Resistance Training in the Fasted State

Effects of Resistance Training Performed in the Fasted State Compared to the Fed State on Morphological and Neuromuscular Adaptations in Young Adults

It is well evidenced in the literature that fasting aerobic exercise generates a series of metabolic differences when compared to exercise performed in the fed state, including the use of fats predominantly as an energy source. Consequently, increases in adaptations to aerobic training, related to health and physical performance, are observed when sessions are performed in the fasted state. In relation to resistance training, the evidence is limited. There is a lack of data in the literature regarding the effects of fasting on resistance exercises and whether this practice may reflect in losses or improvements in morphological and neuromuscular adaptations related to resistance training. Thus, the aim of the present project is to compare the effects of resistance training performed in the fasted state compared to the fed state during 12 weeks on body composition and physical performance in young adults. Thirty-four eutrophic or overweight individuals, not engaged in regular resistance exercises, aged between 20 and 40 years, will be recruited. They will be put on a standard customized diet and will perform 2 weekly sessions of resistance exercise after overnight fasting (10 to 12 hours) or in the fed state, for 12 weeks. Before, in the middle and after this period, evaluations of body composition, muscle thickness and quality, maximum dynamic strength and maximum power will be analyzed. Comparisons will be performed using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), adopting the factors group (2 stratifications) and time (3 stratifications). All results will be expressed as mean and standard deviation and the accepted significance level will be 5%.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Exercise; Fasting; Resistance Training
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Resistance training in the fasted state; Other: Resistance training in the fed state

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 28
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Brazil
  • Rio Grande Do Sul
    • Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, 90690-200
      • Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança - UFRGS

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 19 years to 40 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Men and women;
• Aged between 19 and 40 years;
• Body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 29.9 kg/m²;
• Not engaged in regular strength physical exercise (>1 weekly session) for the last 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smokers;
• Use of medications and/or supplements that may influence the outcomes evaluated;
• Individuals who have a chronic disease that may prevent physical exercise.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Resistance training in the fasted state; Subjects will maintain the standard diet and will perform resistance exercise sessions after overnight fasting (10 to 12 hours). Over the 12 weeks of intervention, participants will perform two sessions a week of resistance exercises.	Other: Resistance training in the fasted state; On the first day of evaluations, the subjects will perform the basal metabolic rate (BMR) analysis, as well as familiarization with the neuromuscular tests. After the preliminary tests, the volunteers will perform the pre-intervention procedures. Assessments of body composition, muscle thickness and quality, maximum dynamic strength and maximum power will be performed. In addition, instruments related to dietary control and physical activity level will be applied. Subsequently, in a randomized manner, participants will be allocated to one of two different interventions. During the intervention (8 weeks), the adherence to the standard diet will be verified, as well as body composition, muscle thickness and quality, maximum dynamic strength and maximum power will be reassessed. After the 12 weeks of intervention, the volunteers will perform the evaluations referring to the post-intervention moment, following the same steps of the pre-intervention collections.; Other Names: Strength training; Fasting
Active Comparator: Resistance training in the fed state; Subjects will maintain the standard diet and will perform resistance exercise sessions in the fed state, between 1 and 2 hours after consuming a carbohydrate-containing meal. Over the 12 weeks of intervention, participants will perform two sessions a week of resistance exercises.	Other: Resistance training in the fed state; On the first day of evaluations, the subjects will perform the basal metabolic rate (BMR) analysis, as well as familiarization with the neuromuscular tests. After the preliminary tests, the volunteers will perform the pre-intervention procedures. Assessments of body composition, muscle thickness and quality, maximum dynamic strength and maximum power will be performed. In addition, instruments related to dietary control and physical activity level will be applied. Subsequently, in a randomized manner, participants will be allocated to one of two different interventions. During the intervention (8 weeks), the adherence to the standard diet will be verified, as well as body composition, muscle thickness and quality, maximum dynamic strength and maximum power will be reassessed. After the 12 weeks of intervention, the volunteers will perform the evaluations referring to the post-intervention moment, following the same steps of the pre-intervention collections.; Other Names: Strength training; Feeding

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Body mass	Body mass will be measured using a scale (Urano, Canoas, Brazil).	1 minute
Lean body mass	Lean body mass will be determined using the dual energy X-ray absorption (DEXA) method, using a densitometry machine (Hologic GE, Bedford, USA).	15 minutes
Fat body mass	Fat body mass will be determined using the dual energy X-ray absorption (DEXA) method, using a densitometry machine (Hologic GE, Bedford, USA).	15 minutes
Muscle thickness	Muscle thickness will be evaluated through ultrasound (Nemio XG, Toshiba, Japan).	30 minutes
Muscle quality	Muscle quality will be evaluated through echo intensity of the quadriceps through ultrasound (Nemio XG, Toshiba, Japan).	30 minutes
Maximum dynamic strength	Maximum dynamic strength will be assessed using the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test for bench press and knee extension exercises.	30 minutes
Maximum power	The maximum power and the medium power will be evaluated in the bench press and knee extension exercises considering a load of 30 and 70% of 1RM.	30 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 23, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 23, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): December 23, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 25, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 28, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): August 1, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 9, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 8, 2023
• Last Verified: May 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: URioGrandeESEFID

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No