ( 45% in > / = 49 years) N=100
|
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer.
Contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the Omicron BA.1 variant SARS-CoV-2 strain and the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2.
|
|
Experimental: Arm 17
100 mcg/mL BNT162b2 bivalent (wildtype and Omicron BA.4/BA.5)
+ Wildtype (Prototype) administered through intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle on Day 1 in participants from 18 to 49 years; ( 45% in > / = 49 years) N=100
|
A preservative-free, sterile dispersion of RNA formulated in LNP in aqueous cryoprotectant buffer.
Contains mRNA that encodes for the prefusion stabilized S protein of the Omicron BA.4/BA.5 variant SARS-CoV-2 strain and the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against Wa-1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against Wa-1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against Wa-1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against Wa-1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.351 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.351.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.351 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.351.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against BA.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against BA.1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against BA.1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of AUC From Baseline Antibody Against BA.1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against D614G in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against D614G.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against D614G in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against D614G.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.351 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against B.1.351.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.351 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against B.1.351.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.617.2 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against B.1.617.2.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against B.1.617.2 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against B.1.617.2.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against BA.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against BA.1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against BA.1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against BA.1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against BA.2.12.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 15
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against BA.2.12.1.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against BA.4/BA.5 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against BA.4/BA.5.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Antibody Against BA.4/BA.5 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Pseudovirus Neutralization From Baseline Against BA.4/BA.5.
Fold-rise is calculated by dividing post-vaccination results by the baseline value.
The geometric mean of the fold rise is then reported.
|
Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against Wa-1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against Wa-1.
The assay result, reported in arbitrary units, was repeated over a series of dilutions (e.g.
1/10, 1/100, 1/1000).
These data were plotted, with dilution factor (1/dilution) on the x-axis and assay result on the y-axis, and the AUC was calculated as the area under the assay results from each dilution.
As the x-axis of this AUC calculation was the dilution factor and the y-axis was the assay result in arbitrary units, the calculated AUC has units of arbitrary units*1/dilution.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against Wa-1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against Wa-1.
The assay result, reported in arbitrary units, was repeated over a series of dilutions (e.g.
1/10, 1/100, 1/1000).
These data were plotted, with dilution factor (1/dilution) on the x-axis and assay result on the y-axis, and the AUC was calculated as the area under the assay results from each dilution.
As the x-axis of this AUC calculation was the dilution factor and the y-axis was the assay result in arbitrary units, the calculated AUC has units of arbitrary units*1/dilution.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against B.1.351 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against B.1.351.
The assay result, reported in arbitrary units, was repeated over a series of dilutions (e.g.
1/10, 1/100, 1/1000).
These data were plotted, with dilution factor (1/dilution) on the x-axis and assay result on the y-axis, and the AUC was calculated as the area under the assay results from each dilution.
As the x-axis of this AUC calculation was the dilution factor and the y-axis was the assay result in arbitrary units, the calculated AUC has units of arbitrary units*1/dilution.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against B.1.351 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against B.1.351.
The assay result, reported in arbitrary units, was repeated over a series of dilutions (e.g.
1/10, 1/100, 1/1000).
These data were plotted, with dilution factor (1/dilution) on the x-axis and assay result on the y-axis, and the AUC was calculated as the area under the assay results from each dilution.
As the x-axis of this AUC calculation was the dilution factor and the y-axis was the assay result in arbitrary units, the calculated AUC has units of arbitrary units*1/dilution.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against BA.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against BA.1.
The assay result, reported in arbitrary units, was repeated over a series of dilutions (e.g.
1/10, 1/100, 1/1000).
These data were plotted, with dilution factor (1/dilution) on the x-axis and assay result on the y-axis, and the AUC was calculated as the area under the assay results from each dilution.
As the x-axis of this AUC calculation was the dilution factor and the y-axis was the assay result in arbitrary units, the calculated AUC has units of arbitrary units*1/dilution.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against BA.1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) AUC of Antibody Against BA.1.
The assay result, reported in arbitrary units, was repeated over a series of dilutions (e.g.
1/10, 1/100, 1/1000).
These data were plotted, with dilution factor (1/dilution) on the x-axis and assay result on the y-axis, and the AUC was calculated as the area under the assay results from each dilution.
As the x-axis of this AUC calculation was the dilution factor and the y-axis was the assay result in arbitrary units, the calculated AUC has units of arbitrary units*1/dilution.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against D614G in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against D614G.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against D614G in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against D614G.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.2.12.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.2.12.1.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Geometric Mean (GM) of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.351.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against B.1.617.2.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.1.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.2.12.1 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.2.12.1.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5 in One Dose Groups.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 91, Day 181, Day 271, Day 366
|
|
Geometric Mean Ratio (GMR) to D614G Variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5 in Two Dose Group.
