Prevalence and Risk Factors of Nephrocalcinosis in Children at Sohag University Hospital

June 9, 2023 updated by: Mena Saad Mohamed, Sohag University
To study prevalence, risk factors, possible etiologies, clinical presentation and outcome of nephrocalcinosis in children at Sohag University Hospital.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Detailed Description

Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is characterized by deposition of calcium salts in the renal parenchyma. It is classified by ultrasonography into three types: cortical, medullary, and diffuse nephrocalcinosis . Cases of nephrocalcinosis in children are increasing and are becoming common causes for hospital admissions or visits to renal clinics. In addition, it is associated with significant long-term sequelae, including morbidity caused by recurrent stones as well as the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The exact pathogenesis of nephrocalcinosis remains under investigation, in medullary nephrocalcinosis the main cause is hypercalciuria. Increased urinary calcium load arises either through increased calcium absorption (extra-renal causes) or impaired calcium reabsorption within the renal tubule . The majority of calcium reabsorption (~65%) occurs in the proximal tubule, and (~25%) is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle and (~5%) is reabsorbed from the cortical collecting duct . Identification of monogenic causes of nephrocalcinosis affecting these areas has provided valuable insights into the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous condition. Interestingly, although a further (~7-10% (of calcium is reabsorbed within the distal convoluted tubule, no monogenic causes of nephrocalcinosis have been identified which affect this section of the renal Tubule . Nephrocalcinosis can occur due to various metabolic or renal tubular disorders, Vitamin D excess, medication, and prematurity .

The condition can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the renal prognosis is determined by its underlying cause, so a diagnostic evaluation in all children with NC to determine its causes and preserve kidney function is mandatory . Since the use of kidney ultrasound (US) as a routine diagnostic procedure, NC is detected in growing numbers of children. There is Different incidence rates and etiologies are reported in children with NC, reflecting the difference in geographic, genetic, and socioeconomic back ground.

Classifications of NC, based on its US appearance, have been proposed, distinguishing medullary, cortical and global NC . It has also been stated that whether NC is harmful or not depends on its magnitude, and on whether it is the result of an ongoing problem or of a transient insult .

Diagnosis of nephrocalcinosis is important to stop progression of renal injury. A detailed history should be obtained, including birth history, diet, fluid intake, medications, vitamin supplementation, developmental history, and other known diseases or conditions. A detailed family history also is very important. Physical examination findings are typically nonspecific, but the presence of signs that are syndromic in nature may provide helpful information to narrow the differential diagnosis .

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

50

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

  • Name: Ghada Ashry Borham, lecturer
  • Phone Number: 01068479255

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

all infants and children diagnosed with nephrocalcinosis and followed up at our pediatric nephrology clinic and pediatric department at Sohag University Hospitals during the study duration

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • • All patients aged from one month to 12 years diagnosed with nephrocalcinosis at pediatric department and nephrology outpatient clinic.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Children with nephrolithiasis without nephrocalcinosis.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
percentage of nephrocalcinosis among renal diseases
Time Frame: one year
percentage of children presented with nephrocalcinosis among all children with renal diseses in sohag university hospital
one year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Percentage of each risk factor of Nephrocalcinosis
Time Frame: one year
percentage of each risk factor related to Nephrocalcinosis in children in ssohag univesity hospital
one year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sohag University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

June 1, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2024

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 8, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 8, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

May 17, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

June 13, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 9, 2023

Last Verified

June 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Nephrocalcinosis in children

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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