The Effects of Core Stabilization Exercises on Balance, Proprioception, and Knee Muscle Strength in Children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Scoliosis can be defined as a 3-dimensional deformity in which the lateral deviation and rotation of the vertebrae occur, as well as changes in the physiological curves of the spine. The gold standard criterion is that the Cobb angle, which determines the lateral deviation of the spine in the frontal plane, is greater than 10°.

Postural control and balance occur as a result of the integration of many sensory information. It is thought that postural control and balance in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) patients are adversely affected by biomechanical changes in sensory input, central integration, weight transfer mechanism and the structure of the medulla spinalis. In addition to these, vestibular disorders and proprioceptive losses may have an effect on balance.

Decline in balance reduces the quality of life of individuals with AIS. In addition, exercise has an important place in the treatment of individuals with AIS. In order to get more efficiency from the exercises, it is necessary to improve the balance.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in balance, proprioception, and knee muscle strength of patients, to determine the place of balance exercises in the treatment of individuals with AIS, and to investigate the effect of core stabilization exercises on balance and proprioception in patients with AIS.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Home Based Traditional Scoliosis Exercises; Other: Core Stability Training

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Fatih
    • Istanbul, Fatih, Turkey, 34093
      • Istanbul University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 6 years to 14 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosed with AIS between the ages of 10-18
• Cobb angle is between 10-40 degrees
• The child's and family's consent to participate in the study
• The child does not receive any other treatment that will affect his scoliosis

Exclusion Criteria:

• Surgical operation in the last 3 months
• Presence of an orthopedic, neurological, systemic disease that will prevent him from exercising
• Having mental, communicative and behavioral disorders that may cause problems understanding commands and questions or performing exercises
• Exercising 3 or more days a week.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Control Group; The control group will be given home based traditional scoliosis exercise training for 8 weeks, 5 days a week for 45 minutes.	Other: Home Based Traditional Scoliosis Exercises; Patients in this group will receive posture exercises, strengthening exercises, diaphragmatic breathing exercises and stretching exercises.
Experimental: Training Group; In addition to conventional home based traditional scoliosis exercises, patients in this group will also receive core stabilization exercise training for 45 minutes, 5 times in a week for 8 weeks. Every two sessions will be supervised in a clinic per week.	Other: Home Based Traditional Scoliosis Exercises; Patients in this group will receive posture exercises, strengthening exercises, diaphragmatic breathing exercises and stretching exercises.; Other: Core Stability Training; Patients in this group will receive traditional scoliosis exercises. In addition, the training group will receive core stabilization exercises for multifidus, diaphragm,erector spines, rectus abdominis, internal and external obliques, quadratus lumborum, iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, and pelvic floor muscles.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Balance	Evaluation of balance with Biodex Balance System	8 week
Proprioception	Evaluation of proprioception with Biodex System 3 Pro Multijoint System	8 week
Muscle Strength of Knee Flexion / Extension	Muscle Strength of Knee Measurement of isokinetic muscle strength with Biodex System 3Pro Multijoint System Isokinetic Dynamometer.e Flexion / Extension	8 week

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Balance	Evaluation of balance with Modified Romberg test	8 week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Istanbul University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 5, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): February 23, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 24, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 24, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): September 28, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 6, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: proprioception; balance; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; core stabilization exercises; knee muscle strength
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Bone Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Spinal Diseases; Spinal Curvatures; Scoliosis
• Other Study ID Numbers: IUFGokdemir02

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No