Time Frame: Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
GMR to D614G variant of Pseudovirus Neutralization Against BA.4/BA.5.
GMR is calculated by dividing by the neutralization against D614G.
The geometric mean of the ratio is then reported.
|
Day 1 Pre-Booster Dose, Day 15, Day 29, Day 57, Day 85, Day 147, Day 237, Day 327, Day 422
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Frequency of Any Adverse Events (AEs) Leading to Withdrawal From the Study.
Time Frame: Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants that experienced any AE during the course of the study that resulted in withdrawal from the study.
|
Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Any Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESIs)
Time Frame: Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants that experienced any AESI during the course of the study.
|
Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Any Medically Attended Adverse Events (MAAEs)
Time Frame: Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants that experienced any MAAE during the course of the study.
Medically Attended Adverse Events (MAAEs) are defined as a hospitalization < 24 hours, emergency room visit or an otherwise unscheduled visit to or from medical personnel for any reason; and considered related or possibly related to study product
|
Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Any New Onset Chronic Medical Conditions (NOCMCs)
Time Frame: Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants that experienced any NOCMC during the course of the study.
|
Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Any Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
Time Frame: Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants that experienced any SAEs during the course of the study.
An AE or suspected adverse reaction is considered serious if, in the view of either the participating site PI or appropriate sub-investigator or the sponsor, it results in: death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, a persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect.
|
Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 366) for Arms 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 and Day 1 to study completion (through up to Day 422) for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Systemic Solicited Reactogenicity Adverse Events (AEs)
Time Frame: Day 1 through Day 8 for Arms 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, and 17 and through 7 days post any vaccination for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants who experienced any systemic solicited AEs through 7 days post any vaccination.
Systemic events include: fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, chills and fever.
|
Day 1 through Day 8 for Arms 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, and 17 and through 7 days post any vaccination for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Local Solicited Reactogenicity Adverse Events (AEs)
Time Frame: Day 1 through Day 8 for Arms 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, and 17 and through 7 days post any vaccination for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants who experienced any local solicited AEs through 7 days post any vaccination.
Local events include: Injection Site Pain, Injection site Erythema, and Injection site Edema/Induration.
|
Day 1 through Day 8 for Arms 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, and 17 and through 7 days post any vaccination for Arm 3.
|
|
Frequency of Any Unsolicited Adverse Events (AEs)
Time Frame: Day 1 through Day 29 for Arms 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, and 17 and 28 days post any vaccination for Arm 3.
|
Number of participants that experienced any Unsolicited AEs through 28 days post vaccination.
|
Day 1 through Day 29 for Arms 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, and 17 and 28 days post any vaccination for Arm 3.
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Branche AR, Rouphael NG, Diemert DJ, Falsey AR, Losada C, Baden LR, Frey SE, Whitaker JA, Little SJ, Anderson EJ, Walter EB, Novak RM, Rupp R, Jackson LA, Babu TM, Kottkamp AC, Luetkemeyer AF, Immergluck LC, Presti RM, Backer M, Winokur PL, Mahgoub SM, Goepfert PA, Fusco DN, Malkin E, Bethony JM, Walsh EE, Graciaa DS, Samaha H, Sherman AC, Walsh SR, Abate G, Oikonomopoulou Z, El Sahly HM, Martin TCS, Rostad CA, Smith MJ, Ladner BG, Porterfield L, Dunstan M, Wald A, Davis T, Atmar RL, Mulligan MJ, Lyke KE, Posavad CM, Meagher MA, Stephens DS, Neuzil KM, Abebe K, Hill H, Albert J, Lewis TC, Giebeig LA, Eaton A, Netzl A, Wilks SH, Tureli S, Makhene M, Crandon S, Lee M, Nayak SU, Montefiori DC, Makowski M, Smith DJ, Roberts PC, Beigel JH; COVAIL Study Group. SARS-CoV-2 Variant Vaccine Boosters Trial: Preliminary Analyses. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2022 Jul 15:2022.07.12.22277336. doi: 10.1101/2022.07.12.22277336.
- Fong Y, Dang L, Zhang B, Fintzi J, Chen S, Wang J, Rouphael NG, Branche AR, Diemert DJ, Falsey AR, Losada C, Baden LR, Frey SE, Whitaker JA, Little SJ, Kamidani S, Walter EB, Novak RM, Rupp R, Jackson LA, Yu C, Magaret CA, Molitor C, Borate B, Babu TM, Kottkamp AC, Luetkemeyer AF, Immergluck LC, Presti RM, Backer M, Winokur PL, Mahgoub SM, Goepfert PA, Fusco DN, Atmar RL, Posavad CM, Mu J, Makowski M, Makhene MK, Nayak SU, Roberts PC, Follmann D, Gilbert PB; Coronavirus Variant Immunologic Landscape Trial (COVAIL) Study Team. Neutralizing Antibody Immune Correlates for a Recombinant Protein Vaccine in the COVAIL Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 5;80(1):223-227. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae465.
