Effect of Breathing Exercise on Fatigue in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
December 6, 2023 updated by: Sema Aytaç, PhD
Tuberculosis is a chronic, necrotic infectious disease with very different clinical appearances, caused by a group of mycobacteria defined as M. tuberculosis complex.
Although there is a vaccine and can be treated with combined medications, this health problem remains important all over the world, especially in poor countries.
Generally, respiratory symptoms that occur in a person with tuberculosis include cough, phlegm, hemoptysis, chest pain, and shortness of breath for more than three weeks.
If there is a partial obstruction in the bronchi due to the compression of enlarged lymph nodes, it causes a whezing sound accompanied by shortness of breath.
In tuberculosis, contagion is brought under control with effective treatment by regular use of drugs.
In addition, the symptoms of the patients are relieved until they recover.
However, the fatigue of the patients may continue.
The disease may continue.
In addition to having an effect, fatigue may also occur due to the side effects of many tuberculosis drugs.
Therefore, patients experiencing fatigue while taking tuberculosis drugs may cause them to become uncooperative in drug use, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, serious complications and higher treatment costs.
Another method used in addition to the treatment of chronic respiratory system diseases such as tuberculosis is pulmonary rehabilitation.Pulmonary rehabilitation consists of patient education, psychosocial support, aerobic and strengthening breathing exercises and physical training programs.
Among the breathing exercises that are considered to be one of the important components of pulmonary rehabilitation, pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing exercises are frequently used in chronic respiratory system diseases.
However, no study has been found examining the effects of pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing exercises on fatigue in tuberculosis patients.
Pursed-lip breathing technique ensures maximum emptying of the alveoli by providing controlled expiration, thus helping to reduce the respiratory rate by increasing the activity of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles, increasing gas exchange and tidal volume.
During diaphragmatic breathing exercise, since the diaphragm muscle is used instead of accessory muscles, the respiratory load decreases, thus the ventilation level of the lungs increases and breathing is supported.
It has been reported in the literature that the deep breathing technique is effective in controlling the emotional states of tuberculosis patients, and that deep breathing exercises applied to pulmonary TB patients are effective in reducing the respiratory rate.
However, since no study was found in the literature review that evaluated the effect of breathing exercise applied to TB patients on fatigue, this study was planned to examine the effect of breathing exercise applied to patients diagnosed with TB on fatigue.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
54
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
-
-
Gaziantep, Turkey
- Gaziantep University
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
Being literate Being diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and completing the 15th day of treatment Volunteering to participate in the study Being 18 years or older No communication problems Not having mental confusion or any psychiatric problems Not having Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR) Using a communication tool
Exclusion Criteria:
Reluctance to participate in the study Being a patient with Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR) Not being diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and not having completed the 15th day of treatment Having any psychiatric problems Scoring '0' on the Piper Fatigue scale Not using communication tools
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Experimental, Breathing Group
Breathing exercises were applied to the participants.
|
The patients in the intervention group will first be informed by the researcher about pursed lips and diaphragmatic breathing exercises through a face-to-face interview technique, and then the breathing exercises will be taught practically to each patient for approximately 30 minutes, and the first session will be held.
Each session takes place once a day in the morning, lasts 10-15 minutes and is applied every day; Sessions other than the first session will consist of 10 pursed lip breathing exercises, relaxation (2 minutes) and 10 diaphragmatic breathing exercises; Three days a week, the researcher will be reminded via online video call once a day in the morning, and on the other days, the patients will be reminded by phone call that they will be asked to do themselves, and breathing exercises will be performed for a total of four weeks.
|
|
No Intervention: No Intervention: Standard care
Participants received standard care.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in fatigue during the Follow-up
Time Frame: 1 months
|
Piper fatigue scale was applied.
It varies between 0-10 points, with a higher score indicating increased fatigue.
|
1 months
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
June 1, 2023
Primary Completion (Actual)
September 30, 2023
Study Completion (Actual)
September 30, 2023
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
December 6, 2023
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
December 6, 2023
First Posted (Actual)
December 14, 2023
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
December 14, 2023
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
December 6, 2023
Last Verified
December 1, 2023
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 5122023
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.