The Effect of Basic Body Awareness Therapy on Musculoskeletal Disorders and Psychological Symptoms

February 13, 2023 updated by: Hamiyet Yuce, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University

The Effect of Basic Body Awareness Therapy on Musculoskeletal Disorders and Psychological Symptoms in University Students Participating in the Hybrid Education Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, stay-at-home isolation as a precaution to alleviate the disease has affected the physical and mental well-being of individuals. University students spent time in front of the screen with online education and developed a sedentary lifestyle during the academic term. In this process, musculoskeletal disorders increased more in university students due to the increase in the use of laptop or computer, smartphone, and social media. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused psychological disorders as well as physical health problems. General population studies have shown that all forms of depression, anxiety, stress, sleep problems, and psychological distress are highly increased during this period. In a study conducted in Turkey, it was reported that students' negative well-being, anxiety, and physical inactivity significantly affected perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, and students' mental health was at high risk. It has been stated that providing mental health supportive systems in students and encouraging physical activity regularly can reduce perceived stress levels.

On the other hand, psychological interventions via video conferencing platforms have been proposed to promote mental health due to the limited and delayed face-to-face healthcare as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been stated that the use of telemedicine or e-health applications together with body-mind approaches such as yoga, tai chi, qigong may be beneficial in order to encourage physical activity and protect mental health in this critical period. Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT), which is among the body-mind approaches, is also frequently used in the rehabilitation of patients with psychiatric disorders, pain, and chronic musculoskeletal system problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of BBAT on musculoskeletal disorders and psychological symptoms in university students who participated in the hybrid (online + face-to-face) education program during the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of this study is that it is the first study on physical and psychological symptoms of BBAT in university students.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

60

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Balikesir, Turkey
        • Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 25 years (ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being studying at Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
  • Volunteering to participate in the study
  • Being between the ages of 18-25

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having any diagnosed psychological disorder
  • Regularly doing body-mind approaches such as yoga and tai chi
  • Having any condition involving the musculoskeletal system
  • Having a rheumatic disease

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: PARALLEL
  • Masking: NONE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Basic Body Awareness Therapy Group
BBAT exercises to the participants in the study group, were performed under the leadership of two physiotherapists with internationally valid training certificates. In the face-to-face training, BBAT exercises were taught to the participants. Then the training went on via Google Meet. The lying exercises were shown on one participant before each group study and participants were asked to do lying exercises at home. Sitting and lying exercises were performed as a hybrid at one hour/in a week for 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of each group training, feedback was received from the participants' own experiences of the effects of the exercises on the body, emotions, and thoughts.
Other: Basic Body Awareness Therapy
Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT), which is among the body-mind approaches, is also frequently used in the rehabilitation of patients with psychiatric disorders, pain, and chronic musculoskeletal system problems.
NO_INTERVENTION: Control Group
The Control group was warned to continue with daily routines and not to take any training that includes body-mind approaches such as yoga or Tai chi for 12 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ)
Time Frame: Baseline
The Turkish reliability and validity studies of the questionnaire developed by Cornell University were performed by Erdinc et al. The CMDQ measures the frequency of pain or discomfort in 11 different body parts in the past seven days, the severity of this situation, and its interference on the ability to work.For frequency in scoring the scale: "never: 0 points, 1-2 times last week: 1.5 points, 3-4 times last week: 3.5 points, once every day: 5 points, several times every day: 10 points are taken. For severity: slightly uncomfortable: 1 point, moderately uncomfortable: 2 points, very uncomfortable: 3 points. For the interference on the ability to work: not at all: 1 point, slightly interfered: 2 points, substantially interfered: 3 points. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.
Baseline
Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ)
Time Frame: 12th week
The Turkish reliability and validity studies of the questionnaire developed by Cornell University were performed by Erdinc et al. The CMDQ measures the frequency of pain or discomfort in 11 different body parts in the past seven days, the severity of this situation, and its interference on the ability to work.For frequency in scoring the scale: "never: 0 points, 1-2 times last week: 1.5 points, 3-4 times last week: 3.5 points, once every day: 5 points, several times every day: 10 points are taken. For severity: slightly uncomfortable: 1 point, moderately uncomfortable: 2 points, very uncomfortable: 3 points. For the interference on the ability to work: not at all: 1 point, slightly interfered: 2 points, substantially interfered: 3 points. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.
12th week
Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) (53 items)
Time Frame: Baseline
Sahin & Durak found that the inventory developed by Derogatis is valid and reliable in determining the psychological problems of university students. It has been stated that it is a useful inventory in screening studies of university students' mental health. It is a 53-item self-assessment inventory. BSI uses a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"). Higher scores mean a worse outcome
Baseline
Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) (53 items)
Time Frame: 12th week
Sahin & Durak found that the inventory developed by Derogatis is valid and reliable in determining the psychological problems of university students. It has been stated that it is a useful inventory in screening studies of university students' mental health. It is a 53-item self-assessment inventory. BSI uses a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"). Higher scores mean a worse outcome
12th week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (ACTUAL)

March 11, 2021

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

June 11, 2021

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

October 1, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 13, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 21, 2022

First Posted (ACTUAL)

March 31, 2022

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE)

February 14, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 13, 2023

Last Verified

February 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2021-1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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