- Branche AR, Rouphael NG, Diemert DJ, Falsey AR, Losada C, Baden LR, Frey SE, Whitaker JA, Little SJ, Anderson EJ, Walter EB, Novak RM, Rupp R, Jackson LA, Babu TM, Kottkamp AC, Luetkemeyer AF, Immergluck LC, Presti RM, Backer M, Winokur PL, Mahgoub SM, Goepfert PA, Fusco DN, Malkin E, Bethony JM, Walsh EE, Graciaa DS, Samaha H, Sherman AC, Walsh SR, Abate G, Oikonomopoulou Z, El Sahly HM, Martin TCS, Kamidani S, Smith MJ, Ladner BG, Porterfield L, Dunstan M, Wald A, Davis T, Atmar RL, Mulligan MJ, Lyke KE, Posavad CM, Meagher MA, Stephens DS, Neuzil KM, Abebe K, Hill H, Albert J, Telu K, Mu J, Lewis TC, Giebeig LA, Eaton A, Netzl A, Wilks SH, Tureli S, Makhene M, Crandon S, Montefiori DC, Makowski M, Smith DJ, Nayak SU, Roberts PC, Beigel JH; COVAIL Study Group. Comparison of bivalent and monovalent SARS-CoV-2 variant vaccines: the phase 2 randomized open-label COVAIL trial. Nat Med. 2023 Sep;29(9):2334-2346. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02503-4. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
- Branche A, Rouphael N, Diemert D, Falsey A, Losada C, Baden LR, Frey S, Whitaker J, Little S, Anderson E, Walter E, Novak R, Rupp R, Jackson L, Babu T, Kottkamp A, Luetkemeyer A, Immergluck L, Presti R, Backer M, Winokur P, Mahgoub S, Goepfert P, Fusco D, Malkin E, Bethony J, Walsh E, Graciaa D, Samaha H, Sherman A, Walsh S, Abate G, Oikonomopoulou Z, El Sahly H, Martin T, Kamidani S, Smith M, Ladner B, Porterfield L, Dunstan M, Wald A, Davis T, Atmar R, Mulligan M, Lyke K, Posavad C, Meagher M, Stephens D, Neuzil K, Abebe K, Hill H, Albert J, Telu K, Mu J, Lewis T, Giebeig L, Eaton A, Netzl A, Wilks S, Tureli S, Makhene M, Crandon S, Montefiori D, Makowski M, Smith D, Nayak S, Roberts P, Beigel J. Bivalent and Monovalent SARS-CoV-2 Variant Vaccine Boosters Improve coverage of the known Antigenic Landscape: Results of the COVID-19 Variant Immunologic Landscape (COVAIL) Trial. Res Sq [Preprint]. 2023 May 5:rs.3.rs-2653179. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2653179/v1.
- Diemert DJ, Graciaa DS, Zhang B, Rouphael NG, Branche AR, Martin TCS, Jackson LA, Presti RM, Kamidani S, Mahgoub SM, Babu TM, Magaret CA, Simon V, van Bakel H, Roberts PC, Beigel JH, Gilbert PB, Follmann D; Coronavirus Variant Immunologic Landscape Trial (COVAIL) Study Team. Effect of Omicron BA.1-based compared to prototype booster mRNA vaccination on incidence of COVID-19 in the COVAIL trial. Vaccine. 2025 Oct 3;64:127718. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127718. Epub 2025 Sep 9.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Respiratory Tract Infections
- Infections
- RNA Virus Infections
- Virus Diseases
- Respiratory Tract Diseases
- Lung Diseases
- Pneumonia, Viral
- Pneumonia
- Coronavirus Infections
- Coronaviridae Infections
- Nidovirales Infections
- COVID-19
- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
- Proteins
- Biological Factors
- Inorganic Chemicals
- Chlorine Compounds
- Biological Products
- Complex Mixtures
- Vaccines
- Sodium Compounds
- Viral Vaccines
- mRNA Vaccines
- Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines
- Vaccines, Synthetic
- Recombinant Proteins
- COVID-19 Vaccines
- Antigens
- Chlorides
- Hydrochloric Acid
- BNT162 Vaccine
- 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273
- Sodium Chloride
Other Study ID Numbers
- 22-0004
- 5UM1AI148684-03 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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